scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ZAKAT IN THE EARLY STAGES OF THE ISLAMIC CIVILISATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
Avazbek Ganiyev ◽  
Sherzodjon Umaraliev
Keyword(s):  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Specific Individual ◽  
The Law ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Needy

“Zakat” is one of the five pillars of Islam. It is also stated that it is one of the main components in Islamic finance. Its aim is to balance wealth distribution in the country fairly. Zakat is interpreted as almsgivings to the poor and the “needy” and for payers; it is the purification of their souls through helping the needy and a way of restraining from greed and arrogance. Legally, “Zakat means the transfer of ownership of specific wealth to the specific individual or individuals under the specific conditions” . This article discusses early zakat developments and it is divided into 1. introduction 2. The Law of Zakat during the lifetime of the Prophet (S.A.W.) 2. Zakat practices during the period of the Khulafah Al-Rashdin.

Transnational Diffusion of Health Policy Ideas in Uruguay in the Early Twentieth Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-343
Author(s):  
CECILIA ROSSEL ◽  
FELIPE MONESTIER
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Policy Ideas ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
The Law

AbstractThis article analyzes how policy ideas already adopted in Europe, particularly in France, were taken into consideration for the design of Uruguay’s National Public Assistance (NPA) policy. Established in 1910, the NPA was a pioneering government social policy for the time and for the region.Some have argued that the design of the NPA law followed the secular and republican model instituted in France at the end of the nineteenth century when France established the Assistance Publique, particularly regarding the extent of public assistance to the poor, the role of the state in the provision of health care (as opposed to charity-based provision) and the centralization of health-care services (as opposed to a decentralized health-care system).We analyze how these revolutionary ideas were discussed by the technicians and politicians who participated in the process that culminated in the approval of the law in Uruguay discussed these revolutionary ideas. We explore the factors that motivated the creation of the commission that developed the law. We also review available documentation on the drafting of the bill and the parliamentary debate that culminated in its approval. We find that the design of the NPA included many ideas diffused mainly from France. The French model was not simply emulated, however. Rather, the authors of the NPA thoroughly analyzed and considered the features and main consequences of the Assistance Publique, suggesting that diffusion in this case was more a process of learning than of simple mimicry.

scholarly journals Pro Bono Legal Aid by Advocates: Guarantee of Justice for the Poor

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-552
Author(s):  
Chairani Azifah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Pro Bono ◽  
The Law ◽  
Problem Formulations ◽  
The Right

The implementation of legal aid is a manifestation of Indonesia as a legal state that guarantees the human rights of citizens to equality before the law which is guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution. Within the framework of implementing this citizen's human rights, the provision of free legal aid is, among other things, obligated to advocates based on Article 22 Law on advocates and their implementing regulations. From this, two problem formulations were made as follows: What is the juridical review of the provision of pro bono legal aid? And what is the role of advocates in providing pro bono legal aid? This research is based on normative legal research, which is a research conducted by reviewing and analyzing legal materials and legal issues related to the problems studied. The results of the author's discussion found that free legal aid is the right of the poor to obtain the same justice as other communities, so that the protection of their rights is well fulfilled and the principle of equality before the law. Advocates are obliged to provide free legal aid to justice seekers, and to obtain free legal assistance, justice seekers must submit a written application to an advocate organization or legal aid institution.

scholarly journals SDGs Value and Islamic Philantrophy Through Zakah Institution During the Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ana Toni Roby Candra Yudha ◽  
Habibah Awwaliah ◽  
Eka Mega Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Introduction to The Problem: The mission of the zakat institution as a philanthropic booster is very necessary. As an economic empowerment for the poor and to support micro businesses. Especially when the covid 19 pandemic condition requires a wealth distribution of income and consumption from the sufficient in the weak economy condition.Objective Study: The aims of this study is to identify the optimization of the zakat institution program which involves poverty reduction and the utilization of the poor and disadvantaged. This is in line with SDG’s 1 and 8 values on poverty reduction and the provision of decent work.Methodology: This study uses an explanatory qualitative approach. A solution review of the process of managing and utilizing money waqf at LAZ Yatim Mandiri, using primary data by in-depth interviews with waqf doers and continued with source triangulation, focus group discussion that talks about covid 19 in many perspective, accompanied by the opinion of 15 academicians and 4 experts (fiqh) waqf.Findings: The result of this study showed that the potential for endowments must be balanced with increasing Nazir awareness and understanding to manage endowments of money in order to continue to be useful. Ascertaining the direction of philanthropic movements during pandemic to collect funds and distribute them to the poor and pandemic affected victims is a crucial point. The important advice that LAZ should make is to maintain the intensity of friendship with muzakki or donors and the needy, to create a socially oriented business and also can be appropriate and feasible with the propaganda method used. this needs to be done considering that in addition to humanity issues, other issues that have a severe impact on the covid pandemic 19 are the microeconomic sector and MSME.

