REGULATION OF THE CIRCULATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND: SEARCH FOR A UKRAINIAN MODEL

Introduction. The prerequisites for the circulation of agricultural land in Ukraine are considered in the article. The attention is paid to the peculiarities in comparison with other countries, which is important when choosing the Ukrainian model of the circulation of agricultural land. The purpose of the article is to study systematically the existed agricultural models of the circulation of agricultural land in the world and to determine the most appropriate one for Ukraine in the current geopolitical conditions. The results of the research. The classification of the agricultural land circulation models is proposed for the entities that can be market participants. The determined components that need clear regulation in the Ukrainian model are identified on the analysis basis of agricultural land circulation models existing in different countries of the world. These include entities that may be market participants; presence or absence of special entities; presence or absence of priority for the purchase of agricultural land; maximum area of agricultural land that can be privately owned by one person; food security mechanism; state mechanism of market regulation. The influence of each component on the market model in different countries is considered. It is proved that all countries whose market models are considered successful have a high level of state regulation aimed at protecting of national interests and supporting of domestic family-type farms. The conclusions. A village-saving model of agricultural land circulation has been proposed for Ukraine, which involves giving farmers a priority in the purchase of agricultural land, the creation of a State Land Bank and a State Reserve of agricultural land that cannot be transferred to private property to guarantee the country's food security. Keywords: agricultural land circulation, land market, moratorium, market model, agricultural land circulation model.

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Urban Agriculture: Search for Agricultural Practice in Urbanized Rural Areas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1461-1469.1432 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 1461

Author(s):

Celile Özçiçek Dölekoğlu ◽

Sema Gün

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Urban Agriculture ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

The World ◽

The One

Rapid urbanization in developing countries involves unplanned migration, unemployment and poverty. The steady shrinking of rural areas and the use of agricultural land for other purposes are progressively increasing the pressure on natural resources. This development on the one hand increases the risk to food security, and on the other triggers climate change. The rural population who migrate to the cities or who are absorbed into urban areas continue their agricultural activities in the urban in order to provide themselves with an income or to maintain their food security. In the big cities of the developed world, contact with nature is kept by means of hobby gardens, recreational areas and urban and suburban plant and animal farming, and creative ideas such as roof gardens can be found. This development, known as urban agriculture, is practiced by 800 million people in the world. Urban agriculture has many economic, social and environmental benefits, but it may also have risks and adverse effects. In this study, the developments in this area in Turkey and the world are presented, and all aspects of its effects and outcomes are discussed.

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KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER IN THE ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM: THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL ADVISORY SERVICE

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development ◽

10.17306/j.jard.2019.01111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ruta Śpiewak ◽

Jakub Jasiński

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Spatial Differentiation ◽

Economic Factor ◽

Farming System ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Global Correlation ◽

The World ◽

Per Capita

This paper addresses the spatial differentiation of food consumption patterns. The objective is to identify theeconomic and natural determinants of consumption levels and of differences in foodstuffs consumed around the world in the 2000s. The study was based on data delivered by FAOSTAT and the World Bank. An analysis was performed of global correlation trends between economic factors (GDP per capita), natural and geographic factors (agricultural land per capita, and the food availability status. Also, cluster analysis was used to group the countries around the world by percentage share of plant, animal and aquaculture products in the dietary energy consumption (kcal/capita/day), and by agricultural land per capita. Based on the analyses, the economic factor was found to significantly prevail as a determinant of food security fordifferent nations. The size of the dietary energy consumption and the share of animal products in it depend primarily on the domestic product per capita. Also noticed was the relatively low importance of natural conditions, expressed in this paper as agricultural land per capita. Based on previous research, the suitability of land for agricultural purposes was found to be historically important for human settlement around the world, though currently it is not the key determinant of food security. Also, the importance of aquaculture in addressing the global population’s food needs was found to be marginal though spatially differentiated.

