MEASURING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY OF RESOURCE AND THE TECHNICAL CHANGE OF AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES IN IRAQ USING SFA AND DEA FOR THE PERIOD 2005-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1117
Author(s):  
Ali & Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Total Productivity

The research aims to measure the economic efficiency and technological change and the total productivity of resources using the parameter and non-parameter methods, for agricultural companies registered in the Iraqi stock exchange, the number of 6 companies for the period from 2005 to 2017 based on the hypothesis that the  agricultural companies do not achieve economic efficiency and does not control the management of its operations, and It may be technically efficient but the size of its operations is not optimal. From non-parametric methods, the data envelope analysis method was used. Using the DEAP program, the Middle East Company achieved the highest average technical and cost efficiency of 0.62 and 0.58, respectively. The Iraqi seed production company achieved the highest average efficiency of 0.66. Using Al- Malmquist Index, the National Company for Agricultural Production achieved the highest rate of change in the total productivity of resources and the highest change in the technical efficiency respectively 1.97 and 2.28, while the Modern company for agricultural production obtained the highest technological change averaging 1.14. A stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) technique was used; logarithmic TL function was estimated using FRONT software. The maximum likelihood method (ML) shows that the capital was increased by 1%, the value of production of companies will increase by 0.22% because it helps to take advantage of the advanced technology that these companies are supposed to work to localize and support the agricultural sector. The cross-elasticity between labor and capital was 0.67 which indicates the nature of the substitution relationship between the two items, because using the technology reduces the workers. The value of sigma-squared was 0.21.

scholarly journals Economic Performance of Soil and Water Conservation Practicesin Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coulibaly Z. C. T. Stephen ◽  
Noufe Tiatite ◽  
Pale Siebou ◽  
Yonli Djibril ◽  
Prasad P. V. Vara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Soil And Water

The continuous degradation of agroecosystems is a major concern for Sub-Saharan African countries, particularly Burkina Faso. To fight against this problem, various research projects and programs have implemented Soil and Water Conservation practices (SWC) in Northern Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to assess the economic performance of stone rows, grass strips, zaï, filtering dikes, half-moons and agroforestry on agricultural production in this part of Burkina Faso. Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to estimate SWC’s technical efficiency. Results indicated that the cost for SWC construction did not influence white sorghum and pearl millet yield. However, an increase of 1% in the investment for SWC implementation results in a 0.42% increase in groundnut yield and 0.19% in cowpea yield. Although, the half-moon technique had a positive effect on the farmer’s technical efficiency, the effects of stone rows, filtering dikes, zaï and grass strips were not significant. Given the tremendous efforts that farmers develop to implement these anti-erosion practices, one recommendation is that policy makers strengthen the technical, financial and equipment supports to farmers for efficient implementation of SWC techniques to ensure sustainability of agricultural production systems in Northern Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Ecological Consequences of the Digitization of Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3C) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Production Processes

The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of agricultural digitization in the context of sustainable development of society. The levels of digitization of agricultural production have been determined. The basic digital technologies used in agriculture in the context of separate production processes are considered. It is established that the digitization of the agricultural sector of the economy contributes not only to improving the economic efficiency of functioning and competitiveness of the industry, but also allows reducing the burden on natural resources and the environment as a whole.

scholarly journals Analisi Efisiensi Teknis, Alokatif dan Ekonomi Produksi Kubis di Kabupaten Karo

JURNAL AGRICA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Frandika Barus
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Farming Efficiency ◽  
Input Amount

The needs of cabbages tends to increase. Meanwhile, cabbage production is not optimal and just seasonal. However, demands of cabbages in export field are high so, it makes the cabbage farming is a strategic area to be developed. To increase production through increasing the use of inputs and using new technologies is relatively difficult because it requires high costs. Therefore,  increasing production by improving farming efficiency is a relevant option. Farmers’ managerial skills and their combining various production inputs ability will affect the production. Efficient use of input amount (allocative efficiency) and a good technical efficiency are important for increasing the production. Production of cabbage farming efficiency was analyzed by using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The results of the analysis showed that the technical, allocative and economic efficiency of cabbage farming in Karo District had not achieved. The average of the technical, allocative and economic efficiency values of the respondent were 0.697, 0.374 and 0.215. These results indicate that low efficiency is a contributing factor to the low productivity of the cabbage farmer respondents' in Karo District. Several factors that have a significant effect on the efficiency are farming experience, labor ratio, land ownership status and cabbage lifespan.

