scholarly journals OPTIMASI FORMULA PATCH KOSMETIK EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN PACAR AIR (Impatiens balsamina L.) DENGAN KOMBINASI MATRIKS HPMC DAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL 400 SECARA SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Yovina Ika Adiaswati ◽  
◽  
Dian Puspitasari ◽  
Disa Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Simplex Lattice

Pacar air leaves contain coumarin compounds, flavonoids, quinones, and saponins which are known to have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum proportion of the combination of HPMC and Propylene Glycol 400 and to determine the antibacterial activity of the methanol extract patch of pacar air leaves. Extraction using the maceration method with methanol. Optimization is done using the simplex lattice design, tested for physical quality. The optimum formula is then verified using the T-test. Antibacterial activity test of patch preparations was carried out by looking at the size of the inhibition zone, the inhibition diameter data obtained were processed with ANOVA statistics. The results of this research were the patch formula with a combination of HPMC (11.25 grams) and PEG 400 (3.75 grams). PEG 400 cannot be used singly because it cannot be solid. The results of the activity test of the methanol extract of the leaves of water henna against the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria showed that the average diameter of the inhibition zone was 15.16 ± 0.75mm. The results of one way ANOVA test obtained data of 0.096> 0.05, indicating that the positive control with the sample was not significantly different.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI HPMC DAN KARBOPOL DALAM FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL ANTISEPTIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BELUNTAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Muhammad Dienulloh Qasyfur Rohman ◽  
◽  
Iwan Setiawan ◽  
Ardy Prian Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Optimum Formula

Beluntas leaf (Pluchea indica, L.) is one of the plants that has potential as an antibacterial, Where the leaves of Beluntas have several compounds, one of these is a flavonoid which has antibacterial activity. The aim of this research is to determine the optimum composition of HPMC and carbopol which will be formulated in the preparation of antiseptic gel ethanol extract of beluntas leaf using the SLD method. The extraction method used in this study is Maseration with ethanol as a solvent. Antiseptic gel manufacturing is done by optimizing the base of HPMC and Carbopol, Then testing the quality of the gel preparation and the results obtained that meet the requirements of the homogeneity, pH, dispersion, viscosity, consistency and stability test of the gel preparation. The optimum formula of antiseptic gel based on the simplex lattice design method is on a combination of a 4.5% HPMC base and a 0.5% carbopol. Antibacterial activity test found inhibition zone, this shows that the antiseptic gel preparation of the ethanol extract of beluntas leaves has the ability to inhibit against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an average diameter of the zone of inhibition by 17,66 mm.

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Metanol Beberapa Jenis Porifera Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Megawati S. Saroinsong ◽  
Febby E. F. Kandou ◽  
Adelfia Papu ◽  
Marina F. O. Singkoh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Paper Disc ◽  
Coli Growth

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat dari ekstrak metanol beberapa jenis porifera terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer, yaitu dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambat di sekeliling cakram kertas. Ekstrak Haliclona sp dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus pada konsentrasi ekstrak 30%, 60% dan 90% dengan hasil pengukuran diameter zona hambat 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm dan 27.33 mm; serta menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli dengan diameter zona hambat 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp terhadap S. aureus menunjukkan diameter zona hambat 8.33 mm dan hanya menunjukkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 90%, sementara daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp pada konsentrasi 30%, 60% dan 90% terhadap E. coli menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat Spheciospongia sp terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli hanya terlihat pada konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 90% dengan diameter zona hambat adalah 8.42 mm dan 8.75 mm. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Haliclona sp memiliki potensi aktivitas antibakteri yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan obat antibiotik.This research aimed to test the inhibition capabilities of methanol extract from several kinds of Porifera on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus growth. The antibacterial activity test using the Kirby-Bauer method, which delivered by measuring the inhibition zone around paper disc. The extract of Haliclona sp can inhibit the S. aureus growth at 30%, 60% and 90% of extracts concentration with the measurement of inhibition zone diameters are 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm and 27.33 mm; also inhibit the E. coli growth with inhibition zone diameters are 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract on S. aureus shows that the inhibition zone diameters is 8.83 mm and only appear at 90% of extracts concentration, meanwhile the inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract at concentration 30%, 60% and 90% on E. coli shows diameters of inhibition zone are 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Spheciospongia sp on S. aureus and E. coli only occurred at 90% of extracts concentration with inhibition zone diameters 8.42 mm and 8.75 mm. Based on the results, it can be assumed that extracts of Haliclona sp has a potential antibacterial activity that can be used as a basic ingredients for antibiotic medicine.

