scholarly journals SUBSTANTIATION OF THE ADAPTIVE SORTING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING LEGUMINOUS CROPS IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Viktor Mazur ◽  
Ihor Didur ◽  
Hanna Pantsyreva
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Chlormequat Chloride ◽  
Bacterial Preparation ◽  
State Register ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
The Right

The relevance of the conducted research is based on the tasks of the applied research of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University on the topic: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing leguminous crops using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances». Analysing the literature sources various technological methods of growing leguminous crops for providing the rational use of natural agricultural potential, which will further increase the sown area of major legumes, which are of strategic importance, have been evaluated. The article analyses the varietal diversity of leguminous crops included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. High-yielding varieties for the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine of soybeans – Azymut, Holubka, sowing peas – Tsarevych and Prystan have been chosen for the study; white lupine – Veresnevyi, Chabanskyi; narrow-leaved lupine – Olimp, Peremozhets; chickpeas for sowing – Skarb, Pegas. According to the group of ripeness, early-, medium- and medium-early-ripening varieties of legumes are selected, which have been distinguished among others for their high grain and protein productivity. It has been determined that the types of legumes in terms of set basic economic-valuable peculiarities have significant advantages such as resistance to adverse environmental factors, pests and manufacturability. The field experiments have shown that the combination of inoculation of seeds with a bacterial preparation and treatment of plants for vegetation with a retardant has had a positive effect on increasing the yield of the crops. For the years of the conducted researches, the maximum seed yield in the leguminous crops has been determined. Thus, in sowing peas the most productive type was Prystan (2.6 t/ha), white lupine – Chabanskyi (3.4 t/ha), narrow-leaved lupine – Peremozhets (2.6 t/ha), chickpea – Skarb. 3.0 t/ha) and in soybeans – Azymut (2.6 t/ha). The largest increases in grain productivity were obtained by treating the seeds with the bacterial preparation Rhizohumin and spraying the crops with chlormequat chloride retardant in the budding phase. Keywords: leguminous crops, variety, quality, yield, growing area.

scholarly journals The influence of technological methods of growing on grain productivity of leguminous crops in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Pantsyreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
The Right

The results of research conducted on gray forest soils with legumes during 2016-2019 are presented, with their comparative characteristics in terms of yield and basic indicators of seed quality (crude protein yield). The levels of yield of legume seeds grown in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine – soybeans, peas, white lupine and narrow-leaved lupine are given. For the studied crops, feeding conditions were optimized on the basis of resource conservation, through the use of modern biological products and growth-regulating substances in different varieties. It is established that the studied legumes should be sown in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine to overcome the problem of plant fodder protein. These legumes form a high fodder and grain productivity. It is established that the use of modern restrictive drugs for seed treatment and sowing increases legumes. The issues of the scientific article are of a complex multidisciplinary nature in the combination of adaptive farming systems and varietal cultivation technology given the current trends of climate change. Establishment and implementation is based on issues and tasks of applied research, which is carried out at the expense of the state budget on the topic: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing legumes using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances» 0120U102034) Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.

WINTER WHEAT SELECTION IN CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
G. G. Goleva ◽  
Т. G. Vashchenko ◽  
N. Т. Pavlyuk ◽  
V. V. Znamenskaya ◽  
V. I. Pushkareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State Register ◽  
State Commission ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

Research results, which were conducted in the forest-steppe of the Central Black Earth Region in the years 2000-2016, are presented. They were carried out in order to find new approaches to the selection of parental components in hybridization to make varieties of winter soft wheat with a high level of productivity, resistant to abiotic environmental factors. Agrotechnology - generally accepted in the region, research material- is the crop structure data of variety samples and hybrids from breeding nurseries. The experiments were conducted according to generally accepted methods, statistical analysis of data was carried out using the Statistica 6.1. The contingency was estimated by the Spearman coefficient, the contribution of factor signs to the resultant one was estimated by the method of multiple regression using the coefficient Beta (β). It is established that hybrids of winter wheat are characterized by higher polymorphism, the appearance of favorable transgressions. Their parental forms are selected by morphological and biological features according to the principle of different quality. When selecting high-yielding varieties which are resistant to lodging, it is advisable to make crossing, contrasting in height, forms with different spike lengths. Using the proposed methods, hybrids which are responsive to environmental conditions were made. They were used in the selection of the intensive winter wheat cultivar Alaya Zarya (since 2011 it's included in the State Register of Selective Breeding Results of the Russian Federation in the fifth region). In a number of hybrids, the contribution to the productivity of their elements practically does not depend on the conditions of the growing season, they are the basis for making the Alexia variety for organic farming (it is in State Commission of the Russian Federation on Testing and Protection of Selective Breeding Results).

scholarly journals Study of elements of spring camelina technology in the forest-steppe of the Central Chernozem region

2021 ◽  
Vol 205 (02) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Valentina Gulidova
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State Testing ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Chernozem