Economic analysis of the use of land resources in the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Territory, taking into account the natural potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Б.А. Хахук ◽  
Н.А. Дьякова ◽  
А.А. Кушу
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Different Levels

В статье представлен анализ земельного фонда территории Краснодарского края, его распределение по категориям земель и угодьям за 2011-2020 гг.; рассмотрены основные землепользователи и характерные для региона основные организационно-правовые формы. Приведена характеристика и оценка природно-климатических (природно-сельскохозяйственных) зон края. Представлен анализ наиболее выращиваемых культур в аграрной сфере Южного федерального округа и региона: зерновых и зернобобовых, подсолнечника и сахарной свеклы, а также их вклад в аграрную экономику и производство сельскохозяйственной продукции страны. Отдельно рассмотрены высокоинтенсивные и редкие культуры, выращиваемые в регионе, возделывание которых в различных природно-климатических зонах Краснодарского края находится на разных уровнях экономической эффективности. The article presents an analysis of the land fund of the territory of the Krasnodar Territory, its distribution by land categories and land for 2011-2020; the main land users and the main organizational and legal forms characteristic of the region are considered. The characteristic and assessment of the natural-climatic (natural-agricultural) zones of the region is given. The article presents an analysis of the most cultivated crops in the agricultural sector of the Southern Federal District and the region: cereals and legumes, sunflower and sugar beet, as well as their contribution to the agricultural economy and agricultural production of the country. The high-intensity and rare crops grown in the region, the cultivation of which in different natural and climatic zones of the Krasnodar Territory is at different levels of economic efficiency, are considered separately.

scholarly journals Total Factor Productivity and the Bio Economy Effects

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Zuniga Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Central American ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Catch Up

This paper develops a new measure of total factor productivity growth in agricultural Production which incorporates Bio Economic components effects.The new measure is called the Bio Economic-Oriented Total Factor Productivity (BTFP) index, and incorporates components of Bio Economic as liquid biofuels. BTFP measure changes in Bio Economic efficiency and can be decomposed into bio economy efficiency change (BEC), and Bio Economic technological change (BTC) components.An empirical analysis, involving 7 Central American countries-level during 1980-2007, is provided using DEA methods. The results have shown a positive annual growth in bio economy total factor productivity of 1.1 percent.  This change is explained by 0.03 percent per year in the bio economy efficiency change (or bio economy catch-up) and bio economy technical change (or bio ethanol frontier-shift) is providing 0.09 percent.

scholarly journals Economic efficiency of innovation in the restoration of soil resources in organic agricultural production

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kachanova ◽  
Anatoly Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
High Yields

The intensification of the use of the main means of agricultural production dictates the need to restore and increase soil fertility. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological basis for calculating the economic efficiency of innovation in the restoration of soil resources in organic agricultural production with an assessment of its practical implementation in the conditions of arid agriculture in the south of Russia. To prevent the loss of a significant part of soil resources, their restoration, an innovative approach to organotransformation in the restoration of soil resources has been developed. The proposed approach allows integrating organic farming and animal husbandry with the processes of restoration of soil resources for the implementation of organotransformation of soil formers in degraded soil resources. In the methodology for determining the economic efficiency of the innovative approach of organotransformation, five modifications are proposed. The implementation of the recommended modification provides for the lowest costs for the restoration of soil resources, a sufficient level of fertility for obtaining high yields, the net income is about 27 thousand rubles/ha or 454 rubles/c. The application of the developed approach confirms the economic feasibility of innovation in the agricultural sector of the economy in organic agriculture.

scholarly journals RICE-FISH FARMING SYSTEM IN LAMONGAN, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA: SWOT AND PROFIT EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Dyah Nurhidayati ◽  
Wen-Chi Huang ◽  
Nuhfil Hanani ◽  
S Sujarwo
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Rice Fish ◽  
The Cost