scholarly journals Characterization and Optimization of Capryol-90, Polysorbate-80, And Peg-400 Proportion in Mefenamic Acid Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) With Simplex-Lattice-Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Mardiyanto Mardiyanto ◽  
Najma Annuria Fithri ◽  
Martina Tandry
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimal Formula

Mefenamic acid as pain relief drug belongs to the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class II which is practically insoluble in water causing extremely low dissolution in gastrointestinal tract. The self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) is a new innovation pharmaceutical dosage form that has effectively known to increase solubilization of hydrophobic drug in polar solvent. In this study the capryol-90 was selected as oil phase in SNEDDS as it showed maximal solubility of mefenamic acid (20 mg/mL). Combination of polysorbate-80 and PEG-400 as a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) excipient were used as surfactant and co-surfactant in SNEDDS due to its high HLB property that can increase mefenamic acid solubility in water. The ternary phase diagram of capryol-90, polysorbate-80, and PEG-400 was constructed in advance to obtain the component concentration of spontaneous nanoemulsion region. Model simplex-lattice-design cooperated in Design-Expert®10 was used to define SNEDDS mefenamic acid formula. Optimized mefenamic acid SNEDDS formula consisted of 20% capryol-90, 31.62% polysorbate-80, and 48.38% PEG-400. Characterization study of Optimized mefenamic acid SNEDDS formula showed improvement of drug content (102.820 ± 4.950)%, emulsification time (421.015 ± 1.290) second, and viscosity (0.927 ± 0.017) mm2/s 30oC. One way ANOVA statistical analysis result of optimal formula SNEDDS (105.210 ± 4.425)% of drug content, commercial generic caplet (0.917 ± 0.094)%, and mefenamic acid powder capsule (10.446 ± 0,333)% gave significant value (sig*) below than 0.05. Optimal formula proved that SNEDDS can significantly increase mefenamic acid dissolution of pH 7.4 (ileum fluid). The optimal formula of mefenamic acid SNEDDS successfully formed an uniformity droplet size (PDI 0.18) with mean size 241.9 nm and  the surface charge has a value of -16.5 mV respectively.

scholarly journals Optimasi Formula Pasta Gigi Kombinasi Ekstrak Rimpang Temu Kunci dan Sereh dengan CMC-Na dan Carbomer sebagai Bahan Pengikat Menggunakan Metode Simplex Lattice Design

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Anita Kumala Hati ◽  
Niken Dyahariesti ◽  
Richa Yuswantina
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Post Hoc

Comercial toothpaste contain fluoride to prevent dental caries. The usage of fluoride in large quantities may cause irreversible enamel fluorosis, brittle bones, brittle teeth, premature aging, spontaneous abortion, and carcinogenic. Objective this experiment is knowing the extract concentration of finger roots and lemongrass which is equivalent to positive control and then performed optimization of toothpaste preparation formula with different concentrations of CMC-Na and carbomer with pH and viscosity parameters using the Simple Lattice Design method. The antibacterial test of lemongrass extract, finger roots and its combination with a concentration of 5% against Streptococcus mutans bacteria, showed the average diameter of the largest clear zone: finger roots extract was 11.167±0.288mm; combination of lemongrass extract:finger roots extract (1:2) was 10.83±0.288mm; combination of lemongrass extract: finger roots (2:1) was 10,067±1,006mm; lemongrass extract was 9.33±0.751mm; The combination of lemongrass extract:finger roots extract (1:1) was 9,133±0,321mm.. Post Hoc test results shows comparable to positive controls were 5% finger roots extracts, combination of lemongrass:finger roots 1:2 combination, and 2:1 combination. The optimum formula was obtained using the SLD method with a combination of 0.900% CMC-Na and 1,100% carbomer as a binding agent. The optimum pH formula of toothpaste was 7,613±0,076 and Viscosity 2,43,104cps±2571,640. The paired t-test pH obtained p-value 0.222 and the viscosity obtained p-value 0.934. The experimental results were not significantly different from the results predicted by the software simply latex design. The 5% finger roots extract can be developed into an herbal toothpaste with binding agent CMC-Na and a carbomer ratio of 0,9:1,1.

Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) with Enhanched Solubilization of Ethanol Extract from Mangosteen Peels (Garcinia Mangostana, L.) for Treatment of Topical Gangrene Foot: Design and Optimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiwi L. ◽  
Sari R. ◽  
Apridamayanti P.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice

The aim of the present study is to develop and optimize self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) to improve the topical bioavailability of poorly soluble ethanol extract of mangosteen peels and to get optimum method of SNEDDS by simplex lattice design, using Design Expert software ®version 7. Solubility of ethanol extract of the mangosteen peels was estimated in various compositions to select proper components combinations. Virgin coconut oil/ VCO (oil), Tween® 80 (surfactants) as well as polietilenglikol 400 (PEG 400) (co-surfactants) were employed to construct pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. Transmittance and pH, droplet size, zeta potential, and thermodynamic stability were performed to optimize formulations from phase diagram. Fourteen formulations composed of VCO, Tween 80 and PEG 400 at simplex lattice design ratios were selected. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the mangosteen peels SNEDDS optimum consisting of Cremophor EL as the surfactant, PEG 400 as the co-surfactant, and VCO as the oil phase with a ratio of 5.27: 1: 1.72. Evaluation of SNEDDS with an optimum formulation with drug loading value of 125 mg/5 mL, emulsification time of 5,2 seconds, transmittance value of 74,6552 %, pH value 5,85 and has a particle size of 18,9 nm. Ethanol extract of the mangosteen peels loaded SNEDDS, with enhanced solubilization and nanosizing, and has potential to improve the absorption of drug and increase its topical antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak dan Fraksi dari Ekstrak Metanol Daun Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) pada Bakteri Penyebab Ulkus Diabetik

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Vivi Rosalina ◽  
R Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Ulcers ◽  
Concentration Series

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease due to metabolic disorders with acute to chronic hyperglycemic conditions. The complication of this disease is peripheral neuropathy exacerbated by bacterial infection, causing ulcers (sores) on the feet, hands, knees, back, and other parts of the body. The mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostana) is empirically believed to have antidiabetic and cure diabetic ulcers. This study aims to compare the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of methanol extract of mangosteen leaves at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% against the bacteria causing diabetic ulcers in vitro. The research began with the maceration of mangosteen leaf powder extraction using methanol as a solvent. The fractions were obtained by the vacuum liquid chromatography (KCV) method. The bacteria that cause diabetic ulcers are obtained from ulcer specimens of diabetic ulcer patients. Antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions at 5 concentration series was tested using the disc diffusion method with 10% DMSO negative control and positive controls, namely Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, Erythromycin, and Doxycycline. Antibacterial activity was expressed by the large area of the inhibition zone on the media inoculated with ulcer bacteria and incubated for 24 hours at 370 C. The results showed that there were 5 dominant bacteria found in the diabetic ulcer specimens, namely Escherichia spp, Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus spp, salmonella spp, and Shigella spp. The results of the antibacterial sensitivity test showed that ciprofloxacin had the largest area of inhibition zone compared to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, Erythromycin, and Doxycycline so that Ciprofloxacin could be used as a positive control. The results of the antibacterial activity test for the methanol extract of mangosteen leaves with a concentration of 100% produced the largest inhibition zone, namely 27.10 mm ± 0.1 compared to methanol extract, fractions A, B, and C in all concentration series. However, the inhibition zone of the 100% concentration of mangosteen leaves methanol extract was smaller than the positive control of ciprofloxacin 5 μg / disk, which was 35.01 mm ± 0.1.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Kawista Rind Methanol Extract (Limonia acidissima L.) Against Propionibacterium acnes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Ika Maruya Kusuma ◽  
Silfia Yohana Jastian
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Limonia Acidissima

