scholarly journals Strategic Communication and Prevention of Violent Extremism through Education: The Case of Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Mimoza Hasani Pllana
Keyword(s):  
Violent Behavior ◽  
National Level ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
National Education ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Communication Frameworks

Strategic communication is an important asset when countering violent extremism at an institutional level, whereas its objective is to give emphasis to internal communication models that function within given organizations and institutions. Internet is one of the main communication frameworks used by violent extremist groups nowadays. Social media networks, such as YouTube for example, are among the most used communication forms used to recruit youngsters and other persons to join the conflict zones in the Middle East. State institutions in Kosovo have acted in preventing violent extremism by drafting national level strategies countering violent extremism. One of the main pillars that is foreseen as an important tool to prevent and react against this negative phenomenon is better education of children and youngsters. Therefore, national education institutions have an important responsibility to counter extremist narratives through internal and external communication as well as to address issues that can aggravate violent behavior and actions.   Received: 12 December 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021

Concealing Conflict Markets: How Rebels and Firms Use State Institutions to Launder Wartime Trade

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Rachel Sweet
Keyword(s):  
State Agencies ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Rebel Governance ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Trade Deals

Abstract Although rebel groups are players on the international stage, little is known about their financial strategies at this scale. Existing research suggests that rebels succeed in cross-border trade by using informal networks that evade state authority. Yet rebels face a critical challenge: they operate in a normative environment that values state recognition and penalizes their illegitimate status. New evidence reveals that rebels can overcome this barrier and better connect to global economies not by evading the state but by infiltrating its institutions. Drawing on unprecedented data—the internal records of armed groups and their trading partners—I examine how rebels use state agencies in conflict zones to manufacture a legal cover for wartime trade. By using state agencies to provide false certification, rebels can place the stamp of state on their trade deals. This strategy of legal appropriation is a fundamentally different model of how conflict markets skirt sanctions and connect to global buyers. I develop a framework for how this strategy works that traces how international sovereignty norms and sanctions regimes create incentives for rebels, firms, and bureaucrats to coordinate around this legal veneer across the supply chain. The framework and evidence contribute theoretical and policy understandings for rebel governance, state building and fragmentation, and illicit global markets.

scholarly journals Introduction to the analysis of public policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Prof. univ. dr. habil. Mihaela Rus ◽  
Lect. univ. dr. Mihaela Sandu ◽  
Tanase Tasente
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Applied Approach

We can talk about public policies when a public authority - central or local - intends, with the help of a coordinated action program, to modify the economic, social, cultural environment of social actors. At national level, public policies can appear from any of the major state institutions (Parliament, President, Government, central or local authorities). The study of public policies is different from the traditional academic research, having an applied approach, oriented towards: (1) designing and developing solutions for the problems of society, (2) Interdisciplinarity, (3) Orientation towards problem solving: it does not have a purely academic character, but it is oriented towards the problems of the real world, looking for solutions for them, (4) Normativity. The general stages of this process are as follows: (1) defining the problem, (2) making the decision, (3) implementation of public policy, (4) monitoring and evaluation of public policy.

scholarly journals The Actuality of Some Principles and Ideas of Law Philosophy Issued by Mircea Djuvara

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (35) ◽  
pp. 38-51
Author(s):  
Marţian Iovan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Power ◽  
National Level ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Law

Abstract The author analyzes in this paper principles and ides of philosophy of law issued by Mircea Djuvara, which preserve their contemporaneity, being useful for the perfecting of the state institutions and of the democracy not only at national level, but also at European Union one. His ideas and logical demonstration on the rational fundamentals of law, the autonomy of the moral and legal conscience, the specificity of truth and of juridical knowledge, the philosophical substantiation of power and Constitution, the principles of the democracy and the connections between the political power and the law are just few of the original elements due to which Djuvara became an acknowledged and respected personality not only in Romania, but also in the experts clubs of the Europe between the two World Wars.

Leveraging on Digital Footprints to Identify Potential Security Threats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1003-1017
Author(s):  
Loo Seng Neo
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Technological Interventions ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Footprints ◽  
Malicious Intent

The growing pervasiveness of the internet and the rise of social media have revolutionised how individuals communicate and interact with one another. Serving as an effective conduit for communication, these technological advancements have also been exploited by individuals with malicious intent (e.g., criminals, violent extremists). As the world witnesses an upward trend of such crime and security concerns in the online sphere, it places the ‘responsibility' on intelligence and law enforcement agencies to respond with the appropriate technological interventions. Thus, this article will discuss how digital footprints can be leveraged to identify potential security threats, particularly for crime and security issues that will result in negative repercussion at the national level, such as acts of violent extremism and hate crimes.

Interview with Mira Kusumarini

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (911) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Executive Director ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Image Position

Even during armed conflict and other situations of violence, all children are entitled to their rights and protections as children without distinction based on their age, gender, religion, or whether they are associated with an armed group. Despite this, millions of children in conflict zones face discrimination, ostracization and stigmatization. This is particularly true for children affiliated with groups designated as “terrorist”, who face a range of challenges in reintegrating into society.Civil society can play an important role at the international, regional and domestic levels in helping children formerly associated with armed groups, or otherwise affected by armed conflict, to rejoin communities. Mira Kusumarini is a professional in the peace and security field in Indonesia who works to address the problems of women and children who have been associated with armed groups, and to help them reintegrate them into society. She is the Executive Director of the Coalition of Civil Society Against Violent Extremism (C-SAVE), a collaborative network of civil society organizations.In this interview, she discusses the challenges involved in the reintegration of children who have been associated with extremist groups in Indonesia and the stigma they face, as well as the importance of empathy in helping communities to heal.

