scholarly journals Economic efficiency of innovation in the restoration of soil resources in organic agricultural production

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kachanova ◽  
Anatoly Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
High Yields

The intensification of the use of the main means of agricultural production dictates the need to restore and increase soil fertility. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological basis for calculating the economic efficiency of innovation in the restoration of soil resources in organic agricultural production with an assessment of its practical implementation in the conditions of arid agriculture in the south of Russia. To prevent the loss of a significant part of soil resources, their restoration, an innovative approach to organotransformation in the restoration of soil resources has been developed. The proposed approach allows integrating organic farming and animal husbandry with the processes of restoration of soil resources for the implementation of organotransformation of soil formers in degraded soil resources. In the methodology for determining the economic efficiency of the innovative approach of organotransformation, five modifications are proposed. The implementation of the recommended modification provides for the lowest costs for the restoration of soil resources, a sufficient level of fertility for obtaining high yields, the net income is about 27 thousand rubles/ha or 454 rubles/c. The application of the developed approach confirms the economic feasibility of innovation in the agricultural sector of the economy in organic agriculture.

scholarly journals Economic substantiation of expediency of production of niche cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032095
Author(s):  
T Mirzoieva ◽  
O Nechyporenko ◽  
A Chupriak ◽  
B Avramchuk ◽  
V Heraimovych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Product Output

Abstract The article presents a study which concerns the development of production of niche crops in conjunction with the development of animal husbandry. In particular, the expedience of introducing such a niche crop as horse beans (fodder) into the diet of pigs is substantiated on the example of a specific enterprise, typical for the agricultural sector of Ukraine. It is estimated that this will increase the efficiency of swine breeding product output and, indirectly, the efficiency of growing beans. Beside this, at the request of today regarding of the need to reduce the cost of agricultural production, a possible increase in economic efficiency of horse bean production at the expense of resources in accordance with the existing Technological maps of crops was simulated. It is estimated that by laying down production costs according to the technological map, it is possible to obtain increased yields, increased profits and profitability. It is substantiated that together the obtained results can be considered as a possible tool of balanced and complex development of agricultural production in the context of food security in the world.

scholarly journals DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS OF NATIONAL AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Aigul Aldungarovna Aitpaeva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
System Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Country Formation

The article focuses on the importance of digitization of agriculture for rising the competitiveness of the domestic agro-industrial complex (AIC). In order to obtain an objective picture of APC nowadays, there have been analyzed the supplies of the staples in the Russian Federation and revealed the problems with producing milk, beef, fruit and vegetables of sheltered ground. It is stated that today Russia is actively implementing import substitution strategies in the sectors of the national economy including the agricultural sector. The main purpose of functioning of the national AIC has been determined as ensuring the parameters of food security for the population of Russia. There are considered the burning issues on achieving food self-sufficiency, the solution of which lies in increasing the competitiveness of the national AIC. The emphasis is placed on the need to transfer agricultural production to the ecological and economic principles of management and the rational distribution of using all types of resources. It has been recommended to assess the soil-climatic and economic potential of the territory in order to identify the priorities of food self-sufficiency for basic types of food in all regions of the country. Formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for creating competitive advantages of AIC helps to develop agricultural production on the innovative basis and to ensure the long-lasting food security at the federal level. The factors increasing AIC competitiveness are: economic soil fertility, usable agricultural areas, optimization of the structure of sown areas, system development of fodder production and animal husbandry, digitization of agriculture, etc. There have been analyzed the problems of insufficient digital prevalence in agriculture; the role of digitalization in achieving the parameters of food security is substantiated. The study results can be used to improve the mechanism of ensuring food security for the population of Russia.

scholarly journals Ecological Consequences of the Digitization of Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3C) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Production Processes

The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of agricultural digitization in the context of sustainable development of society. The levels of digitization of agricultural production have been determined. The basic digital technologies used in agriculture in the context of separate production processes are considered. It is established that the digitization of the agricultural sector of the economy contributes not only to improving the economic efficiency of functioning and competitiveness of the industry, but also allows reducing the burden on natural resources and the environment as a whole.

scholarly journals ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТВАРИННИЦТВА В НАПРЯМКУ ВИДІЛЕННЯ КОЗІВНИЦТВА ТА ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ЙОГО В АГРАРНЕ ВИРОБНИЦТВО

2019 ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Iryna Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
Goat Farming ◽  
Livestock Development

The purpose of the articleis to justify the innovative foundations of an approach to regulating livestock development in the context of highlighting goat farming as a strategic industry. Methodologythe research is to use methods: economic-statistical, systemic, abstract-logical. The scientific novelty the results obtained are to improve the regulatory instruments of goat development in the context of a sectoral economic assessment of development. Conclusions. The economic feasibility of integrating goat farming into agricultural production is substantiated. Conclusions.regulation; tools; branch; animal husbandry; goat farming; lactose-free dairy products; types of economic activity.