scholarly journals CHARITY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN MEDIEVAL POLAND

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Leszek Aftyka
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Christian Love ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Important Form

Charity in the Christian tradition is a voluntary form of care and help, which consists in material support provided by wealthy people to the weak, poor and helpless. The article discusses the most important form so institutional assistant ce provided by clergy, religious or dears, confraternities and corporations - guilds. In the Middle Ages, the greatest social problems were poverty, begging and vagrancy. The actual guardian of the poor was the bishop, where he was obliged to collect funds "provided by the faithful members during the monthly services, from the Sunday collection and imposed penitential penalties. All lay people who performed this task by giving alms to the needy were obliged to provide basic help to their neighbours. Very important institutions that helped the needy were monasteries, especially those that had their own agricultural economy. Their duties included providing a one-off accommodation and a modest meal for travelers. The monks regularly supported local poor people, often playing the role of seasonal employers, e.g. during the harvest season. Various fraternities and corporations – guilds were created in medieval cities. From their members they required observance of moral principles and the provision of Christian love to their fellow men. From the collected contributions, as well as from fines for breaking corporate rules or privileges, a fund for charity was created.These organizations were created primarily by craftsmen. One of the most important goals was to care for old and sick members, as well as their decent burial. Some corporations had their own hospitals and shelters.

Tracking the Law and Development Continuum through Multiple Intersections

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Ordor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Law And Development ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Law ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Multiple Intersections

AbstractIdeas expressed as law and development theories have sought to connect law and development by creating a framework within which the role of law in development may be better understood and perhaps even packaged as a kit to be recommended to governments as a way of advancing development. Over the years, thoughts on law and development have crystallised around various concepts such as economic growth, the rule of law, the empowerment of the poor and the growth of institutions. One thing that stands out clearly from these debates is that while there may be a measure of consensus around particular theses or propositions, unanimity among all thinkers, scholars and actors is not likely to follow, nor is it necessarily desirable. This paper draws out threads of thought that present various positions as facets of the law and development dynamic and at the same time, progressive points on the multi-dimensional development continuum. The first section on the progression of law and development summarises a number of themes at the forefront of law and development theorisation over the years. Reflections on these developments follow in the second segment, while a third segment describes various contexts for engaging with law and development studies. This segment, which leads into the conclusion, highlights some key dimensions of law and development thought that need to be further explored and given a place in the taxonomy of law and development scholarship.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE ROLE OF ZAKAT INSTITUTIONS IN POVERTY REDUCTION THROUGH PRODUCTIVE ZAKAT PROGRAMS IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1250
Author(s):  
Sutrisno ◽  
Razali Haron
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Strategic Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Needy

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to identify zakat programs that have been implemented by zakat institutions in the context of increasing social roles, especially to reduce poverty. This study concludes that a strategic program in the distribution of zakat to help the poor improve their welfare. Methodology: This study adopts a document analysis approach involving a series of systematic steps to review the research documents with the checking of data, interpreting them to get a deep understanding, obtaining the meaning contained, and scientific development in research. Main Findings: The implementation of the productive zakat program carried out by zakat institutions in Indonesia can reduce poverty. Almost all the funds' distribution programs carried out by zakat institutions run smoothly and have been proven to reduce poverty. The recipients of zakat who participated in the productive zakat program also showed an increment in their welfare. Applications: Zakat institutions in Indonesia can adopt productive zakat programs to reduce poverty. Besides, zakat institutions can increase their role in improving the welfare of the poor. On the other hand, the role of empowerment, primarily through the productive zakat program, can be applied in all zakat institutions in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality: The productive zakat program can be used as a model by the government as a means to improve the welfare of the community. Furthermore, the role of the zakat institution as a representative of the implementation of social care will increasingly be felt by the community, especially the needy recipients of zakat.