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Land market: the perspectives for Ukraine and Ukrainians

Law. Human. Environment ◽

10.31548/law2021.01.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Danylenko Bohdan ◽

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Organized Crime ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Market ◽

Court System ◽

Land Resources ◽

Agricultural Lands ◽

Society Business ◽

The World

Since 2001, the time when Land code of Ukraine was adopted and the campaign of land privatization was held, the restriction for sale of agricultural lands is in force. In 2019 new Ukrainian government announced the end of restriction and the opening of land market in 2020. The author examines the present state of land relations in Ukraine to make the conclusion whether Ukraine is ready for land market. Ukraine has one of the best agricultural lands in the world. They occupy 70 % of the territory of the country. The percentage of arable lands is the highest in the world – more than 50 %. Land reform in Ukraine was started in 1991 and is still not finished. As a result of reform peasants became owners of most of agricultural lands. So land market is a crucial theme for the country. Despite of the fact, that citizens are owners of land parcels, most of them are removed from agriculture. Tenants are those, who really have the profit. Big profit. Owners get low rent and know nothing about the real cost of their own land, the crops, that raise constantly and the money they bring. A big part of tenants are foreign companies. Such foreign investments, unfortunately, bring nothing for the economy of Ukraine. The government does not protect national agriculture. In opposite, it ruines it. Before privatization the owners of agricultural land were was companies based on cooperation. Due to administrative pressure they were destroyed by privatization of land. New owners instantly became the victims of tenants. Now the reform of self government is held in Ukraine. It provides the amalgamation of villages and transmission of powers from the state to local authorities. This will result in loss of land resources by local people. The climate change is crucial theme for agriculture. Population on the planet grows but agricultural lands constantly disappear. In this context Ukrainian lands have strategic value in global scale. It may seem incredibly, but issues of climate change and land market are never examined together in Ukraine. But they are examined in such way by countries, that have not enough land resources but enough money to buy them. This brings us to the other important issue – the food security. Even now 90 % of crop is exported abroad. Internal market is not provided sufficiently by domestic agriculture. Ukraine is number one in the world in production of sunflower-seed oil, but we still have to import it! What does it mean? It means that crops are controlled only by private persons in private interests. Public interests are not provided. The perspective of acquisition of land by foreign countries in such situation is threatening for the country. The rule of law in Ukraine is not working. The court system is weak, corrupted and politically influenced. The right of property has not enough respect in society. Business works illegally. The latter is used by the organized crime, especially in agricultural business. The organized crime in this sphere is stronger than ever. As a result of conducted research, the author makes conclusion, that Ukraine presently is not ready for land market. Keywords: land, climate, market, investments, corruption, food security

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Green Water and Food Security

The Oxford Handbook of Food, Water and Society ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190669799.013.43 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 44-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Garrison Sposito

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Green Water ◽

World Food ◽

The World ◽

Global Increase ◽

Water And Food Security ◽

Crop Biomass

Green water is defined as the water in soil that is potentially available to plants for uptake and subsequent transpiration. Despite the fact that crop biomass is directly related to transpiration and the global transpiration flow alone matches that of all the rivers in the world, green water has until recently been largely neglected in research on food security. That long neglect is redressed by a review of recent research on the role of green water in the production of agricultural commodities to meet current and future world food demand, including how the differences in water requirement between plant-based and animal-based commodities play out in respect to the food-water nexus. Informed by current literature, a case is made for optimizing green water management to achieve a global increase in food production from 20 to 40 percent without an expansion of either agricultural land use or the volume of water withdrawn for irrigation.

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The World Experience in the Regulation of the Land Circulation

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n2p557 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 557-568

Author(s):

Grygorii Kaletnik ◽

Inna Honcharuk ◽

Tetiana Yemchyk ◽

Yuliia Okhota

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Land Market ◽

Agricultural Land Use ◽

Land Resources ◽

Land Circulation ◽

The World

The article examines the state of the agricultural development in Ukraine in the context of the crop and livestock industries. The use of land resources by different owners and the structure of agricultural land were also analyzed. The problems of the development of the electronic cadastre of the land resources were identified. The proposals to use the world experience of agricultural land use in Ukraine were substantiated. The proposals for the improvement the legal framework in the field of the agricultural land circulation were elaborated. Keywords: land market, gross production, world experience, crop production, animal husbandry, land resources

