MONITORING AND PREDICTION OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF STRUCTURAL UNITS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Геннадий Дмитриевич Шмелев ◽  
Эдуард Владимирович Сазонов ◽  
Марина Сергеевна Кононова
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generalized Parameters ◽  
Vibration Tests ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены вопросы анализа существующих подходов к мониторингу технического состояния строительных конструкций эксплуатируемых зданий и сооружений, описанные в нормативно-технической литературе. Рассмотрены и проанализированы типы мониторинга технического состояния зданий, особенности их проведения, имеющиеся несогласованности и разница в подходах к выполнению разных типов мониторинга. Проведено уточнение схемы мониторинга технического состояния строительных конструкций зданий и сооружений. Рассмотрены основные контролируемые параметры и их предельные значения с точки зрения проведения мониторинга, а также прогноза технического состояния несущих и ограждающих строительных конструкций зданий и сооружений различного назначения. Проведен анализ возможности использования предусмотренных в действующих нормативно-технических документах динамических испытаний строительных конструкций в условиях отсутствия объективных результатов при прогнозировании технического состояния конструкций по результатам вибрационных испытаний зданий. Выявлены значительные расхождения в подходах к проведению процедуры мониторинга технического состояния и мониторинга технического состояния зданий и сооружений, находящихся в ограниченно работоспособном или аварийном состоянии. Сделана попытка провести увязку требований и рекомендаций действующего ГОСТ 31937-2011 по проведению мониторинга, для обеспечения плавного перехода по ключевым контролируемым параметрам от общего мониторинга к мониторингу зданий, находящихся в ограниченно работоспособном или аварийном техническом состоянии. Рассмотрены пути прогнозирования дальнейшего развития технического состояния строительных конструкций зданий, с использованием обобщенных параметров, характеризующих текущее фактическое техническое состояние строительных конструкций, с использованием методов параметрического прогнозирования и экспертных методов. We considered the issues of analysis for existing approaches to monitoring technical condition of structural units of operated buildings and structures that are described in the normative and technical literature. We considered and analyzed different types of monitoring technical condition of buildings, features of their implementation, existing inconsistencies and difference in approaches to performing different types of monitoring. As a result we clarified the scheme of monitoring technical condition of structural units of buildings and structures. The main controlled parameters and their limit values are considered from the point of view of monitoring, as well as prediction of the technical condition of load-bearing and enclosing structural units of buildings and structures for various purposes. We carried out the analysis of the possibility of using dynamic tests of structural units provided in the current regulatory and technical documents in the absence of objective results when predicting the technical condition of structures based on the results of vibration tests of buildings. Significant discrepancies were revealed in the approaches to the procedure of monitoring technical condition of buildings and structures that are in a limited operational or emergency condition. We made an attempt to link the requirements and recommendations of the current GOST 31937-2011 for monitoring, to ensure a smooth transition in key controlled parameters from general monitoring to monitoring of buildings that are in a limited operational or emergency technical condition. The ways of predicting further development of the technical condition of structural units of buildings are considered, using generalized parameters that characterize the current technical condition of structural units, using parametric prediction and expert methods.

scholarly journals Comportamiento de las calizas «griotte» carboníferas frente a deformaciones compresivas en dos localidades de la Zona Cantábrica (NO de la Península Ibérica): resultados preliminares Behaviour of the Carboniferous «griotte» limestones under compressive deformation in two localities of the Cantabrian Zone (NW Iberian Peninsula): preliminary results

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (36) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bulnes ◽  
J. Poblet ◽  
Á. De Ana ◽  
M. Masini
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Cantabrian Zone ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Structural Point ◽  
Península Ibérica

Resumen: Se han analizado y comparado las características y posible evolución de las estructuras desarrolladas en la Fm. Alba, o caliza «griotte» carbonífera, en dos afloramientos ubicados en unidades estructurales distintas de la Zona Cantábrica, uno situado en los alrededores de San Emiliano y el otro en las playas de La Ballota y de Andrín. En ambos, la Fm. Alba acomoda deformación en distintos grados mediante el desarrollo de varios tipos de mesoestructuras. Se ha encontrado una serie de similitudes y diferencias entre los afloramientos tanto desde el punto de vista estratigráfico, como estructural. Aparentemente, las características estratigráficas distintas podrían haber sido el factor que ha ejercido una mayor influencia en el comportamiento mecánico a nivel mesoestructural dentro de la Fm. Alba.Palabras clave: calizas «griotte» carboníferas, Zona Cantábrica, pliegues, cabalgamientos.Abstract: We have analysed and compared the features and possible evolution of the structures developed within the Alba Fm., or Carboniferous «griotte» limestone, in two outcrops located in different structural units of the Cantabrian Zone: around San Emiliano and on La Ballota and Andrín beaches. In both outcrops the Alba Fm. accommodates deformation in various degrees by developing different types of mesostructures. We found a number of similarities and differences between the outcrops from the stratigraphic and structural point of view. Apparently, the different stratigraphic features might have been the factor that had exerted a greater influence on the mechanical behaviour at mesostructural scale within the Alba Fm.Keywords: Carboniferous «griotte» limestones, Cantabrian Zone, folds, thrusts.