scholarly journals ‘Cash Waqf’ and Islamic Microfinance: Untapped Economic Opportunities

ICR Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-354
Author(s):  
Norma Md Saad ◽  
Azizah Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Income Generating Activities ◽  
Islamic Microfinance ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Real Target

The success of microfinance programmes in alleviating poverty in many countries has spurred the development of faith-based microfinance institutions. Muslims have combined certain elements in Islamic finance and microfinance to create a new programme called ‘Islamic microfinance’ and use it as a tool to fight poverty in their community. Even though microfinance is proven successful in fighting poverty, current microfinance practised by commercial banks in Malaysia has several shortcomings. Current weaknesses include stringent credit evaluation and missing the real target group, i.e., the poor and the needy. Furthermore, the mode of financing is mostly personal loan using bay’ al-‘inah, whereby the use of the loan is to fulfil personal consumption instead of income-generating activities. Given these shortcomings, the article explores the possibility of using ‘cash waqf’ as a new source of funding for Islamic microfinance and proposes a new concept and application of Islamic microfinance so that it is truly in line with the Islamic spirit of microfinance. It is hoped that with this new concept and application of Islamic microfinance, the use of microfinance genuinely caters for the needs of the poor as well as generating socio-economic growth of the Muslim ummah.

scholarly journals صرف أموال الزكاة في التكافل الصحي المصغر: دراسة فقهية (using zakat funds as contributions for Micro-health takaful: A shariah Perspective)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
عبدالله الطيب عبدالله زويتة ◽  
حبيب الله زكريا
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Good Cause

التكافل الصحي المصغر من أنواع التكافل المهمة في وقتنا المعاصر، ولعل ذلك بسبب الأهمية البالغة التي تحظى بها قضية الصحة في الآونة الأخيرة. وتهدف هذه الورقة إلى النظر في ما إذا كان صرف أموال الزكاة للاشتراك في منظومة التكافل الصحي يتماشى مع الشريعة الإسلامية، وعليه فقد تطرّقت الدراسة إلى بعض القضايا الشرعية المتعلقة بصرف أموال الزكاة للتكافل الصحي، والتي تتمثّل في القول باشتراط تمليك الأصناف أموال الزكاة أو عدم الاشتراط، ومن جهة أخرى ناقشت الورقة مفهوم مصرف "وفي سبيل الله" وما إذا كان هذا المصرف يغطي كافة وجوه الخير أو يخصص في تجهيز الغزو. انتهجت الورقة المنهج الاستنباطي والمنهج التحليلي بالاعتماد على البيانات الثانوية من خلال مراجعة الأدبيات الفقهية والدراسات السابقة، وتحليل ما ورد في التراث الفقهي الإسلامي وفتاوى الفقهاء المعاصرين في استخدام أموال الزكاة لدعم التكافل الصحي.  وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدم اشتراط تمليك الأصناف، وإنما يكتفى بقطع الملكية من المزكي، كما خلصت الدراسة إلى أن مصرف "وفي سبيل الله" يشمل الصرف إلى جميع وجوه الخير، وبناء على ذلك فصرف الزكاة للتكافل الصحي المصغر لا يخرج عن المقاصد التي وضعت من أجلها الزكاة؛ لأن في ذلك رفع معاناة الفقراء والمساكين والمحتاجين من أصحاب الدخل المحدود. توصي هذه الورقة مؤسسات الزكاة والهيئات المختصة للنظر في الإجراءات اللازمة لتفعيل دور الزكاة في الرعاية الصحية للفقراء والمحتاجين، كما توصي الورقة الفقهاء المعاصرين للنظر إلى القضايا الشرعية ذات الصلة بدور الزكاة في التنمية الاجتماعية. الكلمات المفتاحية:  المسائل الشرعية، الزكاة، التكافل المصغر. Abstract Micro-health takaful is one of the most important types of takaful in recent times. This, perhaps, is because of the profound significance assumed by health issues lately. This research study is aimed at examining whether using zakat funds as contributions to health takaful pools is in consonance with Islamic law (Shariah), and thus, the study touches on some Shariah issues related to the disbursement of zakat funds for the purpose of health takaful, which is represented in the view whether or not transferring the ownership of zakat proceeds to the beneficiaries is a precondition. On the other hand, it also examines the concept of the beneficiary labelled, wa fī sabīlil Lah (those [struggling] in the cause of Allah) as to whether this category of beneficiaries covers all the forms of struggling in a good cause or it is peculiar to funding military expedition. Th study adopts deductive and analytical methods based on secondary data by reviewing previous studies and literatures on Islamic jurisprudence, analysing reports in Islamic jurisprudential heritage and contemporary fatwas on the use zakat funds to support health takaful. This study finds that it is not a condition to transfer the ownership of zakat funds to beneficiaries, rather it is suffices to take over their ownership from the payer. Furthermore, it is found that the beneficiary labelled, wa fī sabīlil Lah comprises disbursing zakat to all forms of any good cause. For this reason, disbursing zakat for micro-health takaful is not exempted from the objectives for which zakat has been imposed, because doing so relieves the hardship suffered by the destitute, the poor and the needy with limited, insufficient income. This study recommends that zakat institutions and private organizations consider the necessary measures to foster the role of zakat in medical care for the poor and the needy, just as it recommends that contemporary scholars address Shariah issues that relate to the role of zakat in social development. Keywords: Shariah Issues, Zakat, Micro takaful.

