scholarly journals CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PEACHES FROM CLASTEROSPORIOSIS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Boyjigitov Fozil Mukhammadievich
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Chemical Protection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Triple Treatment ◽  
Fungus Disease

Peach varieties Istikbol and Gulnoz were found to be resistant to clasterosporiosis. The incidence rate ranged from 13.0 to 45.0%, with the severity of the disease from 8.0 to 22.7%. In the fight against clasterosporiosis, the chemical method is considered the most effective. For chemical protection, it is recommended early spring triple treatment of trees in the following terms: 1 - before the buds swell; 2 - after blooming of trees; 3 - two weeks after blooming, with one of the following fungicides: Skor 250 EC (normally 0.02% suspension), Kresoxin 50% WDG. (0.02%), Topsin-M 70% WP (0.1%) and Falcon 46% EC (0.05%) against peach clasterosporiosis. KEYWORDS: peach, fungus, disease, clasterosporiosis, fungicide, efficiency, productivity

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SEASONAL MANIFESTATION OF BRUCELLOSIS INFECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
K. M. Kurbonov ◽  
E. G. Simonova ◽  
N. N. Filatov
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work was to study modern manifestations of seasonal brucellosis among the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. The materials and methods: of the study were the official statistics, as well as the results of previously performed studies on the risk assessment of the incidence in population. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of annual incidence rate for the period from 1997 to 2016 was conducted, depending on the most significant social and environmental risk factors. Results. The article shows the impact on the annual incidence rate of socio-economic transformations, including the privatization of collective livestock farms, accompanied by the massive movement of farm animals to private ownership, the loss of practice in animal breeding, and changes in environmental and climatic conditions. Against the background of the intensification of sheep breeding, there is a tendency in seasonality smoothing and shifting the maximum levels of population incidence of brucellosis to the spring season. Conclusion. The modern features of seasonal manifestation of brucellosis infection in the Republic of Tajikistan make it necessary to apply a differentiated approach to planning and conducting preventive measures in various areas of the country.

scholarly journals Rise in 2017-2018 measles morbidity in Serbia and Northwest Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-734
Author(s):  
V. D. Stoiljkovic ◽  
M. A. Bichurina ◽  
I. N. Lavrentieva ◽  
S. B. Filipovic-Vignjevic ◽  
M. D. Bancevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Test System ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Measles Incidence

In 2017, the WHO registered 23,927 measles cases in 44 out of 53 countries in the European region. In 2018, measles incidence rate increased up to 82,599 cases registered in 48 countries of the region, with a large number of measles-associated deaths. Overall, 72 measles fatalities were registered in 10 European countries, including Serbia (15 cases).Aim of the study: to characterize 2017—2018 epidemiological upsurge of measles incidence rate observed in the Republic of Serbia (RS) and the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. During the 2017—2018 season, 944 serum samples were collected from patients with measles, rubella, or exanthematous diseases in the NWFD and tested in the Laboratory of Virology at the St. Petersburg Regional Centre for Measles Surveillance (SPbRC). In 2017—2018, 2,946 serum samples from the Republic of Serbia were analyzed in the SPbRC by using ELISA with IgM measles test system (Vector-Best, Russia; or Siemens, Germany). Urine and swab samples were examined by RT-PCR and used for isolation and genotyping of measles viruses.Results. From 2017 to 2018, 5,798 measles cases were registered in the RS, among which 2,946 were laboratory-confirmed (serological testing and/or PCR). Unvaccinated subjects or those with unknown vaccination status accounted for majority of the cases. Children under 5 years of age and adults aged 30 years and over dominated among measles patients. During this season, 15 deaths were reported. Several genotypes of measles virus circulated in the RS, e.g. В3 Dublin, D8 Gir Somnath, and D8 Herborn. In 2018, 109 measles cases were recorded in the NWFD, 5 of which were imported from abroad. Among patients, adults comprised 64.2%, wherein 74.3% were covered by unvaccinated subjects or those with unknown vaccination status. Rise in measles incidence rate linked to multiple importations of various measles virus genotypes: В3 Kabul; B3 Dublin; D8 Frankfurt; D8 Cambridge; and D8 Gir Somnath.