Preservation of Documental Heritage of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Peoples

2009 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Galina F. Leveryeva ◽  
Afanasii R. Batorov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Portal ◽  
Rare Books ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

Questions of creation and development of information portal “Memory of Yakutia” from the point of view of accumulation and preservation of documental heritage of Yakutia nations are considered. Problems of digitization of manuscripts, rare books, audiovisual documents are highlighted and trends of further development are traced.

Decorative motifs on oil lamps from Grimm's 1973 excavations in Alexandria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Abdel Wahed Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decorative Motifs ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Late Roman

A collection of 30 clay oil lamps from Gunther Grimm's excavations in 1973 in the Western necropolis of Alexandria has been classified by Safaa Samir Abu Al Yazid from Tanta University and found to represent 12 different types ranging in time from the Hellenistic to the late Roman periods in Egypt's ancient history. The present paper looks at this collection from the point of view of the symbolic significance of the decorative motifs used in their decoration. These motifs— figural, floral and geometric—had obvious symbolic meaning to their users and signified more than a simple belief in certain deities. They also reflected Roman Egyptian culture.

Ein,Nesthocker', Prokne und andere Schwalben: Martial 5, 67

Philologus ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Smooth Transition

AbstractEpigram 5.67 derives its point from Martial's critical and creative way of dealing with the mythical tradition. After he has described from the swallows' perspective an incident that occurred in the avian world, in the last distich the point of view undergoes a surprising shift from the victim to the agent. This is effected by a smooth transition from the swallow that has been cruelly torn to bits by its own kind to the mythical Procne, who tore her son to bits and suffered the punishment of being changed into a swallow. The aetiology that forms the concluding point of the epigram shows the incident in a new light. The nature of swallows is marked once and for all by Procne's behavior: as she once tore Itys to pieces, so the swallows of our epigram behave; indeed, at the very beginning they are pointedly designated as Attbides. The narrator's concluding comment that the guilty mother ought to have been torn to bits immediately after her impious act is an attempt, albeit a vain one, to correct the myth.

scholarly journals Embodied Energy and Embodied GWP of Windows: A Critical Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3788
Author(s):  
Francesco Asdrubali ◽  
Marta Roncone ◽  
Gianluca Grazieschi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
Operational Impact

The construction sector is one of the most energy-intensive in the industrialized countries. In order to limit climate change emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a building, in addition to reducing energy consumption in the operational phase, attention should also be paid to the embodied energy and CO2 emissions of the building itself. The purpose of this work is to review data on embodied energy and GWP derived from EPDs of different types of windows, to identify the LCA phases, the most impacting materials and processes from an environmental point of view and to perform a critical analysis of the outcomes. The results show a strong dependence on the typology of the frame, with wooden windows having competitive performances: lower average primary energy non-renewable (1123 MJ/FU), higher average primary energy renewable (respectively 817 MJ/FU) and lower global warming potential (54 kgCO2eq/FU). More transparency and standardization in the information conveyed by the program operators is, however, desirable for a better comparability of windows performances. In particular, the inclusion of the operational impact in the EPD is sporadic, but strongly important, since it can be the most impactful phase.

Party-Political and Socio-Economic Сonsequences of Elections to the German Bundestag

2021 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
V.B. Belov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
Angela Merkel ◽  
The Face ◽  
German Bundestag ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The article examines the results of the last Bundestag elections. They marked the end of the Angela Merkel era and reflected the continuation of difficult party-political and socio-economic processes in the informal leader of the European Union. The main attention of the research focuses on the peculiarities of the election campaign of the leading parties and of the search for ways of further development of Germany in the face of urgent economic and political challenges. These challenges include the impact of the coronavirus crisis, the impact of the energy and digital transition to a climate-neutral economy, and the complex international situation. Based on original sources, the author analyzes the causes of the SPD victory and the CDU/CSU bloc defeat, the results of the negotiations of the Social Democrats with the Greens and Liberals, the content of the coalition agreement from the point of view of the prospects for the development of domestic and foreign policy and the economy of Russia's main partner in the west of the Eurasian continent. The conclusion is made about the absence of breakthrough ideas, the consistent continuation of the course started by the previous government for a carbon-free economy and the strengthening of the role of Germany in Europe and the world. For this course, conflicts and problems in achieving the set goals will be immanent due to the compromising nature of the coalition agreements.

TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE ADAPTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
O.U. BULATOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
The City ◽  
Further Development

The transition of a city to the «Smart city» level is a socio-technical process: first, the transi-tion includes technical and technological changes, and second, since the city is a social system, this process considered from the point of view of users who influence the development of certain types of services and devices for their provision. This article examines the process of digitalization of the city and transport infrastructure in particular. To fulfill the goal set for the transport infrastructure - complete, timely and high-quality transport services for the population, it is necessary to solve a whole range of tasks that are associated with the further development of market relations and improving the efficiency of the transport complex.

Application of fiber-optic measuring technology and phase-chronometric method for control and monitoring of technical condition of aircraft structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Stanislav S. Khabarov ◽  
Alexander S. Komshin
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Excess Reserves ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Original Approach

Problems of ensuring the safe operation of an aircraft from the point of view of the fatigue life of its structure are considered. The relevance of the creation and implementation of diagnostic systems for monitoring the technical condition of structures of complex technical objects is shown on the example of a helicopter. An original approach to the creation and implementation of complex systems for diagnostics and monitoring of the technical condition of complex technical objects is presented, combining fiber-optic measuring technology and phase-chronometric method. It is shown that the use of monitoring and diagnostic systems ensures the transition to operation based on the actual technical condition. The proposed approach makes it possible to increase the time between overhaul intervals and reduce excess reserves in terms of the reliability factors of structures, which increases the flight performance of aircraft.

SUBSTANTIATION OF STRATEGIES OF DIVERSIFICATION OF ACTIVITY OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE AND THEIR EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Omelyanovych ◽  
◽  
Fedir Demishkan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Industrial Diversification ◽  
Diversification Strategies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Trucking Company ◽  
Further Development

The study considered the main approaches to the concept of diversification. It was determined that there are different types of diversification depending on the sources of its origin, but the main groups of classification are: functional (by processes), commercial and resource. In general, the economic system can have four typical situations when a process of diversification (specialization) occurs: 1) specialization is more profitable than the possible option of diversification; 2) specialization is the only possible way of further development and existence for this economic system in specific economic conditions; 3) diversification is more profitable than specialization; 4) diversification is the only possible way of further existence and development. Diversification is especially important in conditions of uncertainty in the development of the external environment. In such situations, diversification is the only way to avoid collapse and achieve sustainable development. The firm makes several bets in the hope that at least one of them will win. Offensive motives include aggressive growth policies; financial opportunities; overcoming the limits of growth; achieving synergistic effects. Here it is necessary to determine the presence of defense motives for the use of diversification: the distribution of business risk; reduction of cyclical instability; replacement of the declining activity. In accordance with the objectives of the study for the trucking company, it is possible to propose the use of such diversification strategies as industrial diversification, which is realized through changes in the production capacity of the trucking company; marketing diversification, which will promote the positioning of the relocation service in different market segments, and competitive diversification, which should be carried out using the methods of portfolio analysis of the company's positioning in the market.

Сase-systems for development of multiagent system (MAS) in the system of diagnostics and maintenance of vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Pavlenko ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Manuylov ◽  
Volodymyr Kuzhel ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Software Code ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Intelligent Methods

The article provides a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems for diagnostics and maintenance systems for modern cars. The authors substantiate two main shortcomings inherent in all products - analogues: the need for high qualification of the user as a software code developer, and low performance of intelligent methods in the structure of agents, which worsens their performance. Both manufacturers and car owners are objectively interested in the widespread use of telematics systems for monitoring the technical condition of cars. Predictive diagnostics gives them access to a huge amount of information about all the nuances of car operation, wherever they are, during the entire service life. The application of this approach using a multi-agent system (MAS) will allow taking the next step in this direction. Information from the connected vehicles goes to the main server. Systematization and analysis of data make it possible to establish the causes of malfunctions, identify patterns of their occurrence and make further predictions. Purpose of the work: to perform a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems. The topic of the work is disclosed on the example of the analysis of software tools for the development and design of MAS at the present stage. There are a number of systems and libraries on the market designed for the development of multi-agent systems. These Case - systems are suitable for the development of multi-agent systems of any direction, that is, they are universal from this point of view. Therefore, for us it is a universal application tool for the automotive industry. Ultimately, the work performed a comparative analysis of existing software products and libraries that allow the design of multi-agent systems. The analysis revealed two main drawbacks inherent in all products - analogs: the need for high user qualifications as a developer of software code, and low indicators of the possibilities of introducing intelligent methods into the structure of agents, worsens the indicators of their work.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document