scholarly journals STUDI PEMANFAATAN PUPUK ABU BOILER PADA PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Yulius Gae Lada
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings ◽  
Boiler Ash

Boiler ash is a solid waste from biomass combustion from palm oil mills. The boiler ash can be used as fertilizer because it has a high content in the samples of N, P, K and Mg and is safe for the environment. This study aims to determine the effect of boiler ash fertilizer on the growth of cocoa seedlings and get the optimal fertilizer dose when applied. This research was conducted in Jayapura – Papua for 3 months (September – November). This study used a completely randomized design that was repeated as many as 6 replications. The treatments given include: A0 (control), A1 (300 g.polybag–1), A2 (350 g.polybag–1), A3 (400 g.polybag–1) and A4 (450 g.polybag–1). Parameters measured were plant height, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length and plant wet weight. Based on statistical tests, the results showed that the use of boiler ash fertilizer on the growth of cocoa seedlings which was seen from all parameters had no significant effect. However, A4 treatment using 450 g of boiler ash fertilizer per polybag gives significant results for all parameters measured.

scholarly journals Growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) under different irrigation depths and cultivation containers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1695-1700
Author(s):  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽  
Valeria Pancieri Sallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

The study aimed to evaluate the growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings under different irrigation depths and cultivation container sizes. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (4x3), where the first factor consisted of the application of four different irrigation depths (6, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1) and the second one was composed of three different cultivation containers (small, medium and large). Twelve treatments were evaluated with eight repetitions, totaling 96 plants in the experimental field. At 74 days after sowing, the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's quality index of all seedlings were analyzed. The 10.32 mm d-1 irrigation depth and the medium and large cultivation containers provided the highest quality in seedling production, being the most suitable ones. However, there was no interaction between the factors

scholarly journals pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair kandang kelinci dan kompos limbah baglog pada pertumbuhan bibit Kakao (theobroma cacao l.) Di polibeg

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Redho Anggara Nubriama ◽  
Erwin Pane ◽  
Sumihar Hutapea
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings ◽  
Different Doses

Cacao is one of the predominant plantation in Indonesia so that the production should be improved constantly. The purpose of this researce was to obtain data on the growth of cacao seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) by applying rabbit cage liquid organic fertilizer and composting baglog waste with different doses. This research was carried out at the Medan Area faculty of agriculture experiment area located on the street PBSI No.1 Medan Estate. The research was conducted  from  July to  November  2018.  Using  Factorial  Randomized  Group Desing (RGD) with two replications. The first factor tested was rabbit cage liquid organic fertilizer namely U0= without POC, U1= consentration 5% (50 ml POC/liter), U2= consentration 10% (100 ml POC/liter), U3= consentration 15% (150 ml POC/liter). The second   factor is baglog waste compost which is L0= without compost baglog waste, L1= 20% baglog compost waste (600g) + 80% top soil (2.400g), L2= 40% baglog compost waste (1.200g) + 60% top soil (1.800g), L3= 60% baglog compost waste (1.800g) + 40% top soil (1.200g). The results showed that administration of baglog waste compost can increase growth ( plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and canopy wet weight) of cocoa seedlings

scholarly journals Optimizing acceptability of mango jam enriched with pectin from cacao husk (Theobroma cacao L.)

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (208) ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Angelica Maria Torregroza Espinosa ◽  
Luty Del carmen Gomezcaceres Pérez ◽  
Jhonatan Andres Rodríguez Manrique ◽  
Rolando José López Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Product Acceptability ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Range Test

This experiment was conducted in order to optimize and quantify the acceptability of mango jam enriched with pectin extracted from husk of cacao grown in the department of Sucre, Colombia. The experiment was performed using a two-factor, completely randomized design: pectin concentration (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%) and citric acid concentration (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%). All experiments were conducted in triplicate for each treatment, for a total of 27 experimental units. Variables such as fresh fruits (65.5%) and sugar (34.0%) were held constant. Data analysis was performed using an analysis of variance while the comparison of means was performed by the Tukey's range test. After 24 hours, a test for measuring product acceptability was conducted among 60 people using a 7-point hedonic scale. The survey yielded an acceptability value (I like moderately) of 6.7 for pectin concentrations of 0.2% and citric acid concentrations of 0.3%.

