scholarly journals STRIP SEEDING OF GRASS IN MEADOWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Leonid Sereda ◽  
Ludmila Shvets ◽  
Elena Trukhanska
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Fodder Grasses

For the successful development of animal husbandry in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the area of pastures for which it is necessary to lend some of the arable land and re-plant some of the existing pastures, creating cultural pastures with a productivity of 60-80 c. fodder units per hectare. For rejuvenation of existing grasslands, the technology of direct sowing with minimal tillage is increasingly used. These technologies include operations to suppress existing grasses and sow the seeds of valuable fodder grasses into grooves specially prepared in the turf. Domestic and foreign experience shows that sowing herbs in pre-treated strips is more effective than traditional methods. The traditional technology of re-insulation of such bows is associated with considerable energy and labor costs and is also erosion-hazardous in areas with a slope angle exceeding 3%. Therefore, for such areas it is necessary to use re-salting technology without completely destroying the turf and to use special seeders of different designs, which perform in one pass the strip tillage, sowing of grass seeds and sealing. Therefore, this method of redevelopment is highly productive and therefore promising in Ukraine. The idea of sowing grass seeds in a cultivated strip of soil in the turf is the basis of the technology of direct accelerated grassland re-grassing. The cultivated strip of soil must meet the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of cultivation in growing grasses. The implementation of the proposed technology of direct strip sowing of grasses in the existing herbage is possible only in the presence of perfect working bodies. Foreign and domestic seeders intended for direct sowing of herbs in the turf do not fully meet the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of processing of the turf strip, so the technology of direct sowing with a developed, active working body in the form of a cutter is proposed.

scholarly journals SECURITY OF CROP PRODUCTION OF SOIL-PROCESSING TECHNIQUE: STATUS AND PROSPECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Губейдулла Юнусов ◽  
Gubeydulla Yunusov ◽  
Марзия Ахмадеева ◽  
Marziya Akhmadeeva ◽  
Алексей Жук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Farm Vehicles ◽  
Working Bodies

In Russia for the last 20 years the park of farm vehicles was repeatedly reduced and security of crop production with the soil-cultivating equipment and tractors has significantly worsened. Despite reduction of arable land more than on 40 million hectares, the number of cars on 1000 hectares during the present period are many times lower, than at the countries with the developed agriculture, including in Belarus. The main reasons for reduction of the area of the cultivated arable land, need of their elimination, including due to multiple increase and high-quality improvement of the machine park are specified. The analysis of current trends of development of tillage machines is carried out and the factors influencing this process are shown. The major requirements are increase in productivity due to increase in width of hijacking of cars and power of tractors, ensuring adaptability of cars to agrotechnical requirements due to use of replaceable working bodies and adapters, means of the automated control of quality of work and, in the long term, aggregation with the pilotless power means equipped with GLONASS systems. Types and the predicted need for priority tillage machines taking into account broader performance of pochvovlagosberegayushchy technologies, increases in arable land due to development of 20 million hectares of deposits and updating of the tractor park with his saturation by powerful enegosredstvo are given.

scholarly journals Analysis of the operation of active needle disks on erosive soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032052
Author(s):  
G Kokieva ◽  
S Adamov ◽  
S Yampilov ◽  
A Pekhutov ◽  
Yu Shaposhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Abstract The development of agricultural technologies, the mechanization of the cultivation of ordinary crops for a long time has gone differently in different ways. The working bodies of agricultural machines process various materials, the number of which is increasing. In addition, the way the same material is processed often changes when trying to improve agricultural technologies. All this forces us to create new mechanisms of agriculture that were previously known. The use of replaceable gear bodies on flat cutting cultivators helps to reduce the energy intensity the process and improve the quality of non-falling soil. To protect against it, various agricultural techniques are recommended: plowing along the entire slope, deepening the arable layer, the formation of irregularities on the surface of arable land in the form of holes, intermittent furrows. The article describes the mechanized protection of the soil of the technological process and technical means for growing crops on erosive lands on the slope. Methodology for improving agricultural machinery for working on the slope of erosive dangerous lands. Ways to increase the stability of the movement of agricultural machines on slopes to improve the quality of technological operations are justified. The operating mode of the active disk needle is described.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE POTATO HARVESTING MACHINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Mechanization ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Working Bodies

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of structural and technological schemes of potato harvesters identified the most appropriate direction to improve existing and create new designs of potato harvesters, undermining working bodies and separators and substantiation of structural and technological parameters. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. Based on a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes revealed the main processes affecting the agronomic performance of harvesting equipment, as well as the principles of influence of different separators on the potato heap showed that they use inefficient types of deformation, namely: impact and compression. Instead, studies suggest that tensile and shear deformations are much more effective, which are not realized in the current designs of the separators, or are only partially realized. On the basis of complex researches the technological scheme of the potato digger which working bodies (a ploughshare-shelf digger and a drum separator interact with a potato heap through deformations of a tension and shift that allows to separate effectively soil in various conditions of harvesting of tubers and other constructive and kinematic parameters is offered. potato harvester.

scholarly journals MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CUTTING POTATO BUILDING WITH A BLADE OF A LEMECH

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Information Base ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Mechanization ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Working Bodies

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. The most common method of mechanized potato harvesting is undermining the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and separation of tubers from the heap, which contains plant impurities, soil lumps and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of strong soil lumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sifted sandy soils, using special agronomic techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of lumps. However, such measures are local in nature, not reliable enough and significantly complicate the technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily littered with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lump formation. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes, to develop a model for cutting a potato heap with a ploughshare blade. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting the main processes influencing agrotechnical indicators of harvesting equipment are revealed, the model of cutting of a potato heap by a ploughshare blade and other constructive and kinematic parameters of working bodies of a ploughshare blade is developed.