MEASURING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY OF RESOURCE AND THE TECHNICAL CHANGE OF AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES IN IRAQ USING SFA AND DEA FOR THE PERIOD 2005-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1117
Author(s):  
Ali & Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Total Productivity

The research aims to measure the economic efficiency and technological change and the total productivity of resources using the parameter and non-parameter methods, for agricultural companies registered in the Iraqi stock exchange, the number of 6 companies for the period from 2005 to 2017 based on the hypothesis that the  agricultural companies do not achieve economic efficiency and does not control the management of its operations, and It may be technically efficient but the size of its operations is not optimal. From non-parametric methods, the data envelope analysis method was used. Using the DEAP program, the Middle East Company achieved the highest average technical and cost efficiency of 0.62 and 0.58, respectively. The Iraqi seed production company achieved the highest average efficiency of 0.66. Using Al- Malmquist Index, the National Company for Agricultural Production achieved the highest rate of change in the total productivity of resources and the highest change in the technical efficiency respectively 1.97 and 2.28, while the Modern company for agricultural production obtained the highest technological change averaging 1.14. A stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) technique was used; logarithmic TL function was estimated using FRONT software. The maximum likelihood method (ML) shows that the capital was increased by 1%, the value of production of companies will increase by 0.22% because it helps to take advantage of the advanced technology that these companies are supposed to work to localize and support the agricultural sector. The cross-elasticity between labor and capital was 0.67 which indicates the nature of the substitution relationship between the two items, because using the technology reduces the workers. The value of sigma-squared was 0.21.

ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Ivanova ◽  
Tatiana N. Chernysheva ◽  
Aleksandr V. Prokopiev ◽  
Anna A. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Special Position ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Agriculture Development

The article presents a forecast for agriculture development in the Chuvash Republic up to 2022 according to three scenarios: optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic. Agriculture occupies a special position in the region's economy and is a system-forming industry. The share of agriculture in the gross regional product makes 9%, which is significantly higher than in other regions of the country, and the share of residents living in rural areas is 36.6%. Structurally, the agriculture of the Chuvash Republic is quite balanced. During the study period from 2010–2019, significant positive changes in the industry can be noted. Thus, the production of basic agricultural products increased by 1.93, and the gross output of basic crops increased by 2.16. However, despite the positive trends, there are still problems in certain areas. The production of the animal husbandry main products during the study period decreased by 135.6 thousand tons; the agricultural machinery fleet in agricultural organizations decreased by 1.97; the number of livestock decreased by 147.3 thousand heads. In order to predict future changes in the industry, the authors, based on the dynamics of indicators for 2010–2019 that characterize agricultural production in the Chuvash Republic, and using the Excel program, proposed three options for the development of the situation for 2020–2022 – optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic. Studies have shown that a pessimistic development scenario is more likely to be implemented, which requires immediate corrective actions in the agricultural sector of the Chuvash Republic.

Economic analysis of the use of land resources in the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Territory, taking into account the natural potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Б.А. Хахук ◽  
Н.А. Дьякова ◽  
А.А. Кушу
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Different Levels

В статье представлен анализ земельного фонда территории Краснодарского края, его распределение по категориям земель и угодьям за 2011-2020 гг.; рассмотрены основные землепользователи и характерные для региона основные организационно-правовые формы. Приведена характеристика и оценка природно-климатических (природно-сельскохозяйственных) зон края. Представлен анализ наиболее выращиваемых культур в аграрной сфере Южного федерального округа и региона: зерновых и зернобобовых, подсолнечника и сахарной свеклы, а также их вклад в аграрную экономику и производство сельскохозяйственной продукции страны. Отдельно рассмотрены высокоинтенсивные и редкие культуры, выращиваемые в регионе, возделывание которых в различных природно-климатических зонах Краснодарского края находится на разных уровнях экономической эффективности. The article presents an analysis of the land fund of the territory of the Krasnodar Territory, its distribution by land categories and land for 2011-2020; the main land users and the main organizational and legal forms characteristic of the region are considered. The characteristic and assessment of the natural-climatic (natural-agricultural) zones of the region is given. The article presents an analysis of the most cultivated crops in the agricultural sector of the Southern Federal District and the region: cereals and legumes, sunflower and sugar beet, as well as their contribution to the agricultural economy and agricultural production of the country. The high-intensity and rare crops grown in the region, the cultivation of which in different natural and climatic zones of the Krasnodar Territory is at different levels of economic efficiency, are considered separately.