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al-Tanmiyyah al-zira’iyyah al-mustadamah fi al-Sudan bayna al-tumuh wa al-waqi‘

Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari ◽

10.37231/jimk.2020.21.1.353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 161-183

Author(s):

Abdullah al-Tayyib Musa Muhammad ◽

Wan Mohd Yusof Wan Chik ◽

Mohd Borhanuddin Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Agricultural Finance ◽

The World ◽

The Republic ◽

Many Sources ◽

World Food Security

This paper dealt with the subject of sustainable agricultural development in Sudan, whereby it mentioned the importance and status of the agricultural sector in Sudan to the citizens and the whole world. Sudan represents the food basket of the Arab, Islamic and African world and is one of the dependable countries in achieving world food security. The paper also addressed the types of agriculture in Sudan and the arrangement of agricultural crops grown in Sudan and its position on the global map of agricultural products. The data of this research has been collected from the sources and references that dealt with these aspects in addition to the reports available at various authorities, especially the Sudanese Governmental bodies represented in the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Sudan, and materials, reports, studies and researches published in the World Wide Web (Internet). This paper concluded that Sudan has many geographical components that can make it a pioneer in the field of sustainable agricultural development, due to its potentialities to produce various agricultural crops that contribute to the achievement of food security for it and for the world as a whole. With these potentialities it can play an effective role in alleviating poverty and achieving sustainable agricultural development conducive to economic and social development based upon agricultural production. The components of sustainable agricultural development in the Sudan are the diversity of the climate, the diversity of agricultural land, the different soil and the availability of water resources from many sources, such as the Nile River, its tributaries, groundwater and rainwater. This is in addition to the availability of suitable areas for agriculture and the existence of agricultural workers with extensive technical expertise and full knowledge of various agricultural works. The paper also concluded that Sudan has a wide variety of agricultural crops, but it faces many problems that negatively impact crop areas and the quantities produced. These include drought, desertification, poor agricultural finance and the lack of modern scientific methods in agriculture and narrow markets. The paper recommended the need for agricultural finance, the opening of new markets abroad, the expansion of modern methods, the development of new varieties of improved seeds and the fight against drought and desertification. تناولت هذه الورقة موضوع التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في السودان، حيث أوردت أهمية ومكانة القطاع الزراعي في السودان بالنسبة للمواطنين وبالنسبة للعالم أجمع ،فالسودان يمثل سلة غذاء العالم العربي والإسلامي والإفريقي وهو من الدول المعوَل عليها في تحقيق الأمن الغذائي للعالم أجمع ،كما تناولت هذه الورقة أنواع الزراعة في السودان وترتيب المحاصيل الزراعية التي تُزرع في السودان ووضعها في الخارطة العالمية للمنتوجات الزراعية، وقد تم جمع مادة هذه الورقة من المصادر والمراجع التي تناولت هذه الجوانب بالإضافة الى التقارير المتوفرة لدى الجهات المختلفة وخاصه الجهات الحكومية السودانية متمثلة في وزارة الزراعة بجمهورية السودان، والمواد والتقارير والدراسات والبحوث المنشورة في الشبكة العالمية العنكبوتية (الإنترنت) .وخلصت هذه الورقة الى أن السودان يمتلك مقومات جغرافية عديدة يمكن أن تجعله رائداَ في مجال التنمية الزراعية المستدامة ؛ لماله من الإمكانات لإنتاج محاصيل زراعية مختلفة تساهم في تحقيق الأمن الغذائي له وللعالم أجمع وبهذه الإمكانيات يمكن أن يلعب دوراً فاعلاً في تخفيف حدّة الفقر وتحقيق تنمية زراعية مستدامة تؤدى الى تنمية اقتصادية واجتماعية ،أساسها الإنتاج الزراعي. وتتمثل مقومات التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في السودان في تنوع المناخ وتنوع الأرض الزراعية مختلفة التربة وتوفر موارد مائية من مصادر عديدة، كنهر النيل وروافده والمياه الجوفية ومياه الأمطار هذا بجانب توفر المساحات الصالحة للزراعة ووجود عمالة زراعية ذات خبرة فنية واسعة ومعرفة تامة بالأعمال الزراعية المختلفة. وخلصت هذه الورقة أيضاً الى أن للسودان محاصيل زراعية متنوعة وكثيرة ولكنه يواجه الكثير من المشاكل التي تؤثر سلباً على المساحات المزروعة بالمحاصيل والكميات المنتجة منها، ومن هذه المشاكل الجفاف والتصحر وضعف التمويل الزراعي وعدم استخدام الأساليب العلمية الحديثة في الزراعة وضيق الأسواق. وأوصت هذه الورقة بضرورة توفير التمويل الزراعي، وفتح أسواق جديدة بالخارج والتوسع في الأساليب الحديثة واستنباط أصناف جديدة من البذور المحسنة ومكافحة الجفاف والتصحر.