Evaluation of Different Types of Substrates in Cocoa Nursery (Theobroma Cacao L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Tarquino Llerena Ramos ◽  
Cesar Ramiro Bermeo Toledo ◽  
Paula Marisol V
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

This research was conducted at the experimental farm "La Maria" State Technical University of Quevedo, located at Km 7.5 Vía Quevedo - El Empalme, with the overall objective to determine the effect of different organic substrates on seedling growth cocoa nursery conditions. The specific objectives were to evaluate the growth of cocoa plants in different substrates study, identify the substrate that allows greater root development of seedlings of cacao and perform economic analysis of each of the treatments studied. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with 10 treatments in three replicates and treatment means were compared with Duncan test at 95% probability. The treatments were: T1: 60% Bokashi + 40% black earth, T2: 60% Bokashi + 40% sawdust raft, T3: 60% Bokashi + 40% chaff burnt rice, T4: 40% Bokashi + 20% sawdust balsa + 20% black soil + 20% chaff burnt rice, T5: 60% vermicompost + 40% black earth, T6: 60% vermicompost + 40% sawdust raft, S7: 60% vermicompost + 40% chaff burnt rice, T8: 40% vermicompost + 20% black soil + 20% chaff burn rice + 20% sawdust raft, T9: 30% bokashi + 30% vermicompost + 20% black earth + 10% sawdust + 10% balsa burning rice chaff, T10: 75% + 25% black earth rice husks. The main results of this research it was observed that the planted in treating 9 (30% Bokashi, 30% vermicompost, 20% black soil, 10% sawdust balsa and 10% chaff burnt rice), was recorded 100% germination, plant also produced in this substrate were greater height, stem diameter, presence of leaves and root length. Treatment 10 (75% of black earth and 25% rice husks) produced the highest returns with 59.68% of the production of 1000 seedlings, meaning that for every dollar invested a profit of $ 0.60 was obtained for every dollar reversed, however, with treatment 9 (30% bokashi, 30% vermicompost + 20% black soil + 10% sawdust raft + 10% chaff burnt rice) plants showed better characteristics that are the basis for acceptance by the buyer, generating a return of 34.23%, as a result of higher production cost.

The Effect of Storage Duration and Invigoration Treatment on Viability of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Seeds

Nabatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Tri Widiyanti ◽  
Agus Miftakhurrohmat
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of giberrelin (GA3) storage durationand treatment on the viability of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seeds carried out at theLaboratory of Indonesian Center for Seedling and Plant Protection (BBPPTP) Surabayaon Mojoagung No. No. 52, Mojoagung Subdistrict, Jombang Regency in February toApril 2014. This study used a completely randomized design with factorial patterns with2 factors. The first factor is the storage time which consists of 4 stages P1 (7 days ofnatural storage of seeds), P2 (14 days of storage of natural seeds), P3 (22 days of storageof natural seeds), and P4 (29 days of storage of natural seeds). The second factor isinvigoration treatment which consists of 3 types without treatment (I0), GA3 10 ppm(I1), GA3 20 ppm (I2). The results showed a significant interaction between storage timeand invigoration treatment of plant height and germination capacity, storage durationtreatment affected the variable number of leaves, 7 days storage time (P1) produced theaverage number of leaves (3.75 strands) even though the result is the same as the storageperiod of 14 days (P2). While the invigoration treatment had no effect on the observationvariable of the number of leaves.

scholarly journals Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Bakteri Bacillus sp. Endofit untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
Fifi Puspita ◽  
Sukemi Indra Saputra ◽  
Dan Jenny Merini
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Growth Substance ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

Development of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) requires high-quality seeds. Adding growth substance from Bacillus sp. endophytes is expected to increase the growth of cocoa seedlings. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the ability of Bacillus sp. endophytes to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) hormone, evaluate the effects of Bacillus sp. endophytes application on growth of cocoa seedling, and obtain the best concentration to increase growth of cocoa seedling. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and in the field from June to October 2015. The study was conducted in two stages: in vitro and in vivo.The first experiment tested the ability of Bacillus sp. endophytes to produce IAA using tryptophan enriched picovskaya liquid medium and non-enriched tryptophan. The results from the first experiment showed that all Bacillus sp. endophytes produce IAA hormones. The second experiment tested the concentrations of Bacillus sp. endophytes to improve the growth of cocoa seedlings. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications, i.e., without treatment of Bacillus sp., and concentrations of 1011, 1012, 1013, and 1014 cfu/mL. The parameters observed were the number of bacterial colonies of Bacillus sp. endophytes, cocoa seed height, stem diameter, number of leaves and planting area of 4 month cocoa seedlings. The results from the second experiment showed that all concentrations of Bacillus sp. endophytes increase the growth of cocoa seedlings. The concentration of 1011 cfu/mL produced more colony in planting medium, increased height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area in cocoa seedlings.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk NPK (16:16:16) dan Mikoriza terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada Media Tumbuh Subsoil