Broad beans are perspective leguminous forage crops

10.12737/2223 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Таланов ◽  
Ivan Talanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Cost

The articles offers the results of studies on the effect of sowing methods, seeding rates and backgrounds supply on yield and economic efficiency of broad bean cultivation for seeds. Increase seeding rate of 0.4 to 0.8 million units per hectare, regardless of sowing methods, increased the content of crude protein at 2.5-3.3 %. Similar changes occurred in the sugar content of the grain. In contrast, with increasing seeding rate, in wide-space sowing and calculated doses of fertilizers usage, resulted in a decrease of crude fiber, fat and ash. Adding the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers at planting in wide-space sowing with a rowing space of 45 cm and seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare provides about 10 thousand rubles per hectare, and the profitability level was 78 percent. Formation of high yields of green mass (41.0 tons per hectare) and grain ( 2.34 tons per hectare) of broad bean noted, when adding calculated doses of mineral fertilizers at wide-space sowing method with a seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare. I this way, we can see the high net income ( 9742.8 rubles per hectare), the level of profitability (78.0 %) and the cost of 1 ton of grain (5336.4 rubles per ton). The calculations of economic efficiency of fodder beans cultivation for grain showed that a high profitability obtained by making calculated doses of fertilizers, with a rowing method of sowing and seed rate of 0.7 million units per hectare was 59.4 %, while in wide-space sowing (45 and 60 cm) with a seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare was 78.0%.

scholarly journals Investment providing of jobs creation in agrarian sphere

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Lanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Abstract ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Conducting Research

Topicality. In the economic mechanism of regulation of the labor market in the agrarian sphere is of great importance for forecasting and balancing supply and demand for labor, depending on the volume of agricultural production and the corresponding formation of real investment in job creation in the branch. Therefore, the direction of research of investment processes and employment of the population in the agricultural sphere is relevant. Formulation of the problem. Investment processes in agriculture of Ukraine should provide reproductive processes in the branch, improve the structure of means of production and attract workers to enterprises. At present, there is a rapid reduction in labor force in the agrarian sphere, but there are not enough alternative jobs in the countryside, which increases migration flows in the country. The current urgent task of the state is to create conditions for investing in the creation of jobs in the agrarian sphere to ensure rational employment of the population and food security of the country, etc. The subject of research covers the social and labor aspects of investing in agricultural production. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the directions, terms, volumes and sources of investment in creating jobs in the agricultural sector. Methods of conducting research: abstract-logical, systematic approach, balance, monographic, statistical-economic, economic-mathematical, calculation-constructive methods. Results of the work: quantitative indicators of increase of formal employment of the population in the agrarian and other sectors of the economy and corresponding prognostic scenarios due to activation of investment and reproduction processes in the industry are substantiated; directions, volumes, terms, sources of investment in production of products in agricultural enterprises and improvement of the mechanism of their state support are determined. Practical implementation: formation of investment policy at state, branch and enterprise levels of economy, process of development of state and local programs of promotion of employment of population, agrarian and rural development. Conclusions: activation of investment in labor-intensive production of agricultural products while attracting public and private capital investments in the industry will ensure rational employment of the population in the agrarian sphere, will promote the development of agrarian social and labor relations.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY OF SEGMENTATION OF THE REGIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY ACCORDING TO THE CONDITION OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Prodanova ◽  
Yuliia Khoroshun
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Two Parameters

The article proposes a methodical approach to segmenting the regions of the national economy by the state of the agricultural sector. The assessment of the state of the agricultural sector of the regions and their segmentation was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, two parameters are set for evaluation and segmentation: the volume of agricultural production in farms of all categories and the number of employed population in agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The level of each region according to the selected parameters (high or low) was determined relative to their average value. As a result, four groups of regions were obtained: with significant volumes of agricultural production and with a significant number of employees; with insignificant volumes of production and with a significant number of employees; with significant production volumes and a small number of employees; with insignificant volumes of production and with insignificant number of employees. In the second stage, evaluation and segmentation were conducted to determine the specialization of the agricultural sector of the regions (livestock, crop production). Grouping by relevant specialization is carried out according to the following parameters: the number of enterprises engaged in agricultural activities; the number of employees in enterprises engaged in agricultural activities; agricultural products per capita; sown areas of crops; gross harvest of cereals and legumes; gross harvest of sunflower, potatoes, vegetables, fruit and berry crops; raising farm animals; production of meat, milk, eggs and wool. The ratings of the regions of the national economy were determined for each of the indicators selected for analysis, and then the arithmetic mean of these ratings was calculated. According to the results of the analysis of the calculated average values of regional ratings for indicators that separately characterize the development of crop production and livestock development, Vinnytsia, Poltava, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Lviv and Khmelnytsky regions are almost equally focused on both crop and livestock production - they occupy almost identical positions in two different ratings; the agricultural sector of such regions as Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Kirovohrad, Chernihiv and Mykolayiv specializes in crop production; the agricultural sector of Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, and Volyn oblasts is mostly focused on animal husbandry.

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