The agricultural sector needs to make breakthroughs in the design of production systems to improve farmers' income and operation efficiency. One of the ways is to redesign rice production methods by applying a rice-fish farming system. Lamongan has a different system that combines rice cultivation with vannamei shrimp. Due to the limitation of farmers, the efficiency of the system has not yet reached the optimal level. This study describes the rice-fish farming system, identifies the SWOT and generated the grand strategy matrix, and analyzed the profit efficiency using Stochastic Frontier Analysis. The results showed that the strengths and opportunities are more influential, where the position was in the quadrant I; which means it is in a good strategic position. Meanwhile, the input factors which significantly influence profit where the cost of paddy seed, the cost of organic fertilizer, the cost of inorganic fertilizer, the cost of pesticide, and the cost of shrimp feed. The profit efficiency analysis shows that respondents engaged in this system did not efficiently allocate inputs and production cost factors appropriately. The average profit efficiency level was 78.05 percent; it means that there were still opportunities to increase profits from the system by 21.5 percent.

scholarly journals A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Maize Production Under Minimum Tillage in Zambia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ng'ombe ◽  
Thomson Kalinda
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Minimum Tillage

<p>Minimum tillage and other conservation agriculture practices are not only associated with income gains but are also claimed to be the panacea to the declining agricultural productivity and soil degradation problems in Africa and across the world. The few studies on technical efficiency related to the agricultural sector performance in Zambia have not attempted to determine how technically efficient smallholder farmers that produce maize under minimum tillage are. This study used stochastic frontier analysis based on both the half-normal and exponential model distributions on 2008 cross-sectional nationally representative data of 160 smallholder maize farm households that adopted minimum tillage in Zambia. Results indicate that maize farmers face increasing returns to scale (1.074) implying that there were opportunities for them to improve their technical efficiency as they were operating in stage I of their production functions. The half-normal and exponential model distributions indicate average technical efficiency scores of 60 and 71.7 percent, respectively. Their respective lowest efficiency scores were 9.3 and 8.5 percent. The highest efficiency scores for the half-normal and exponential model distributions were 89.3 and 90.9 percent. Maximum likelihood estimation results show that marital status, level of education of household head, square of household size, off farm income, agro-ecological region III, distance to vehicular road and access to loans are statistically significant factors that affect technical efficiency of smallholder maize farmers that practice minimum tillage in Zambia. The study calls for increased infrastructural development through construction of improved road network, schools and colleges in remote areas as a means to increasing accesss to knowledge and other agricultural services in order to enhance their technical efficiency levels. It also recommends promotion of minimum tillage practices in recommended agro-ecological regions to improve their technical efficiency. The study further acclaims for increased access to loans by smallholder maize farmers that practice minimum tillage as this would in one way induce them to invest in improved varieties and equipment that would help enhance their technical efficiency in Zambia.</p>

scholarly journals Directed technological change, energy and more: a modern story

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-633
Author(s):  
Zheng Hou ◽  
Catarina Roseta-Palma ◽  
Joaquim J.S. Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Theoretical Expectation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Directed Technological Change

AbstractReliance of modern economic activities on the use of energy, most of which still comes from non-renewable sources, provokes concerns regarding the most efficient utilization of energy inputs in production. While most theory expects directed technological change to be biased towards the non-renewable input, there is rare macro-level evidence that technological change is actually biased towards energy rather than other main inputs. To fill this gap, we apply stochastic frontier analysis to country data regarding output produced with capital, labor and energy, and estimate a set of indicators for technological change. Findings show that technological change is biased the most towards energy in general. In particular, although different groups of countries exhibit various patterns, there is strong evidence that technological change favors energy more than labor. This is in line with the theoretical expectation that technological change ought to be biased towards the non-renewable input rather than the renewable ones.

scholarly journals Efficiency Of Biomass Production – Methodological Approaches

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Svetlanská ◽  
Natália Turčeková ◽  
Izabela Adamičková
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
On Farm

Abstract The article investigates methodological approaches towards economic efficiency, which may be applicable in case of biomass production with emphasis on agricultural biomass production – energy crops. The selected methods are: parametric stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA), which are suitable for efficiency measurement in agriculture. The study is organized in four sections. Introduction provides brief report on issues related to biomass production and term efficiency. Both methods (models) are shortly described in the material and methods chapter. In this part, bio-economy efficiency is shortly depicted as a modification of environmental efficiency. The results and discussion part explains limitations of models, inputs and outputs in terms of biomass production. The conclusion sums up the application of models. The results suggest the use of SFA on sector level and the use of DEA on farm level or regions basis.

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