ABSTRAK   Kawista (Limonia acidissima L) merupakan tanaman buah famili Rutaceae yang ada di Indonesia. Kawista banyak mengandung flavonoid dan alkaloid yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Pemanfaatan kulit buah kawista sebagai bahan obat belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol kulit buah kawista terhadap P. acnes, melalui nilai diameter daya hambat. Metode penelitian meliputi pembuatan ekstrak secara maserasi dengan pelarut metanol, penapisan fitokimia, uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram pada ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50% dan 75%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol kulit buah kawista pada konsentrasi 25%, 50% dan 75% memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri pada P.acnes dengan nilai diameter daya hambat secara berurut yaitu 10,80 mm, 12,40 mm dan 13,31 mm, masuk kategori kuat.   ABSTRACT Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) is a fruit from the Rutaceae in Indonesia and is known  to contain flavonoids and alkaloids, that have the potential to be antibacterial to Propionibacterium acnes. The use of kawista rind as a medicinal have not been used. This study aims to determine the activity of methanol extract of kawista rind through the value of Inhibition Zone Diameter against Propionibacterium acnes. Research methods include Limonia acidissima rind was macerated by methanol, phytochemical, antibacterial activity test on extracts, with concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75%. The results showed extracts with concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75% had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes with Inhibition Zone Diameter of 10,80 mm; 12,40 mm and 13,31 mm, strong category.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI FORMULA SELF NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS) EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI (Stapylococcus aureus) DENGAN METODE SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Septiana Indratmoko Indratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice

Ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona Muricata) memilki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri diantaranya yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan saponin. Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun sirsak diformulasikan dalam sediaan SNEDDS untuk meningkatkan kelarutan sehingga tercapai efek terapi yang maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula optimum SNEDDS ekstrak daun sirsak berserta uji sifat fisik dan efektivitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penggunaan nanoemulsi dioptimalkan dengan menggunakan Simplex Lattice Design sehingga didapatkan perbandingan formulasi terbaik (tween 80) 6 : (PEG 400) 1 : (Minyak terpilih) 1 dengan nilai desirability 0,987 dengan drug loading ekstrak sebesar 25 mg/mL. Parameter uji sifat fisik SNEDDS diperoleh pengamatan stabilitas sediaan stabil, nilai transmitan 97,7%, emulsification time 3 menit dan pH sebesar 6. Uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan SNEDDS ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki daya hambat lebih besar daripada ekstrak daun sirsak murni. Hasi uji efektivitas antibakteri dianalisis dengan paired sample t-test memiliki signifikasi < 0,05 sehingga ada perbedaan antar kelompok.

scholarly journals Formulasi dan Karakterisasi SNEDDS Ekstrak Jinten Hitam (Nigella Sativa) dengan Fase Minyak Ikan Hiu Cucut Botol (Centrophorus Sp) serta Uji Aktivitas Imunostimulan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Uzia Beandrade
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice

<p>Jinten hitam (<em>Nigella sativa</em>) mengandung senyawa timokuinon yang berefek sebagai imunostimulan. Ekstrak jinten hitam dikembangkan menjadi SNEDDS (<em>Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System</em>) karena masalah kelarutan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam yang meliputi viskositas, ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi, <em>extract loading</em>, dan stabilitas. Pengujian aktivitas imunostimulan SNEDDS meliputi rasio sel makrofag dan indeks fagositosis.</p><p>SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam dioptimasi dengan metode <em>Simplex Lattice Design</em> menggunakan <em>Design Expert 7.1.5., </em>selanjutnya SNEDDS optimal diuji ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi dan zeta potensial, viskositas, serta uji stabilitas. Uji aktivitas imunostimulan dilakukan dengan metode <em>biolatex assay</em> terhadap tikus <em>Sprague Dawley</em> sebanyak 5 tikus/kelompok selama 15 hari dengan pemberian satu kali sehari yaitu kontrol positif (ekstrak meniran 7,2 mg/tikus), kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak jinten hitam dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB serta SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam (200 mg/kgBB), kelompok plasebo berupa formula SNEDDS tanpa ekstrak jinten hitam, dan kontrol normal, selanjutnya dihitung rasio dan indeks fagositosis makrofag.</p>SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam optimal mengandung 15% minyak ikan hiu cucut botol, 67,344% surfaktan (10,102% croduret 50 ss dan 57,242% tween 80), 17,656% PEG 400 sebagai ko-surfaktan dengan hasil ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi 16,3 nm, PI sebesar 0,202, zeta potensial -43,5 mV, dan viskositas antara 234,69 – 255,71 cP. Hasil <em>extract loading</em> sistem SNEDDS mencapai 600 mg ekstrak/g sistem. SNEDDS stabil setelah penyimpanan selama 90 hari pada suhu kamar dan uji <em>freeze-thawing</em>. SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB dapat meningkatkan rasio sel makrofag dan indeks fagositosis dibandingkan dengan ekstrak jinten tanpa formulasi (P&lt;0,05).

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