scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Propolis Lebah Trigona (Trigona Spp) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes Penyebab Jerawat

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Denia Pratiwi ◽  
Isna Wardaniati
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Active Substances

Bacterial resistence is one of the global problems  both in developed countries and devoloping countries. The high cases of resistence to antibiotics require the discovery of new active  substances such as antibiotics agents. Therefore, to prevent the occurence of bacterial resistance to antibacterials need to be developed research in the disovery of new drugs derived from nature one of them is propolis. Propolis is a substance produced by bees  to protect the nest from variety of threats, either unfavorable environmental threats or other organism attacks. One of type of bee that produces propolis is Trigona bee ( Trigona spp). The type of chemical  compounds contained in propolis  are very complex, among others alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin and tannin. This research is laboratory experimental study that aim to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Trigona spp bee propolis against Propionibacterium acnes by disc diffusion methode. The concentration of ethanol extract of propolis used was 10 %, 20%, 30 %, 40 % with positif positive using clindamycin. From the result of the research, the inhibitory power of of ethanol extract of Trigona spp bee propolis with concentration 10 %, 20 %, 30 % dan 40 % is 11,7 mm, 12,3 mm, 13,6 mm and 14, 3 mm.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Eugenia dysenterica DC (MYRTACEAE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Thaís Paula Rodrigues GONÇALVES ◽  
William Gustavo LIMA ◽  
Izabela Caputo Assis SILVA ◽  
Adriano Guimarães PARREIRA ◽  
Luciana Alves Rodrigues dos Santos LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Eugenia Dysenterica ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

The large variety of plant specimens found in Brazil with still unexplored medicinal potential, combined with the increase in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials traditionally employed, opens an important field of research aimed at prospecting new drugs. In this context the objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of Eugenia dysenterica and to characterize its phytochemical profile. Ethanolic extracts were obtained by drying, grinding, turbo-extraction and lyophilization of the leaves of the plant. The CIM and CBM tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential on the following strains: Proteus mirabilis ATCC 15290, Echerichia coli ATCC25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 and Staphylococcus epidermides ATCC 12228. E. dysenterica presented bactericidal action at 2mg.ml-1 against S. aureus and bacteriostatic at 1mg.ml-1 against P. mirabilis. Several phenolic compounds were detected in the phytochemical screening, and the presence of these compounds may justify the biological potential of this plant.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Kacapiring Leaf Ethanol Extract (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) on the Bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes

MEDULA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuralifah Nuralifah ◽  
Fery Indradewi Armadani ◽  
Ni Nyoman Fitri Astari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plate Technique ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis ◽  
Inhibitory Power

ABSTRACTBackground and Objective(s): Infection is the process of entering pathogenic bacteria or microorganisms into the body capable of causing disease. Bacterial infections can cause skin infections such as acne. Acne is inflammation that is accompanied by blockage of the oil glands of the skin and hair (pilosebasea duct). Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a plant that empirically can be used to treat infectious diseases caused by bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of the extracts of kacapiring leaves (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. Methods: Making extracts was done by maceration method  using  96% ethanol. The concentrations of extracts  used  were 5%, 10% and  15%,  with chloramphenicol and clindamycin as positive controls and distilled water as negative controls. Antibacterial activity was tested by the Cup-plate technique. Results: The antibacterial activity of kacapiring leaves ethanol extract to S. aureus showed that at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% the inhibitory power diameters values were respectively 5.58 mm, 9.3 mm and 11.41 mm while the antibacterial activity of extracts kacapiring leaves ethanol to P. acnes bacteria at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% had inhibitory power diameters of 6.33 mm, 9.25 mm and 11 mm respectively. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of kacapiring leaves has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. At a concentration of 5% and 10%, it shows the moderate category and at a concentration of 15% shows a strong category.Keywords: antibacterial, cup-plate technique , gardenia jasminoides

scholarly journals Formulation of Anti Acne Sheet Mask from Bandotan Leaf Extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) against Propionibacterium acnes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6-S) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Pricella Ginting ◽  
Leny Leny ◽  
Ihsanul Hafiz ◽  
Romauli Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
The One