Abstact. Varieties of spring ginger included in the State Register of breeding achievements and recommended for the Central Chernozem region, cultivated in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Lipetsk region, form different yields of oilseeds in specific production conditions. The purpose of the research was to identify the most adaptive high-yielding varieties of spring ginger, suitable for cultivation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Central Chernozem region and providing high productivity. Research methods. When studying varieties according to the main economic characteristics, the method of competitive variety testing was used in accordance with the requirements of the state testing methodology and the field experience methodology of B. A. Dospekhov. Results. Spring ginger is a precocious crop with a growing season in the context of the studied varieties: Omich – 84 days, Ekaterininskiy – 79 days and Yubilyar – 75 days. The height of the varieties ranged from 59.3 to 67.8 cm. The Omich variety was short, and the Jubilee variety was the tallest. The maximum number of pods was observed in the Ekaterininskiy variety – 49.5 pieces per plant. Among the studied varieties of spring ginger, according to the complex of positive signs, the Ekaterininskiy variety stood out, which has a higher yield (1.52 t/ha without fertilizers and 1.88 t/ha against the background of N90P60K90), and the highest oil productivity (684 kg/ha without fertilizer and 833 kg/ha against the background of N90P60K90). The Omich variety had a high oil content of seeds (48%), but it was inferior to other varieties in terms of oil collection. The Yubilyar variety provided the highest yield of crude protein from 1 ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time on leached chernozem in the conditions of a typical forest-steppe of the Central Chernozem region, a comparative study of new-generation spring ginger varieties by a complex of economically useful characteristics was carried out and the genotypes most adapted for this region were determined.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic and Seed Productivity of Lupine White Due To the Inoculation and Growth Stimulators Under the Conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
H.V. Pantsyreva
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
The Right

In modern conditions of agriculture, the priority direction of scientific research is the substantiation and improvement of modern agrotechnologies of growing of field crops on the basis of resource conservation and environmental safety. In this regard, the special attention is paid to the culture of white lupine, which has an important forage and agrotechnical significance. However, the potential of white lupine is not fully realized, so the issue of product process regulation remains relevant. In this regard, the formation of a powerful photosynthetic apparatus of plants and ensuring the duration of its productive work is an important scientific task. The purpose of the research was to study the effects of the use of inoculation and growth stimulator on the formation of photosynthetic and seed yield of different varieties of white lupine. In the article the effect of application of seed inoculation and growth stimulator on the formation of photosynthetic and seed productivity of lupine of white varieties Veresnevy and Makarovsky is investigated. Physiologically substantiated regulations on the use of bacterial drug and stimulator in pre-sowing treatment and in the spraying of white lupine crops have been developed. It was noted that in variants where the maximum indexes of photosynthetic performance were formed, in particular, the accumulation of dry matter, the photosynthetic potential, the content of chlorophylls a + b, and the maximum yield of white lupine seeds was observed. Thus, the highest yield of seeds of the Veresnevy variety (3.61 t / ha) and Makarivsky (3.23 t / ha) was obtained by treating seeds with the bacterial preparation Risogumin and the growth stimulator Emistim S in combination with two spraying of crops by growth stimulator Emistim S

scholarly journals Substantiation of agroecological factors on soybean agrophytocenoses by analysis of variance of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
I. Didur ◽  
M. Bakhmat ◽  
O. Chynchyk
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
The Right

In the article agroecological factors of competitive bioorganic varietal technology of soybean cultivation which provides development of regulations of application of a complex of alternative types of fertilizers for their cultivation in the context of short-term and long-term action and basic superstructure of factor estimation of block. As part of joint research work of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University and the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beets of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, the authors were involved in research theme "Development of methods for improving the technology of growing legumes using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances". To establish the reliability of yield data by analysis of variance, it was determined that LSD 0.05 for factor A in 2017 was 0.09 t/ha. The largest deviations of yield indicators to control among varieties were: variety Podilska 416 +0.41 t/ha, variety Chernivtsi 9 – 0.27 t/ha and variety Agate -0.66 t/ha, which exceeded the value of LSD 0.05 for the factor A (soybean variety) by +0.32, – 0.18 and – 0.57 t/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals The economically and valuable feature of selection number of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the condition of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
M. A. Makarchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
National University ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Chickpeas are a valuable legume and drought-resistant crop. In conditions of climate change, it ensures the formation of a sufficiently high yield, which increases the interest of agricultural producers in growing crops. However, the presence of genetically determined plant protection (pubescence of plants and pod, which contain oxalic, malic and citric acids) from some pests makes it possible to grow environmentally friendly products, which consequently reduces the need to use plant protection chemicals. Field experiments were carried out on the experimental field of the Uman National University of Horticulture in the soil and climatic conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe. To determine the selection value of collection varieties samples of domestic selection were grown. It should be noted that plants react significantly to extreme conditions (temperature and amount of precipitation) of cultivation precisely in the period from gathering to flowering. It is during this period of time that excess moisture leads to shedding of flowers and, as a result, to a decrease in yield. The meteorological conditions for growing crops, which are expressed in the duration of both the growing season as a whole and its individual phases, have a significant effect on the length of the growing season. And so, according to our data, it was revealed that the difference in the duration of the growing season of the studied selection samples in comparison with the standard was small and ranged from 3 to 5 days. The main indicator of adaptability to mechanized harvesting is the attachment height of the lower pod. It depends on the height of the plant itself and the shape of the bush that the culture forms. On the basis of average, it was revealed that the studied selection samples belong to tall plants, while the indicator of the attachment height of the lower pod, the Triumph standard had a high attachment of pod, two samples – moderate, which indicates the possibility of mechanized harvesting, while samples 230 and 210 – low. As a result of comparison of the obtained data on the yield of selection samples, their significant reaction to the growing conditions was revealed. Analysis of the average data helps to specify that the highest yield in the conditions of both 2019 and 2020 was provided by selection samples 180 (morphotype desi), while the lowest yield, but also within the standard, was found in sample 160 (morphotype gulabi)

