QUALITY CONTROL TOOLS IN THE ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 CAUSED PROBLEMS

Quality control tools are taught in engineering careers to analyze and try to solve problems in the production of goods and in the performance of service businesses. Those tools can be used to analyze and understand many problems. The coronavirus pandemic has caused many problems around the world, like many people infected in people’s agglomerations in public transportation, in celebrations like parties, in political rallies and in public markets because of the people not wearing masks. A Pareto diagram clearly shows the most dangerous comorbidities in case of covid-19 infection. A lot of doctors and nurses have been contagious around the world in many cases because of lack of protection materials for them, hopefully health and safety procedures (check lists) and Poka Yoke devices are being created and implemented to reduced contagion. In this paper we identified and analyzed some covid-19 caused problems using basic quality control tools and for some cases we proposed solutions to them. Examples of a Pareto Diagram in analyzing the death rate in age ranges is used to explain the decrement in deaths in the United States of America if certain age groups are first vaccinated, an Ishikawa Diagram is used to analyze the ineffective distant learning in Mexico, a Check List is elaborated to avoid contagion in shopping and a Dispersion Diagram is used to find a relation between the number of contagious and the number of deaths in many countries of the world. Some other tools are briefly explained and some problems which could be analyzed with those are identified. The examples could enhance the interest of the students in learning the usefulness of those tools in a variety of fields.

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Promoting Savings for Financial Resilience: Expanding the Psychological Perspective

Current Directions in Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/0963721420979603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 49-54

Author(s):

Crystal C. Hall

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Science ◽

The United States ◽

Future Research ◽

Financial Security ◽

Psychological Perspective ◽

Psychological Science ◽

Policy Interventions ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Personal Savings

In the United States, the lack of personal savings has been a perennial concern in the world of public policy. Policymakers and other practitioners constantly struggle with how to encourage families to accumulate funds in preparation for inevitable, but often unpredictable, financial emergencies. The field of applied behavioral science has attempted to address this challenge—often with mixed or modest results. I argue that psychological science (personality and social psychology in particular) offers underappreciated insights into the design and implementation of policy interventions to improve the rate of individual savings. In this article, I briefly discuss examples of prior interventions that have attempted to increase saving and then lay out some opportunities that have not been deeply explored. Future research in this area should broaden and deepen the way that psychology is leveraged as a tool to improve the financial security of the people who are the most vulnerable.

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Text of Resolution Which Entered the United States into World War

Journal of Education ◽

10.1177/002205741708501704 ◽

1917 ◽

Vol 85 (17) ◽

pp. 455-456

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

House Of Representatives ◽

United States Of America ◽

The United States ◽

World War ◽

German Government ◽

The People ◽

Successful Termination ◽

The World ◽

The Government

The following is the text of the resolutions which officially entered the United States into the world war:— “Whereas the imperial German government has committed repeated acts of war against the government and the people of the United States of America; therefore be it “Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in congress assembled, that the state of war between the United States and the imperial German government, which has thus been thrust upon the United States, is hereby formally declared; and that the President be and he is hereby authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of the government to carry on war against the imperial German government; and to bring the conflict to a successful termination all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the United States.”

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Engaging for Puerto Rico: #RickyRenuncia (and #RickySeQueda) during El Verano del 19 and digital identities

10.31235/osf.io/wdk9u ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Danilo T Perez-Rivera ◽

Christopher Torres Lugo ◽

Alexis R Santos-Lozada

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Puerto Rico ◽

Social Activism ◽

The United States ◽

The Political ◽

Digital Revolution ◽

The People ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Puerto Rican Diaspora