CHEMICAL CONTROL OF INSECTS ATTACKING ALFALFA IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Davey ◽  
G. F. Manson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Adequate Control

Surveys in southwestern Ontario in 1953 and 1954 showed that the initial small numbers of sucking insects found in alfalfa fields in early spring tended to increase rapidly as the season progressed. Each time the hay was cut the number of insects was reduced but the invading population soon built up, often to economic proportions. A spray of malathion, perthane, toxaphene, or heptachlor, applied in the spring of 1954, prevented the usual build-up of spittlebug nymphs. Each of the insecticides tested, except heptachlor, increased the yield of the first cutting of hay. An application after each of the first and second cuttings did not give adequate control of sucking insects present and did not increase either cutting of hay.

Influence of level of a nitric food on efficiency and quality of grain of winter wheat in the conditions of Predkamya of RT

10.12737/3828 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Газизов ◽  
Ilyas Gazizov ◽  
Фадеева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Republic

Winter wheat productivity and grain quality is largely dependent on the availability of mineral elements of plants throughout the growing season. [2] Early spring fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers contributes to more rapid growth of the root system, further tillering, strengthening of ear shoots development and highest yield increase. Application of fertilizers, containing micronutrients (Akvarin 5), having a complex effect on plants, is perspective in high quality grain production. In this paper, we studied the effect of nitrogen nutrition and trace elements on grain productivity and quality, perspective and zoned species in the Republic of Tatarstan. Spring introduction of nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate leads to an increase the density of productive plant stand to 10.0%, crop yield to 20%. Treating the plant by Akvarin5 preparation in tillering period, it increases the density of plant stand of winter wheat on average 2.89%, productivity to 4.3% or 0.21 tons per hectare, compared to one with a nitrogen fertilizing. Akvarin 5 preparation leads to weight rising of 1000 grains more significant at making it in earing - flowering phase, than in the phase of tillering. It also increases the weight of the grain and gluten content. A greater influence on the nature of grain has a nitrogen fertilizer, than treatment by Akvarin 5.

scholarly journals Anthrax in the East Kazakhstan Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Lukhnova ◽  
T. K. Erubaev ◽  
U. A. Izbanova ◽  
T. V. Meka-Mechenko ◽  
E. B. Sansyzbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Relative Incidence ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Republic

Almost every year in Kazakhstan, cases of diseases of animals and people with anthrax are recorded. The incidence rate of people with anthrax in the period from 2000 to 2018 ranged from 0.01 to 0.24 per 100 thousand people. In the territory of the East Kazakhstan region, the incidence rate is higher than in the republic.Objective: a retrospective analysis of anthrax outbreaks in the East Kazakhstan region from 2000 to 2018.Methods: a retrospective analysis using statistical, cadastral data, archival funds, the results of participation in the investigation of outbreaks of infection.Results. Since 1938, cases of animal and human disease of anthrax have been recorded in East Kazakhstan. Infection of humans occurs during the slaughter of animals. In Zharma, Urjar, and Ayagozskiy areas most of all are anthrax foci of soil. In 67 % of cases, outbreaks of anthrax were recorded in these areas.Conclusion. The relative incidence rate of anthrax in people in East Kazakhstan is from 0.07 to 0.27, since 2001 it is higher than the republican indicator.In the East Kazakhstan region from 1997 to 2018, 37 people fell ill with anthrax. The form of the disease is skin, in 8.1 % secondary sepsis. In the remaining patients, the diseases were mild (70.3 %), ended in recovery. The source of human infection is mainly cattle. The isolated strains of B. anthracis have typical properties, they are included in cluster A1a, A3b (MLVA-8). The strains isolated in 2016 are similar to the strains isolated in the Almaty region (MLVA-25). Grouped with a number of European, Asian and African strains from France, Germany, Italy, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Korea and Namibia. The presence of a significant number of soil foci of anthrax in the territory of the East Kazakhstan region, not fully the implementation of veterinary and sanitary preventive measures leads to an exacerbation of the situation for anthrax. 