Acne can occur due to increased sebum excretion, inflammation of the skin triggered by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the formulation of sheet mask preparations of bandotan leaf extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. This type of research is an experimental study which include plant identification, making ethanol extract of bandotan leaves, making sheet mask formulations, evaluating the characteristics of the preparation and testing antibacterial activity using disc paper method using Mueller Hinton Agar media. The extract was carried out by maceration using 70% ethanol as a solvent. Testing the effectiveness of antibacterial by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone, after that the data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA statistical test. The results of the evaluation of the preparation showed that the preparation was homogenous, with pH ranging from 4.5 to 6.5 and the preparation did not cause irritation on volunteers skin. The results of the inhibition zone measurements showed that the inhibition zones at 2.5% concentration is 4.7mm, 5% (6.83mm), 7.5% (10.2mm) and positive control (20.57mm). This means that the higher the concentration, the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone obtained. The conclusion in this study is bandotan leaf extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) can be formulated into anti acne sheet mask which is stable during storage with a strong inhibitory power at 7.5% concentration, which is 10.2 mm. Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides L., bandotan leaf, Propionibacterium acnes, sheet mask

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SANGITAN (Sambucus javanica Reinw) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Eschericia coli DAN Salmonella thypi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Eva Sartika Dasopang
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Leaf Part

Leaves of sangitan (Sambucus javanica Reinw) are often found but noticed. The leaf part of the sangitan plant is used to treat swelling, insecticides, antidiarrheal, antiinfectives, wounds, smoothing the skin as it contains flavonoid chemical compounds, glycosides, anthracton glycosides, saponins, steroids / triterpenoids and tannins. Screening results of ethanol extract of sour leaves (SambucusjavanicaReinw) contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, glikosida, antrakinon glycosides, saponins, steroids / triterpenoids and tannins. The extraction of sangitan leaves was done by maceration using 96% ethanol. Examination of antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of sangitan leaves was done in vitro by diffusion method of wells with concentrations of 500, 400, 300, 200 and 100 mg / ml. This study used cotrimosazole as a comparator and 96% ethanol as a negative control. The extract of ethanol leaves sangitan showed anti bacterial activity against bacteria Eschericia coli and Salmonella thypi at concentration 500 mg / ml respectively 16,11 mm and 17,04 mm which is classified strong but when compared with antibiotic cotrimosazole 10 mg / ml visible diameter of inhibit ethanol extract Leaves sangitan still much lower that is 30,35 mm in bacterium Eschericia coli and 33,15 mm in Salmonella thypi bacteria whereas ethanol extract do not show inhibitory power.

New Drugs for Thromboembolic Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jose L Merino ◽  
Jose López-Sendón ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Risk Patients

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia and its prevalence is increasing in developed countries. This progressive increase and the negative impact of this arrhythmia on the patient’s prognosis make AF one of the main healthcare problems faced today. This has led to intense research into the main aspects of AF, one of them being thromboembolism prevention. AF patients have a four to five times higher risk of stroke than the general population. Several factors increase thromboembolic risk in patients with AF and the use of risk scores, such as the Congestive Heart Failure, Hypertension, Age Greater than 75, Diabetes, and Prior Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHADS2), have been used to identify the best candidates for anticoagulation. Antithrombotic drugs are the mainstay of therapy for embolic prevention. The clinical use of these drugs is based on the risk–benefit ratio, where benefit is the reduction of stroke and systemic embolic events and risk is mostly driven by the increase in bleeding events. Generally, antiplatelets are indicated for low-risk patients in light of the fact anticoagulants are the drug of choice for moderate- or high-risk patients. Vitamin K antagonists have been the only option for oral anticoagulation for the last 50 years. However, these drugs have many pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic problems. The problems of anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists have led to the investigation of new drugs that can be administered orally and have a better dose–response relationship, a shorter half-life and, in particular, higher efficacy and safety without the need for frequent anticoagulation controls. The drugs that have been studied most thoroughly in patients with AF are inhibitors of the activated coagulation factor X and inhibitors of coagulation factor II (thrombin), including ximelagatran and dabigatran. In addition, non-pharmacological therapies have been developed to prevent recurrent embolism in certain patient populations.