Jurnal Agrium ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrullah Nasrullah ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Ainun Marliah
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Banda Aceh

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) dan mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao pada media tumbuh Subsoil. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan, Laboratorium Penelitian Tanah dan Tanaman serta Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh yang dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2013 hingga April 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) (0, 5, 10 dan 15 g/tanaman). Faktor kedua adalah dosis mikoriza (0, 5, 10 dan 15 g/tanaman). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit dan diameter pangkal batang umur 60 dan 90 HST, luas daun, panjang akar, berat basah akar, berat basah dan kering berangkasan atas serta persentase akar yang terinfeksi mikoriza. Pertumbuhan bibit kakao pada media tumbuh subsoil terbaik dijumpai pada dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) 5 g/tanaman. Perlakuan dosis mikoriza berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap luas daun dan persentase akar yang terinfeksi mikoriza, berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur 90 HST, diameter pangkal batang umur 90 HST, berat basah akar dan berat kering berangkasan atas. Perlakuan dosis mikoriza yang lebih efektif adalah 10 g/tanaman. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) dan mikoriza.  This research aims to know the influence of fertilizer dosage of NPK (16:16:16) and mycorrhiza towards the growth of cocoa seed on Subsoil growing media. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden, Soil Research Laboratory and plant along with the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Agriculture Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh which was conducted in November 2013 until April 2014. This research used a Group Randomized Design (RAK) of factorial pattern. The first factor was dosage of NPK (16:16:16) fertilizer (0, 5, 10 and 15 g/plant). The second factor was mycorrhiza dosage (0, 5, 10 and 15 g/plant). The result research showed that the treatment of NPK fertilizer (16:16:16) dosage was took effect very real towards seed height and base of stem diameter age 60 and 90 HST, leaf wide, root length, root wet weight, wet weight and dry weight of above crop, along with the percentage of root which infected by mycorrhiza. The growth of cacao seeds at growing media of the best subsoil was encountered at the dosage of NPK (16:16:16) fertilizer 5 g/plant. The mycorrhiza dosage treatment take effect very real towards the leaf wide and the root percentage which infected by mycorrhiza, take effect real towards seed height 90 HST age, the diameter of stem base 90 HST age, wet weight of root and dry weight of above crop. The treatment of mycorrhiza dosage that better/effective are 10 g/plant. There is no interaction between the two treatments.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Media Tanam dan Penggunaan Mol Bonggol Pisang terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Datul Fadillah ◽  
Trisda Kurniawan ◽  
Erida Nurahmi
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan media tanam dan beberapa konsentrasi mikroorganisme lokal terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Penelitian ini dilaksanakaan di Kebun Percobaan 2 dan Labaratorium Hortikultura, Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh dari bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 4 dan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 48 satuan percobaan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata  Jujur taraf 5% pada hasil uji F yang signifikan. Faktor pertama adalah perbandingan media tanam dengan 4 taraf yaitu: kontrol-2 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang (M0), 2 tanah : pupuk kandang : 1 sekam bakar (M1), 1 tanah : 2 pupuk kandang : 1 sekam bakar (M2), 1 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang : 2 sekam bakar (M3). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi mol bonggol pisang dengan 4 taraf yaitu 0, 10%, 20% dan 30% L-1 air. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi bibit, diameter pangkal batang, jumlah daun, berat berangkasan basah dan berat berangkasan kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perlakuan perbandingan media tanam berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter. Pemberian beberapa konsentrasi mikroorganisme lokal berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun bibit kakao umur 8 MST dan berpengaruh sangat nyata pada jumlah daun bibit kakao umur 12 MST. Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan media tanam M0 dan konsentrasi mol 20% (M2).The Effect of Plant Medium and Local Microorganism Banana Tuber on the Growth of Cocoa Seedling (Theobroma cacao L)Abstract. The purposes of this research were to know the effect of comparison media planting and several concentrations of local microorganism on the growth of cocoa seedlings. This research was conducted at Experimental Garden 2 and Horticulture Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from July to October 2018. This study used a Randomize Block Design of 4 x 4 factorial pattern with 3 replication, so that were 48 experimental units and continued with a Honestly Significance Difference 5% level on significant F test result. The first factor is the comparison medium planting of 4 levels : control- 2 soil : 1 manure (M0), 2 soil : 1 manure : 1 hueks fuel (M1), 1 soil : 2 manure : 1 hueks fuel (M2) and 1 soil : 1 manure : 2 hueks fuel (M3). The second factor is the concentration of local microorganism of 4 levels: 0 (P0), 10% (P1), 20% (P2) and 30% (P3) L-1 water. Parameters observed were plant height, stem base diameter, number of leaves, wet weight and dry weight. The result showed that the treatment of comparison planting medium had unsignificantly effect on all parameters. Consentrations of local microorganinism has a significant effect on the number of leaves of cocoa seedlings aged 8 WAP and has a very significantly effect on the number of leaves cocoa seedlings aged 12 WAP. There is significantly effect between the treatment of comparison planting medium control-2 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang (M0), and local microorganism concentrations 20% (P2).