scholarly journals About Recurrence of Epidemic Process of Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
A. A. Yakovlev ◽  
M. S. Kornilov ◽  
E. S. Pozdeeva ◽  
L. S. Burnasheva ◽  
N. A. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Statistics ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Relevance. The problem of the cyclical nature of the epidemic process (EP) in various infections, including tuberculosis, remains poorly understood. Aim. To study the cyclical nature of the epidemic process of tuberculosis using the example of the territories of the Primorsky Territory and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The accounting and reporting documents of official medical statistics were used. The incidence of tuberculosis in the population of Primorsky Krai was analyzed from 1951 to 2016, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – from 1962 to 2016. For comparison, we used data on the incidence of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation for 1960–2016. Results and discussion. On the basis of data for more than a 60-year period, the dynamics of the development of EP of tuberculosis among the population of the Primorsky Territory and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was studied in comparison with that of the Russian Federation as a whole. Conclusion. It is shown that the dynamics of the incidence in the analyzed territories is characterized by synchronism and two periods of an increased incidence rate are distinguished in it: the 50s – the beginning of the 70s of the last century and from the end of the 80s to the present.

scholarly journals Effect of mexidol on the efficiency of intravenous thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke during the therapeutic window

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Knni ◽  
T. V. Dyomin ◽  
L. B. Adeeva
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Positive Effect

Objective: to evaluate the effect of intravenous mexidol on the efficiency of intravenous thrombolytic therapy (TLT) during the therapeutic window. Patients and methods. The retrospective study enrolled 123 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) who had undergone intravenous TLT in the vascular centers of the Republic of Tatarstan. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the time course of changes in their neurological status. According to the baseline severity of a neurological deficit, all the patients were divided into three subgroups: 1) mild IS (<8 NIHSS scores at admission); 2) moderate IS (>8 scores); and 3) severe IS (<16 scores). All the patients underwent X-ray computed tomography at admission, at 24 hours after TLT, and in case of worsening of their health status. Results. The prehospital use of mexidol followed by TLT in patients with IS had a positive effect on the regression of neurological deficit regardless of the severity of the disease. There were significant differences in the degree of regression of neurological deficit according to NIHSS at 24 hours and 10 days after hospital admission in patients with severe IS, who received intravenous mexidol at the prehospital stage and who did not take this drug before TLT. The pre-TLT use of mexidol contributed to higher regression of neurological deficit. There was a lower frequency of hemorrhagic transformations in the patients who used mexidol at the prehospital stage versus those who did not. Conclusion. The findings demonstrate the positive effect of mexidol on the efficiency and safety of TLT in patients with IS.

scholarly journals The search for genetic factors of predisposition to the development of liver cirrhosis in the course of viral hepatitis B in patients from the Republic of Bashkortostan

