scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Dan Pengujian Alat Pengering Solar Dryer Sederhana (Constructing and Experiment of Simple Solar Dryer)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Frets Jonas Rieuwpassa ◽  
Stevy Imelda Murniati Wodi ◽  
Eko Cahyono ◽  
Rolando Pangumpia
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Device Type ◽  
Product Water ◽  
Lower Water Content ◽  
Better Than

Solar dryer is a device that use solar energy to try substances. Using a solar dryer is more hygiene than drying directly into the sun. This experiment aims to construct a solar dryer device and to examine product water content. There are some steps in this experiment which are constructing a solar dryer device and examination of the product water content of two different solar device construction. Products that examined are mackerel tuna dried with salt and without salt. Water content examination is established every 4 hours and 12 hours. All data are examined descriptively. Results showed that temperature in device type 1 are between 40-45 0C dan device type 2 are between 44-45 0C. Results for water content in salted dry fish showed a score of 37.99% in device type 1 and 30.27% in device type 2. For water content in non-salted dry fish showed a score of 38.4% in device type 1 and 27.35% in device type 2. Base on this it can be concluded that device type 2 able to lower water content in products better than device type 1.

The Cognitive Reality of Hierarchic Structure in Music

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Louise Serafine ◽  
Noah Glassman ◽  
Cornell Overbeeke
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Judgment ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Similarity Judgments ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Better Than

Six experiments examined the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure in music. The first experiment showed that subjects were only moderately able to match a performed rendition of a hierarchic structure to the piece of music from which it was derived, with performance slightly better than chance. Metric accent emerged as a significant predictor of the tones perceived by subjects as structurally important. The second experiment showed that subjects' correct matchings were unlikely to be based on aesthetic preference, because performed renditions of (rule-governed) structures were not regarded as aesthetically preferable to nonstructures. The third experiment attempted to increase subjects' matching of structures and their original pieces through various task modifications, but these modifications did not increase performance over the success rate achieved in Experiment 1. Three additional experiments determined whether evidence of the distinction between structureand surface could be obtained in various similarity judgment tasks. Pairs of musical fragments were composed so that the members of each pair embodied (1) the same structure and same surface harmony, or (2) the same structure but different surface harmony, or (3) a different structure but same surface harmony. The rating task used in Experiments 4 and 5 showed that the members of Type-2 pairs of fragments were perceived to be just as similar as the members of Type-1 pairs, but Type-3 pairs were rated significantly lower in similarity. Thus, similarity judgments were based on underlying hierarchic structure, even in the face of radical harmony differences on the surface. This effect increased in strength with repeated hearing. The results support the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure, but are influenced by the type of perception used in a particular similarity judgment task and by the experience of repeated hearings.

Estimating Levels of Learning Outcomes Acquirement Based on Fuzzy Sets, Relations, and Their Compositions

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mreła ◽  
Oleksandr Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linguistic Terms ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Fuzzy Input ◽  
Better Than

New curriculum designers should prepare the set of learning outcomes that will be studied by students, and their acquirement will be verified by teachers. It is not easy to estimate whether students achieved the required learning outcomes even in the range of knowledge and skills, but when the competencies are considered, it becomes harder. Because of the convenience of using the linguistic terms (excellent, poor, good, and so on), it is better to apply fuzzy relations (type 1 if the numbers are chosen or type 2 if the sets are used), which can handle with the linguistic terms better than classical relations. The estimation of the learning outcome's acquirement can be conducted on the bases of a test or tests. For calculating the levels of learning outcome's acquirement, two fuzzy input relations are designed. Experts build one based on their knowledge, and the second one is based on the test results. The output relation, showing levels of learning outcome/outcomes' acquirement, is built with the application of the S-T composition of the first and second relations.

scholarly journals Metforminium Decavanadate as a Potential Metallopharmaceutical Drug for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Treviño ◽  
Denisse Velázquez-Vázquez ◽  
Eduardo Sánchez-Lara ◽  
Alfonso Diaz-Fonseca ◽  
José Ángel Flores-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Insulin Mimetic ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet ◽  
Better Than