Global E-Waste Management and Second-Hand Consumption in the Third World: Substandard Context and Tokunbo Phenomenon in Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
New Products ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
The West ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
The Public ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
The Third World ◽  
National Environmental

The world is technologically advancing, but the management of resultant waste, commonly known as e-waste, is also becoming very challenging. Of major concern is the incessant flow of this waste into the developing world where they assume secondhand value in spite of the associated environmental threats. This study adopts the qualitative approach to examine this phenomenon in Nigeria. The study reveals that aside from being cheaper than the new products, second-hand goods are usually preferred to the new products due to the substandard nature of most new electronics largely imported from Asia (especially China). The tag of Tokunbo or ‘imported from the West’ associated with second-hand goods imported from developed countries makes them more preferable to the public relative to new electronics imported from China, disparagingly termed Chinco. Yet both the second-hand electronics that are socially appreciated as Tokunbo and the substandard new electronics imported into Nigeria together render the country a huge recipient of goods that soon collapse and swell the e-waste heap in the country. This situation may be mitigated through strengthening the Standards Organisation of Nigeria and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency, and also by sensitizing Nigerians on the dangers inherent in e-wastes.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

Validasi dari Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan Kandungan Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol dari Akar Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica) dan Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) Anita Puspa Widiyana

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Anita Puspa Widiyana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Validation Testing

Validation as a quality control for the content of chemical compounds from natural ingredients. One of the chemical constituents is the flavonoids which are found in the Imperatacylindrica roots and Centella asiatica leaves. This study aims to ensure the analysis method meets the requirements and determines the levels of flavonoids. The research stages included extraction, validation and determination of total flavonoid. Extraction was carried out by immersing dry simplicia in 96% ethanol solvent for 3x24 hours. The solvent is evaporated using a rotary evaporator until a thick extract is formed. Validation testing includes linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. Determinationof the total flavonoid was carried out by measuring the absorption at a maximum wavelength of 428.2 nm. The validation results includethe correlation coefficient (R) of 0.998, precision % RSD <2 %, %accuracy 99,53-97,98%, LOD 3.02ppm and LOQ 9.15 ppm. The total flavonoid of the ethanol extract of Imperata cylindrica roots was 36.39 ± 0.08 mg/g QE and Centella asiatica leaves was 102.10 ± 0.08 mg/g QE. The conclusion is that the method used met the validation requirements and the total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves was higher than Imperata cylindrica roots

Identification of Chemical Compounds from Artemisia gmelinii using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and their Regulatory Effects on Immune Responses in DSS-Induced Colitis Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Yang-Ju Son ◽  
Ji Min Shin ◽  
In Jin Ha ◽  
Saruul Erdenebileg ◽  
Da Seul Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines

Artemisia gmelinii Web. ex Stechm. (AG), a popular medicinal herb in Asia, has been used as a common food ingredient in Korea and is traditionally known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether AG relieves IBD, a classic chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. We identified 35 chemical compounds in AG ethanol extract using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. In mice with DSS-induced IBD, AG administration attenuated the disease activity index and the serum and colonic levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. AG treatment decreased nuclear factor-[Formula: see text]B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) signaling, a key mediator of inflammation, in the mouse colons. Additionally, AG extract enhanced immune responses in lymphoid tissues such as spleen and Peyer’s patches. Thus, AG consumption potently ameliorated IBD symptoms and improved immune signaling in lymphoid tissues.

FORMULASI SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) SEBAGAI ANTIACNE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Yulistia Budianti Soemarie ◽  
Tri Astuti ◽  
Nur Rochmah
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis ◽  
Acne Treatment

Currently, the development of acne drugs (antiacne) use  many natural materials because the natural materials can minimize the side effect if compared with synthetic chemicals drugs. Acne can caused by propionibacterium acnes, staphylococcus epidermis and staphylococcus aureu. One of plants that can be used for acne treatment is leaves of Avocado (Persea americana Mill). The aim of this study was to know whether the ethanol extract of leaves of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) can be made into an ointment preparations that fulfill the requirements. Sample in this research was extract of avocado leaves which used maceration method. The ointment formulations were made into some variation concentrations of PEG 400 and PEG 4000: Formula I (30%:70%); Formula II (50%:50%) and Formula III (70%:30%). The results show that the ointment of avocado leaves which fulfilled the requirements of physical properties is formula III with concentration of PEG 400 70 % and PEG 4000 30 %

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