HUBUNGAN PERAN FAMILY CAREGIVER TERHADAP QUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
RIANI PRADARA JATI ◽  
Sekar Farah Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family

  Penempatan peran yang baik bagi Family Caregiver sangatlah membantu lansia dalam meningkatkah qualitas hidupnya, meningkatkan motivasi dalam menjalankan hidup Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui hubungan peran Family Caregiver dalam pemenuhan qualitas hidup bagi lansia di Kelurahan Langenharjo Kabupaten Kendal. DesainPenelitianDeskriptifKorelasional menggunakan pendekatan Krosectional,tehnikSamplingStratified Simple Random Sampling dengan karakteristik heterogen, dari populasi mempunyai hak yang sama untuk diseleksi sebagai sampel teknik undianPengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik Chi-square, dengan taraf signifikasi 5%jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 70 sampel pada Family Caregiver dari 213 populasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian dari 70 responden didapatkan Peran Family Caregiver tidak baik dengan qualitas hidup tidak baik 33 (47,1%), sedangkan Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik 3 (4,3%). Untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik sebanyak 6 responden (8,6%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik sebanyak 23 responden (32,9%). Terakhir, untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik didapatkan hasil 2 responden (2, 9%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik didapatkan hasil 3 responden (4,3%)Menunjukkan nilai ρ value 0,001 (ρ < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan lansia dalam keikutsertaan posyandu lansia. Disarankan kepada semua Family Cregiver lansia untuk mampu memahami pentingnya perhatian, dukungan bagi lansia dalammeningkatkan qualitas hidup yang lebih baik bagi lansia.   Kata kunci : Peran family caregiver, qualitas hidup, lansia.   ABSTRACT Placement of a good role for Family Caregiver is very helpful for the elderly to improve their quality of life, increase motivation in living life Research Objective: To know the relationship between the role of Family Caregiver in fulfilling quality of life for the elderly in Langenharjo Village, Kendal Regency. Descriptive Correlational Research Design uses a cross sectional approach, Sampling Stratified Simple Random Sampling technique with heterogeneous characteristics, from the population has the same right to be selected as a sample lottery technique Retrieving data using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Test Chi-square statistics, with a significance level of 5% the number of samples in this study 70 samples on the Family Caregiver from 213 populations. Results of the Study Of 70 respondents found the role of Family Caregiver was not good with poor quality of life 33 (47.1%) , while the role of the Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of a good elderly 3 (4.3%). For the distribution of the role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of the poor family as many as 6 respondents (8.6%) while for the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of good elderly as many as 23 respondents (32.9%). Finally, the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the poor is obtained by 2 respondents (2, 9%), while the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the elderly is obtained by 3 respondents (4.3%). 0.001 (ρ <0.05) means that there is a relationship between family support and the compliance of the elderly in the participation of the elderly posyandu. It is recommended to all elderly Cregiver families to be able to understand the importance of attention, support for the elderly in improving the quality of life better for the elderly   Keywords: Role of Family Caregiver, Quality of Life, Elderly

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

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