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
G T Gusmanova ◽  
D Kh Kalimullina ◽  
A B Bakirov ◽  
R I Khusainova
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Aim. To identify the clinical and genetic associations of polymorphisms of the detoxification of xenobiotics genes during liver cirrhosis that developed as a result of viral hepatitis B. Methods. The study randomly included 38 patients with liver cirrhosis at the age of 25 to 54 years. The control group consisted of 147 healthy individuals. Conducted was an analysis of mutations in the deletion polymorphism of gene CYP1A1, leading to the replacement of the amino acid isoleucine with valine (Ile462Val) in position 462 of the cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 and polymorphism of the gene GSTM1, which codes an enzyme antioxidant enzyme from the family of glutathione-S-transferase in patients with liver cirrhosis, which developed as a result of hepatitis B with the aim to identify possible associations with an increased risk and severity of the disease. Results. Revealed was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of patients with genotype Ile-Val/(+) compared to genotype Ile-Ile/(+), established was an association between the genotype S65C/N with polymorphism S65C of the gene HFE and liver cirrhosis of combined genesis (viral B + toxic). Conclusion. Ile462Val genotype of the CYP1A1 gene of the cytochrome P450, as well as the presence of a deletion of the glutathione-S-transferase M1 gene are risk factors for the development of liver cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis B.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENCE RATE OF COVID-19, ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES, INFLUENZA AND COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN RUSSIA ACCORDING TO CLIMATE, GEOGRAFICAL ASPECTS AND POPULATION DENSITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Pshenichnaya ◽  
Irina Lizinfeld ◽  
Grigory Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Background: Understanding the impact of geographical aspects and population density on the incidence rate (IR) of respiratory infections in Russia is necessary for successful control under the epidemic. Aim: to estimate the increase in IR of respiratory infections in 2020 compared to the same period of 2016-2019 Materials and methods: a retrospective study of IR of COVID-19, ARI, influenza and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in summarily (respiratory infections and COVID-19 morbidity) in the first half of 2020 in comparison with morbidity of ARI, influenza and CAP (respiratory infections morbidity) the same period of 2016-2019 in 85 regions was performed. Additionally the influence of climate on COVID-19 morbidity were estimated. Results: The highest excess of respiratory infections and COVID-19 morbidity in 2020 versus the average respiratory infections morbidity in 2016-2019 was observed in Buryatia-107.61%; Zabaykalsky Krai -134.09%; Tuva – 166.34%; the Kaliningrad region – 1023.41%; the Republic of Altai – 1212.78%; Dagestan – 2030.27%. Buryatia, Tuva, Altai and Zabaykalsky Krai are located next to the China, and also border each other. The Kaliningrad region borders on the EU countries. Dagestan has a maritime border with 3 states, including Iran, where the epidemic COVID-19 began earlier. In 43 of the 85 regions of Russia, this excess was 10-50%; in 35 subjects varied from 50% to 100%. The correlation between the incidence of COVID-19 and the population density in the regions was weak (r=0.26). The air pollution, has also a weak relationship (r=0.26) to the incidence rate. Moderate relationship was observed between the severity of negative temperatures in winter and the level of morbidity(r=-0.51). Milder climate probably contributed to the longer persistence of the virus in the environment and social activity. Conclusion: Russian regions bordering the PRC, the EU, Central Asia and the Middle East demonstrated the highest IR of influenza, ARI, CAP and COVID-19in summarility in the first part of this year versus the morbidity of influenza, ARI, CAP in average in first half of 2016-2019. IR of COVID-19 has weak correlation with population density and air pollution and moderate negative correlation with winter temperature.

scholarly journals Incidence, clinical features, and outcomes of COVID-19 in Canada: impact of sex and age

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob O’Brien ◽  
Kevin Y. Du ◽  
Chun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Lower Incidence Rate ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMale sex and older age have been reported to be associated with worse outcomes from COVID-19. It was postulated that estrogens may play a role in reducing the severity of the disease and may therefore offer a treatment option for COVID-19 patients. However, more female cases and deaths from COVID-19 have been recorded in Canada. To determine the potential role of estrogens, we analyzed COVID-19 data from Canada, focusing on the impact of sex and age. Although the overall incidence rate is higher in females than in males, when several high risk groups, including health care workers and long-term care residences, which are predominantly females, were excluded, we found that females had a lower incidence rate than males between the ages of 20s to 70s. Interestingly, this sex-based difference is more evident in females of the reproductive ages (20–49) than in postmenopausal patients (60s or older). Males have significantly higher hospitalization, ICU admission, and case fatality rates; however, a greater difference was observed in the older age groups. Finally, symptom manifestation varied between sexes. Some of the symptoms, which were more frequently observed in patients who recovered than patients who died, were more commonly observed in females of the reproductive age compared to their male counterparts. Since only females of the reproductive age have much higher circulating estrogens than males, these findings suggest that estrogens may play a role in reducing COVID-19 incidence and in the development of symptoms, especially those related to better survival.

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