Итоги селекционно-семеноводческой работы с редечными культурами на Дальнем Востоке

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V  Leunov ◽  
Y  Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
State Register ◽  
Golden Horn ◽  
The Far East ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Technological Methods

Расширение ассортимента потребляемых овощных культур – одна из основных задач в селекционно-семеноводческой работе с редечными культурами на Дальнем Востоке. В статье приводятся данные о селекции редечных культур (лобы, дайкона, редьки и др.) на Приморской овощной опытной станции. В результате проведения многолетних исследований и реализации ряда научных программ был создан новый исходный материал для селекции. В настоящем материале также подведены итоги актуальных направлений в селекции редечных культур в условиях муссонного климата. Селекционно-семеноводческие исследования в условиях климата Дальнего Востока с использованием индивидуального, а также индивидуально-семейственного методов отбора, разработка и внедрение технологических приемов первичного и сортового семеноводства обеспечили создание перспективного селекционного материала. Выделены ценные генисточники для создания новых сортообразцов китайского, японского и европейского подвидов редьки с высокими иммунологическими, продуктивными и товарными качествами, повышенными биохимическими показателями, высокой устойчивостью к переувлажнению почвы и возбудителями болезней. Созданы и включены в Госреестр РФ высокопродуктивные сорта китайского подвида редьки (лоба) Малиновый шар и Золотой рог, европейского подвида зимней редьки Ночная красавица, устойчивые к переувлажнению почвы и цветушности, бактериальным заболеваниям. В результате более чем двадцатилетних исследований изучены морфологические и биологические особенности формирования семенных растений редьки, использование эффективных элементов отбора в сочетании с агротехническими приемами возделывания. Усовершенствованы технологические методы первичного и товарного семеноводства редьки, выделены благоприятные агроклиматические зоны выращивания семенных растений, способствующие получению высококачественных семян при сохранении ими высоких биологических и хозяйственных признаков. Для условий муссонного климата Дальнего Востока внедрена в производство система первичного и сортового семеноводства редьки с использованием пересадочной и беспересадочной технологии выращивания. Результаты работы открывают дорогу к созданию новых высокоурожайных российских сортов и гибридов редечных культур.Expansion of the range of consumption of vegetable crops is one of the main tasks in the breeding and seed work with regions cultures in the Far East. The article presents data on the breeding radishes cultures (loba, daikon, radish, etc.) on the Maritime vegetable experiment station. As a result of years of research and implementation of a number of research programs has created a new source material for breeding. In this paper also summarize the current trends in the selection of radishes cultures in conditions of monsoonal climate. Breeding and seed research in the climate conditions of the Far East with the use of individual and individual and family methods of selection, development and implementation of technological methods of primary and varietal seed production ensured the development of advanced breeding material. Allocated valuable genitocracy to create new varieties of Chinese, Japanese and European subspecies of radishes cultures with high immunological, productive and commercial qualities, elevated biochemical parameters, high resistance to waterlogging and soil pathogens. Created and included in the state register of the Russian Federation high-yielding varieties of Chinese subspecies of radish (loba) a Crimson ball and the Golden horn, the European subspecies winter radish Night beauty, resistant to waterlogging of the soil and bolting and bacterial diseases. As a result of more than twenty years studied the morphological and biological peculiarities of formation of seed plants of radishes, the use of effective elements of selection in combination with agrotechnical methods of cultivation. Improved technological methods of primary and commercial seed radishes allocated to favorable agro-climatic zones of cultivation of seed plants, which would produce high-quality seeds while preserving their high biological and economic characteristics. For the conditions of monsoon climate of the Far East implemented in the production system of primary and varietal seed radishes using transit and non-stop growing technologies. The results of this work open the way to the creation of new high-yielding Russian varieties and hybrids of radishes cultures.

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