New potential drugs based on vanadium are being developed as possible treatments for diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. In this regard, our working group developed metforminium decavanadate (MetfDeca), a compound with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. MetfDeca was evaluated in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, on male Wistar rats. Alloxan-induction was employed to produce DM1 model, while a hypercaloric-diet was employed to generate DM2 model. Two-month treatments with 3.7 μg (2.5 μM)/300 g/twice a week for DM2 and 7.18 μg (4.8 μM)/300 g/twice a week for DM1 of MetfDeca, respectively, were administered. The resulting pharmacological data showed nontoxicological effects on liver and kidney. At the same time, MetfDeca showed an improvement of carbohydrates and lipids in tissues and serum. MetfDeca treatment was better than the monotherapies with metformin for DM2 and insulin for DM1. Additionally, MetfDeca showed a protective effect on pancreatic beta cells of DM1 rats, suggesting a possible regeneration of these cells, since they recovered their insulin levels. Therefore, MetfDeca could be considered not only as an insulin-mimetic agent, but also as an insulin-enhancing agent. Efforts to elucidate the mechanism of action of this compound are now in progress.

CROSS-LAYER DESIGN FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS USING INTERVAL TYPE-2 FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 391-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINSHENG XIA ◽  
QILIAN LIANG
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Transmission Delay ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Interval Type ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, we introduce a new method for packet transmission delay analysis and prediction in mobile ad hoc networks. We apply a fuzzy logic system (FLS) to coordinate physical layer and data link layer. We demonstrate that type-2 fuzzy membership function (MF), i.e., the Gaussian MFs with uncertain variance is most appropriate to model BER and MAC layer service time. Two FLSs and one neural network: a singleton type-1 FLS, an interval type-2 FLS and back-prop neural network (NN) are designed to predict the packet transmission delay based on the BER and MAC layer service time. Simulation results show that the interval type-2 FLS performs much better than the type-1 FLS in transmission delay prediction. And FLSs performs better than back-prop NN. We use the forecasted transmission delay to adjust the transmission power, and it shows that the interval type-2 FLS performs much better than a type-1 FLS, and FLSs are performs better than back-prop NN in terms of energy consumption, average delay and throughput. Besides, we obtain the performance bound based on the actual transmission delay.

Type 2 IDI performs better than type 1 for improving lycopene production in metabolically engineered E. coli strains

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Abolhassani Rad ◽  
Hossein Shahbani Zahiri ◽  
Kambiz Akbari Noghabi ◽  
Sarah Rajaei ◽  
Reza Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
E Coli ◽  
Lycopene Production ◽  
Better Than

Synergistic Effects of Unsaturated Flow and Soil Organic Matter on Retention and Transport of PPCPs in Soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijuan Chen ◽  
Yuanyuan Dai ◽  
Jie Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Limited Mobility

<p>This study examines the effects of soil organic matter (SOM) and water content on the transport of five selected pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, bisphenol A, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin) in four natural soils with different SOM contents. Batch isotherm experiment results showed that SOM effect was very significant for positively charged tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, relatively significant for non-dissociated carbamazepine and bisphenol A and insignificant for negatively charged ibuprofen in the soils. Transport results showed that neither tetracycline nor ciprofloxacin moved through the saturated and unsaturated soil columns, demonstrating their very limited mobility in soils as a result of significant electrostatic attraction independent of SOM and water conditions. Overall, higher SOM content and lower water content were favorable to the retention of ibuprofen, carbamazepine and bisphenol A in the soils. The effect of water content was not significant in the SOM-removed soils. The SOM could increase the kinetic (type 2) adsorption of PPCPs at the solid-water interface (SWI), and the air phase could increase the instantaneous (type 1) adsorption of PPCPs at the air-water interface (AWI). This result suggests that lowering water content could greatly enhance the adsorption of PPCPs that had high affinities to soils and vice versa. This study provides an important implication that AWI and SWI might have a nonlinear relationship in promoting the adsorption and reducing the mobility of PPCPs under unsaturated flow conditions.</p>

Type 2 Diabetes Overtakes Type 1 in Hispanic Girls

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes
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