Between July 13-24, 2019 the people of Puerto Rico took the streets after a series of corruption scandals shocked the political establishment. The social uprising resulted in the ousting of the Governor of Puerto Rico (Dr. Ricardo Rosselló, Ricky), the resignation of the majority of his staff something unprecedented in the history of Puerto Rico; this period has been called El Verano del 19 (Summer of 19). Social media played a crucial role in both the organization and dissemination of the protests, marches, and other activities that occurred within this period. Puerto Ricans in the island and around the world engaged in this social movement through the digital revolution mainly under the hashtag #RickyRenuncia (Ricky Resign), with a small counter movement under the hashtag #RickySeQueda (Ricky will stay). The purpose of this study is to illustrate the magnitude and grass roots nature of the political movement’s social media presence, as well as their characteristics of the population of both movements and their structures. We found that #RickyRenuncia was used approximately one million times in the period of analysis while #RickySeQueda barely reached 6,000 tweets. Particularly, the pervasiveness of cliques in the #RickySeQueda show concentrations of authority dedicated to its propagation, whilst the #RickyRenuncia propagation was much more distributed and decentralized with little to no interaction between significant nodes of authority. Noteworthy was the role of the Puerto Rican diaspora in the United States of America and around the world, contributing close to 40% of all geo-located tweets. Finally, we found that the Twitter followers of the former governor had indicators of being composed of two distinct populations: 1) those active in social media and 2) those who follow the account but who are not active participants of the social network. We discuss the implications of these findings on the interpretation of emergence, structure and dissemination of social activism and countermovement to these activities in the context of Puerto Rico.

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Premature mortality attributable to COVID-19: potential years of life lost in 17 countries around the world, January–August 2020

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-12377-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maider Pagola Ugarte ◽

Souzana Achilleos ◽

Annalisa Quattrocchi ◽

John Gabel ◽

Ourania Kolokotroni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Cape Verde ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Demographic Groups ◽

The World ◽

The Usa ◽

Research Consortium ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Understanding the impact of the burden of COVID-19 is key to successfully navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a larger investigation on COVID-19 mortality impact, this study aims to estimate the Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) in 17 countries and territories across the world (Australia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Peru, Norway, England & Wales, Scotland, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United States [USA]). Methods Age- and sex-specific COVID-19 death numbers from primary national sources were collected by an international research consortium. The study period was established based on the availability of data from the inception of the pandemic to the end of August 2020. The PYLL for each country were computed using 80 years as the maximum life expectancy. Results As of August 2020, 442,677 (range: 18–185,083) deaths attributed to COVID-19 were recorded in 17 countries which translated to 4,210,654 (range: 112–1,554,225) PYLL. The average PYLL per death was 8.7 years, with substantial variation ranging from 2.7 years in Australia to 19.3 PYLL in Ukraine. North and South American countries as well as England & Wales, Scotland and Sweden experienced the highest PYLL per 100,000 population; whereas Australia, Slovenia and Georgia experienced the lowest. Overall, males experienced higher PYLL rate and higher PYLL per death than females. In most countries, most of the PYLL were observed for people aged over 60 or 65 years, irrespective of sex. Yet, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Israel, Peru, Scotland, Ukraine, and the USA concentrated most PYLL in younger age groups. Conclusions Our results highlight the role of PYLL as a tool to understand the impact of COVID-19 on demographic groups within and across countries, guiding preventive measures to protect these groups under the ongoing pandemic. Continuous monitoring of PYLL is therefore needed to better understand the burden of COVID-19 in terms of premature mortality.

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Introduction

Concussion Care Manual ◽

10.1093/med/9780190054793.003.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 3-4

Author(s):

David L. Brody

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

The United States ◽

Medical Providers ◽

Post Concussion Syndrome ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Taking Care

This manual is for everyone who treats people with concussion. There are more than 3 million brain injuries each year in the United States and millions more around the world. Most of these injuries are concussions. After concussion, 30% or maybe even more can have prolonged symptoms and deficits. Much of this manual is written for the people who take care of the 30%. There is not one specific “post-concussion syndrome.” Instead, there are many post-concussive paths, and this manual is written to help those who are tasked with figuring this out, one patient at a time. This manual is about pragmatic approaches to taking care of patients in the absence of true scientific evidence. This manual is written to be used “on the fly,” right now, without a lot of prior studying or memorization. This manual is meant to supplement, not replace, the knowledge and judgment of medical providers caring for concussion patients.

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English as lingua franca: Double talk in global persuasion. Karin Dovring. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997. Pp. 153.