Kualitas Semen Cair Kambing Boer Berbahan Pengencer Air Kelapa Muda Varietas Viridis Setelah Simpan Dingin

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ade Salim ◽  
Muhammad Nur Ihsan ◽  
Nur Isnaini ◽  
Trinil Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Artificial Vagina

ABSTRAKAir kelapa muda varietas viridisdapat dijadikan pengencer aletrnatif semen cair bagi program IB di daerah minim sarana semen beku. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh penggunaan air kelapa muda viridissebagai bahan pengencer terhadap kualitas semen cair kambing Boer setelah didinginkan. Dilaksanakanselama 3 bulan di Laboratorium Fakultas Peternakan UBUnit SumberSekar,Malang. Metodenya yaitu eksperimen. Semen dari  3 pejantan Boer umur 3-5 tahun, dikoleksi seminggu sekali dengan VB. Air kelapa mudaviridis umur 5-7 bulan serta tris aminomethane sebagai kontrol. Didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu P0 (tris aminomethane + 10% KT) dan  P1 (air kelapa muda viridis + 10% KT) masing-masing diulang 10 kali. Data dianalisis dengan analisis Ragam (Anova) dengan software Genstat 18. Variabelnya yaitu motilitas individu, viabilitas dan abnormalitas. Hasil penelitian yaitu motilitas individu pada P1bertahan sampai 4 hari (40,5± 24,3%), viabilitas terbaik sampai hari ke-5 (42±24,6%), abnormalitas terendah di hari ke-7(1,31± 0,6). Kesimpulannya, Pengencer air kelapa muda viridis dapat mempertahankan kualitas semen cair kambing Boer selama 4 hari untuk motilitas dan 5 hari untuk viabilitas.Kata Kunci:pengencer, air kelapa, varietas viridisABSTRACTYoung viridis coconut water could be used as an alternative to liquid semen diluent for artificial insemination program in the area with limited facility for frozen semen production. This study evaluated the use of young coconut water as a diluent on liquid semen quality of Boer goat after cold storage. This study was carried out for 3 months at Sumber Sekar Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, Malang. The semen was collected from 3 Boer bucks aged at 3 to 5 years old. The semen collection was done once a week with the aid of artificial vagina. The diluents used were young Viridis coconut (5 to 7 months old) and tris aminomethane. The method used was an experiment in a randomized block design with 2 treatments and 10 replicates. The treatments used were T0: tris aminomethane + 10% egg yolk (control) and T1:  young Viridis coconut water + 10% egg yolk. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using Genstat 18 software. The variables measured were sperm individual motility, viability, and abnormality. The results showed that the sperm individual motility in T1 survived up to 4 days (40.5± 24.3%), the best viability at 5 days (42.0±24.6%),  while the lowest abnormality at 7 days (1.31±0.6). It could be concluded that: 1. Tris aminomethane diluent has higher quality with the storage length up to 9 days, 2. Young Viridis coconut water diluent could preserve liquid semen quality of Boer goat up to 4 days for sperm motility and 5 days for sperm viability.Keywords: diluents, coconut water, viridis variety

Pembuatan Pilot Project Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Rambut Palsu dengan Sistem Lumpur Aktif

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Sri Moertinah ◽  
Misbachul Moenir
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Microbial Adaptation ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Electricity Costs