scholarly journals PENGUJIAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL ( MOL) LIMBAH SAYURAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAWI ( Brassica juncea L)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Utami Lestari ◽  
Neng Susi ◽  
Enny Mutryarny
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Nowadays people are increasingly concerned about the importance of product quality. The use of fertilizers derived from organic materials is believed to bring more benefits to agricultural products where products become healthier, environmentally friendly and can reduce the negative impact of chemicals that are harmful to humans and the environment. Veg mole is expected in addition to its local microorganisms also Nitrogen element content can increase the growth and production of mustard plants.The purpose of this study is to determine the effect and to get a good dose of MOL vegetable waste on the growth and production of mustard plants.The experiment was conducted experimentally using non factorial completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatment levels and 4 replications to obtain 20 experimental units. Each plot consists of 16 plants and 4 plants as sample. The level of treatment is as follows: Mo: Without giving MOL of vegetable waste, M1: Giving MOL vegetable waste 75 cc / l water, M2: Giving of MOL vegetable waste 150 cc / l water, M3: Giving MOL vegetable waste 225 cc / l water , M4: Giving MOL vegetable waste 300 cc / l waterThe result of this research can be concluded that vegetable MOL has no significant effect on all observed parameters, ie plant height (cm), number of leaf (strands), leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm), wet weight (g) consumption (g).

scholarly journals Effect of Goat Manure and Super Natural Nutrition (SNN) Organic Fertilizer on the Growth of Local Vaietas (Theobroma cacao L.)

AGRIFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Yulianus Tibe
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Actual Height ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

Plant Seeds. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of goat manure and the dose of Super Natural Nutrition Organic Fertilizer and its interaction on the growth of local varieties of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seeds.The research design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in factorial 4 x 4, and repeated 4 times, consisting of 2 research factors. The first factor is goat manure (P). The second factor is Liquid Organic Fertilizer Super Natural Nutrition (K).The results showed that the treatment of goat manure (P) had no significant effect on the diameter of cocoa seedlings 60 days after planting (HST), the number of cacao seedlings aged 30, 60 HST and very significant effect on the height of cocoa seedlings aged 30, 60, 90 and 120 HST, diameter of cacao seedlings aged 30, 90, 120 HST, number of cacao seedlings aged 90 and 120 HST and root length. The treatment of good manure is p3 (goat manure 60 g / polybag). The highest cacao seedling height is 41.45 cm and the lowest is p0 (without goat manure): 30.67 cm, for the highest diameter of cocoa seedlings 0.071 cm and the lowest treatment k0 (without goat manure): 0.058 cm and leaves at most 20 pieces, and the number of leaves is a little p0 (without goat manure) 9 pieces. The longest root of cocoa seedlings is 15.06 cm and the shortest root length with treatment k0 (without goat manure): 13 cm.The treatment of Super Natural Nutrition liquid organic fertilizer had no significant effect on the number of cocoa seedlings aged 60, 120 HST and the root length of cocoa seedlings aged 120 days after planting, but significantly affected the height of cocoa seedlings, cocoa seedling stem diameter of 120 HST and very the actual height of the plant, the diameter of the cacao seedlings aged 30, 60, 90 HST, the number of cacao seedlings aged 30, 90 HST. The best treatment for Super Natural Nutrition organic liquid fertilizer for the highest cocoa seed height is (k3); 5 ml of POC SNN / l water is 35, 69 cm and the lowest is k0 (without POC SNN) which is 34.80 cm.

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