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716400234073 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 563-566

Author(s):

Marcyliena Morgan

Keyword(s):

Language Contact ◽

The United States ◽

National Language ◽

World Language ◽

Technology Industry ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Ideological Influence ◽

Contact Language ◽

Mary Louise Pratt

As we journey into the new millennium, few among us would bother to argue against the importance of English as a world language, especially considering its role in technology, industry, and politics. Many people of the world are introduced to English as a modern version of a contact language, since the need to know it occurs simultaneously with the need for specific knowledge (to negotiate borders and so on). Of course, there is much to the story of language contact. As Mary Louise Pratt (1992) observed, contact situations are often catastrophic events involving power relations that include conquerors and the conquered, intermediaries, onlookers, and more. The position of English as a national language in many countries and its worldwide influence have occurred within the context of civil wars, political negotiation, constant transmigration, globalization, and the formulation and reconstruction of nationalist ideologies and identities. Though the nature of today's contact may seem benign, its result may still be catastrophic and have far-reaching consequences, as the ideology and practices that accompany English may not complement all societies and situations. Today, the United States often represents the global influence of English, and as America becomes the symbol of border and civil war negotiation and policing, technology, art, conflict and power, so too does English. Predictably, the people and polities throughout the world wrestle with America's ideological influence by participating in the invigoration and transformation of English to suit their needs.

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THE DECLINE OF TUBERCULOSIS MORTALITY IN SPECIFIC AGE GROUPS IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE ABSENCE OF THIS DECLINE IN YOUNG WOMEN AFTER THE WORLD WAR1

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118568 ◽

1939 ◽

Vol 30-SectionA (3) ◽

pp. 63-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

GEORG WOLFF

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Young Women ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

The World ◽

Tuberculosis Mortality

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Integrity Testing in Poland — Issues, Experience and Practical Comments

Internal Security ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.2271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 67-84

Author(s):

Piotr Hac

Keyword(s):

Great Britain ◽

The United States ◽

Public Institutions ◽

Personal Knowledge ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Integrity Testing ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Integrity Tests ◽

Hitting the Brakes: Toyota in Crisis

The CASE Journal ◽

10.1108/tcj-07-2011-b004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 114-136

Author(s):

John A. Parnell ◽

John E. Spillan ◽

Marlon R. McPhattar ◽

Donald L. Lester

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

The United States ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Warning Signs ◽

United States Government ◽

Vehicle Safety ◽

Early Warning Signs ◽

The World ◽

States Government ◽

Negative Publicity

The decade from 2000 until 2010 was a turbulent time for Toyota Motor Company. The carmaker came under significant criticism from the United States government, consumers throughout the world, and media critics amid allegations of poor quality control and vehicle safety concerns. Problems with accelerators and brake systems were found on several of its most popular models, a situation initially exacerbated by the slow and somewhat tentative response from top management. Toyota was accused of not addressing early warning signs that appeared several years before the crisis received intense negative publicity. Toyota struggled to retain the confidence of consumers and governmental regulators, eventually recalling approximately eight million automobiles.

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A plain language summary of how well the single-dose Janssen vaccine works and how safe it is

Future Virology ◽

10.2217/fvl-2021-0199 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

J Sadoff ◽

F Struyf ◽

M Douoguih

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Single Dose ◽

New England ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Plain Language ◽

The People ◽

Experienced Pain ◽

Blood Clots ◽

America South

This is a summary of a publication about the ENSEMBLE trial of the Janssen Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against COVID-19, which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in April 2021. The ENSEMBLE study started in September 2020 and is still ongoing. The study compared the effectiveness of the vaccine to a placebo in 43,783 adults from Latin America, South Africa, and the United States. Of those, 19,630 got a single dose of the vaccine. Compared to the placebo, the vaccine prevented: 66.9% of moderate to severe–critical COVID-19 cases after 14 days 66.1% of moderate to severe–critical COVID-19 cases after 28 days 85.4% of severe COVID-19 cases after 28 days 100% of people with severe COVID-19 from needing to go to hospital for treatment None of the vaccinated participants died from COVID-19. There were 5 people who got the placebo who died from COVID-19. The vaccine was similarly effective in people from all age groups and different countries, including South Africa, where most cases were caused by the beta variant of the virus that originated there. The people in the study who got the vaccine who went on to get COVID-19 generally had milder and fewer symptoms than those who got the placebo. In most people, the vaccine started working after about 2 weeks. After receiving the vaccine, some people experienced pain at the injection site, headache, tiredness, muscle pain, and nausea. In most cases, these were mild and went away within a few days. Serious side effects were very rare. Blood clots, seizures, and tinnitus were very rare but were more common in the people who got the vaccine than in those who got the placebo. At the time of the study, it was not clear if these were caused by the vaccine or not. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT number: NCT04505722 .

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