This study aims to create a pilot project for wastewater treatment wig industry with biological activated sludge technology to applied in the industry. Design criteria for the pilot project are the influent COD ≤ 900 mg/l, MLSS = 3,000 mg/l, 30-hours residence time. DO ≥ 2 mg/l and flow 10 m3/day. Implementation of a pilot project initiated by seeding aerobic microbes and microbial adaptation to proceed with wastewater to be treated. The trial results showed that the pilot project % COD reduction ranged from 73.2% - 91% and the result is not much different from the results of laboratory-scale research about 89.7% and the quality  of the effluent is already fullfill the standard of industrial waste water wig required by the Central Java Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2012. The calculation of operating cost of activated sludge biological treatment which includes labor costs, electricity costs, equipment maintenance costs, expenses and other nutrients obtained the price of  Rp. 2972/m3 or Rp. 742.99/wig.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat pilot project pengolahan air limbah industri rambut palsu dengan sistem lumpur aktif yang diterapkan di industri. Kriteria desain pilot project tersebut adalah COD influen ≤ 900 mg/l, MLSS = 3.000 mg/l, waktu tinggal 30 jam DO≥2 mg/l  dan debit air limbah 10 m3/hari. Pelaksanaan pilot project dimulai dengan seeding mikroba aerob dan dilanjutkan dengan adaptasi mikroba dengan air limbah yang akan diolah. Hasil uji coba pilot project menunjukkan bahwa % penurunan COD berkisar antara 73,2% - 91% dan hasil ini tidak berbeda jauh dengan hasil penelitian skala laboratorium sekitar 89,7% dan kualitas air limbah hasil pengolahan sudah memenuhi baku mutu air limbah industri rambut palsu yang dipersyaratkan oleh Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah No 5 tahun 2012. Dari hasil perhitungan biaya operasional pengolahan biologis lumpur aktif yang meliputi biaya tenaga kerja, biaya listrik, biaya perawatan peralatan, biaya nutrien dan lainnya diperoleh harga sebesar Rp. 2972/m3  atau Rp. 742,99/wig.   Kata kunci : air limbah industri rambut palsu, pilot project, sistem lumpur aktif

scholarly journals Results of Laboratory Studies of the Automated Sorting System for Root and Onion Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Automatic Removal

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.

Assessment of energy saving and GHG reduction of winter oilseed rape production using sustainable strip tillage and direct sowing in three tillage technologies

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 101911
Author(s):  
Lina Saldukaitė ◽  
Egidijus Šarauskis ◽  
Andrii Zabrodskyi ◽  
Aida Adamavičienė ◽  
Sidona Buragienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Direct Sowing

scholarly journals REPRODUCING QUALITIES OF RAMS OF THE MOLDOVAN TYPE KARAKUL BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
D. Rotari
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
First Time

Issues related to the reproduction of animals have been and remain one of the most complex and relevant problems of biology and are constantly finding a direct and effective way out into livestock farming practice. The rational use of breeding sheep as producers is limited by the lack of standard, objective methods and methods for the timely assessment of their reproductive ability. The article presents the results of evaluating the sperm production of rams-producers. For the first time, the freshly obtained sperm of rams of Moldavian type producers of the Karakul breed was evaluated using the macroscopic method - ejaculate volume, color and smell, as well as the microscopic method - motility, sperm concentration in the ejaculate, total sperm count in the ejaculate sperm movements (VAP; VSL and VCL) as well as the percentage of abnormal forms of sperm. The experiments were carried out on sheep producers grown on a pedigree farm of the experimental farm of the Moldavian Scientific and Practical Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. As a result of the studies, it was found that the ejaculate volume on average was 0.99 ± 0.04 ml, motility was 0.95 ± 0.02 and sperm concentration 1.51 ± 0.14 billion/ml. The percentage of pathological forms in sperm averaged 13.72 ± 0.61, an indicator that characterizes the high quality of sperm. The average quality indicator of ejaculates obtained from ram-producers of the Moldavian type of the Karakul breed corresponds to physiological standards for the Karakul breed. The average percentage of pathological forms of sperm found in ejaculates indicates that the rams were in good conditions of feeding and keeping. According to research, we can say that the Moldovan type of Karakul rams can be successfully used to obtain high quality ejaculates suitable for freezing sperm at 196°C.

scholarly journals Automated Line for Post-Harvest Processing of Root Crops and Potatoes

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A. S. Dorokhov ◽  
M. A. Mosyakov ◽  
N. V. Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Basic Block ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Line System ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Automated Line

In the process of post-harvest processing of root crops and potatoes in Russia, mechanical sortings of various types are used, which allows to separate the material according to the size criterion and removing impurities. The main requirement for this equipment is to ensure the quality and reliability of technological processes for the impurities separation and the root crops separation into fractions with minimal damage. (Research purpose) To improve the quality of potato tubers sorting using an automated line for post-harvest processing of root crops and potatoes, which allows to reduce their damage and ensure high accuracy of separation into fractions by size. (Materials and methods) The authors studied the automated process of root crops post-harvest processing. They developed approaches and basic technical, technological and constructive solutions aimed at improving the efficiency of root crops and potatoes post-harvest processing. To automate the root crops and potatoes processing, the authors installed the universal web camera Logitech HD Pro C920. They created a basic block diagram of the electronic line system operation. (Results and discussion) The authors clarified the size and mass characteristics of potato tubers with a total weight of 38 356 grams of Nevsky variety of the 2019 harvest and their shape coefficient. They developed design documentation. An experimental line was prepared for potato tubers post-harvest sorting with an original circuit diagram of the electronic system operation. The authors substantiated its design and operational-technological parameters. Practical studies of the automated line work were carried out in the Ryazan region on the basis of the Institute of Seed Production and Agrotechnologies – a branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. (Conclusions) The authors determined that the developed automated line for root crops and potatoes post-harvest sorting thanks to digital technologies reduced labor costs by eliminating manual sorting, as well as improving the quality of potato tubers and the accuracy of sorting by size to 95-98 percent. It was revealed that damage to potato tubers did not exceed one percent.

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