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SPATIAL AND ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF DIFFERENT FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AROUND THE WORLD

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development ◽

10.17306/j.jard.2019.01109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 69-76

Author(s):

Arkadiusz Sadowski

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Economic Factor ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Global Correlation ◽

The World ◽

Per Capita

This paper addresses the spatial differentiation of food consumption patterns. The objective is to identify the economic and natural determinants of consumption levels and of differences in foodstuffs consumed around the world in the 2000s. The study was based on data delivered by FAOSTAT and the World Bank. An analysis was performed of global correlation trends between economic factors (GDP per capita), natural and geographic factors (agricultural land per capita, and the food availability status. Also, cluster analysis was used to group the countries around the world by percentage share of plant, animal and aquaculture products in the dietary energy consumption (kcal/capita/day), and by agricultural land per capita. Based on the analyses, the economic factor was found to significantly prevail as a determinant of food security for different nations. The size of the dietary energy consumption and the share of animal products in it depend primarily on the domestic product per capita. Also noticed was the relatively low importance of natural conditions, expressed in this paper as agricultural land per capita. Based on previous research, the suitability of land for agricultural purposes was found to be historically important for human settlement around the world, though currently it is not the key determinant of food security. Also, the importance of aquaculture in addressing the global population’s food needs was found to be marginal though spatially differentiated.

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Legal Regulation of the Level of Food Provision for the Population of Ukraine

Business Inform ◽

10.32983/2222-4459-2021-1-171-176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (516) ◽

pp. 171-176

Author(s):

H. I. Vorzhevitina ◽

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Legal Status ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Food Prices ◽

State Regulation ◽

The State ◽

Retail Trade ◽

Subsistence Minimum ◽

Food Provision

The article is concerned with studying the problems of legal regulation of the level of food provision for the population of Ukraine. The norms of both the legislative and by-law acts regulating food security and food provision, as well as the work of scholars who studied this problem before, were examined. Food provision for the population of Ukraine can be defined as the State-based providing citizens of Ukraine with access to food of proper quality in the amount sufficient for the normal functioning of the human body and preservation of its health. This concept is closely related to the concept of food security. Food security is a state of physical provision by the main food groups of the appropriate level of quality and safety, as well as the forming of the State food reserve not lower than the officially established limit norm. The level of food provision for the population of Ukraine should meet the needs of citizens in a sufficient amount of food of proper quality. The normative legal acts regulating the level of food provision for the population of Ukraine can be divided into the following groups: defining requirements for the safety and quality of food products; consolidating the legal status of food producers; carrying out legislative regulation of the legal status of agricultural land; establishing measures of the State support for food producers; implementing the State regulation of imports of agricultural products; intended for legal regulation of wholesale and retail trade in foods; ensuring the State regulation of food prices; determining standards of the subsistence minimum for the citizens of Ukraine. Proposals on amendments to the Law of Ukraine «On subsistence minimum» to ensure an adequate level of food provision for the population of Ukraine are formulated.

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