scholarly journals Rational Choice Meets the New Politics: Choosing the Scottish Parliament’s Electoral System

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Alan Convery ◽  
Thomas Carl Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
National Level ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
New Politics ◽  
Scottish Parliament ◽  
Key Participants ◽  
Rules Of The Game ◽  
System Choice

AbstractAlthough there has been extensive research on electoral system choice at the national level, we know relatively little about the dynamics of deciding the rules of the game for sub-state institutions. This article examines the factors that influenced the choice of a proportional electoral system for the new Scottish Parliament in 1999. Through the use of archival sources and interviews with key participants, we challenge the conventional rational choice explanation for the adoption of the mixed-member proportional (MMP) system. Although rational considerations on the part of the Labour Party were involved in the choice of MMP, our findings suggest that, as at the national level, theories of electoral system choice need to consider normative values as well.

Pendidikan Kebangsaan Dalam Pesantren Perspektif Abdul Wahid Hasyim

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Umi Musaropah
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
National Level ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Educational History ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Hero

This educational history research is focused on the life, activities and thoughts of KH. A. Wahid Hasyim, a national hero of independence in developing national education in pesantren, an environment which he never left from birth to adulthood. In pesantren Tebuireng run by his family, he began to study and also applied his educational ideas. His contribution expanded to the national level after being involved in NU and national activities in his lifetime to serve as minister of religion including broadening understanding of Islam and its institutionalization in state activities. The idea of national education is based on the belief that the more languages mastered by students, the stronger the sense of nationalism in them. This needs to be balanced with the strengthening of local culture and religion in daily life.

Incumbents will dominate Nigerian gubernatorial polls

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Electoral Cycles ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Run Up

Significance The results will indicate whether newly re-elected President Muhammadu Buhari’s All Progressives Congress (APC) will continue to dominate at the sub-national level and will give clues about the future of Nigerian politics once Buhari finishes his second and final term in 2023. Impacts The longstanding political influence of zonal power-brokers may grow more fragmented in subsequent electoral cycles. The run-up to the May 29 presidential inauguration could see a wave of court battles over election results. Further disputed polls will intensify fears about the APC’s willingness to unfairly manipulate state institutions to its advantage.

scholarly journals Policies for Brazilian Distance Higher Education: Challenges of Expansion

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia María Haas ◽  
Lidiane Moutinho Neves ◽  
Marcus Danilo De Paula Stander
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
National Level ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Education In Brazil

The text focuses on national policies for Distance Higher Education (DHE) and aims to analyze the trajectory of policies under this modality and to reflect on the challenges that its growth poses for ensuring the quality of education. It is a documentary and bibliographic research, supported by a careful search of the legislation that rules and organizes the offer of distance higher education in Brazil, complemented by a careful review of the literature from authors who discuss the subject. The DHE regulation at the national level was consolidated with the approval of Federal Law No. 9.394 of December 20, 1996, Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Educación Nacional –LDBEN- (law on guidelines and bases of national education), giving way to a period of incentive for the implementation of this modality. In 2017, Federal Decree No. 9.057 of 25 May, supplemented by Portaria Regulation No. 11 of 20 June 2017, significantly altered the legislation and standardization of the Brazilian DHE with a strong favoring towards the accelerated expansion of distance higher education. Brazil has considerable challenges to be faced with regard to DHE, among which the quality of the education offer stands out, including service provision, access and permanence of students in higher education, the use of digital technologies and the expansion of this modality.  

scholarly journals The wonders of the Planetarium: intents and pitfalls for the implementation of a scientific facility in the midst of educational debates in Brazil in the 1930s

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Rochele Allgayer ◽  
Gizele De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
School Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
State Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Education ◽  
Education Association ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Education Conference

This study aims to highlight some articulations the intent of which was to set up Brazil’s first Planetarium in Rio de Janeiro during the organization of the 4th National Education Conference and pedagogy exposition in 1931. The Conferences, promoted by the Brazilian Education Association (ABE), were founded on strategies for disseminating educational practices and producing material for Brazilian schools. This mechanism was a tool not only to provide visibility but also to promote the debate on the material conditions needed for public education. ABE developed actions aimed at directing and political organizing of the school education system in Brazil. Its work was marked by the holding of debates, surveys, research, exhibitions, libraries, publications, conferences and courses that contributed to the entire education process. However, its national prominence occurred through its organization of the National Education Conferences with effect from 1927. The Conferences were not only a way of giving visibility to modern and up to data schooling but also for fuelling the debate on material conditions needed for public education. The ABE Conferences served as a link between the federal government, the state government and civil society, as well as being an important strategy for disseminating ideas. They gave rise to a variety of themes, actions and proposals capable of disseminating educational causes on a national level, addressed at the Conferences and publicized by the press of that time. Among them, this text highlights the debate and the attempt to acquire Brazil’s first Planetarium which could have been part of the activities of the 4th National Education Conference scheduled for 1931. In addition, the debate could put the subject of planetariums into circulation – as a modern mechanism, a powerful instrument used not only by the population but also by science and education in other countries. This article addresses aspects of material school culture by exploring sources derived from the archives of the Brazilian Education Association and from the Brazilian periodical press, proposing relationships and analyses of the use of narrative of the rhetoric of modernity in education. The theoretical references to assist with analysis are linked to the perspective of studies on material school culture and cultural history.

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