scholarly journals Behavioural Dumping and Drainage Channels

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Semwogerere Twaibu ◽  
Lating Peter Okidi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
The People ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Poor Drainage

Dumping is one of the inevitable societal behaviours because waste can only be controlled but not eliminated completely. The rapidly growing developing countries have cities, towns and trading centres emerging daily coupled with increasing populations can be well related to poor drainage and irresponsible dumping in water channels. The aim of this study was to scrutinize drainage dumping behaviours in relation to water channels in some selected cities in Uganda. In this study, observational and analytical experiments on dumping were done in selected towns and cities, along some major highways connecting them. The findings showed that a lot of illegal dumping is happening at a rate of 63% on average on roads and even near the legal dumping places. Most of the refuse that is erroneously dumped ends up in drainage channels leading to serious flooding and other environmental consequences. The study recommends other better models in addition to improving drainage design, construction and maintenance patterns.  Strict laws and sensitization are crucial in this regard and can help in saving and improving the lives of the people by at least 11%

Organic Crisis, Integral State, Passive Revolution: Twilight of the Neoliberal Order?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-95
Author(s):  
Ian McKay
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
Passive Revolution

Abstract A reconnaissance of the 2020 pandemic begins by registering the moments of refusal and supersedure, demonstrating the extent to which it seemed to many to be an organic (transformational) crisis re-ordering neoliberal capitalism’s fundamental elements. Vaccine development and debates over lockdowns illustrate the emergence of a neoliberal integral state, one in which the lines between government, industry and finance are blurred to the point of invisibility. Yet the pandemic also suggests that such states are hobbled as effective organisers of hegemony by their incapacity to safeguard the lives and interests of the people they purportedly represent and to break with imperial patterns of global dominance. Passive revolutionary attempts to contain revolutionary critiques and activism are to be expected; yet they may not succeed, given that the covid-19 pandemic arose from the environmental consequences of the global processes of capitalist accumulation neoliberals defend. The ‘next left’ has an opening, provided it soberly addresses the crisis of the neoliberal order and develops a convincing strategy for overcoming it.

scholarly journals Brain Circulation, the Phenomenon and Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Lajda Bana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
The Brain

The world of today which seeks globalization, while the economic inequality, corruption, political instability, and moreover wars prevail, it is always associated with the movement of people towards what might be called the ‘best for their future’. This movement is not just a mechanical action, but is a phenomenon associated with social, economic and political consequences not only to the country of origin but also for the host country. The departure of the people from their land is a well-known and proven phenomenon mainly of the developing countries. This phenomenon includes also the so-called brain drain emigration, the departure of skilled people, professionals and researchers from their own country to other places. The brain drain is not only a phenomenon that belongs to developing countries, or former communist states, or those countries in war, but it can also affect the developed Western countries. Brain drain does not always constitute a brain gain in the host country. In most of the cases, people who have to leave the countries in political instability or former communist countries, even if they are qualified and holders of university degrees, they are obliged to work in humble jobs which can be simply exercised by persons without university qualifications. Consequently, the brain drain phenomenon is not automatically turned into a benefit 'brain gain' for the host country; on the contrary, it might even be turned into the so-called brain-waste. A social challenge in this context remains the turn of "brain drain" into "brain gain" or "brain circulation". Therefore, one of the current priorities for governments is to create effective economic and social conditions which would enhance the integration of the graduates, researchers and professionals into their national and regional markets

scholarly journals Gerry Rogers (ed) Urban Poverty and the Labour Market: Access to lobs and Incomes in Asian and Latin American aties. Geneva: International labour Office. 1989. Price: 35 Swiss Francs (Softbound Edition).

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Sohail J. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Development Models ◽  
The People ◽  
Growth Centres ◽  
World Development ◽  
Effective Contribution

In the period 1965 to 1985, the per capita consumption in the developing world went up by almost 70 percent. Yet one billion of the people in the developing countries today are living in poverty [World Development Report (1990)]. Despite the growth in incomes and consumption, the problem of poverty is enormous. In most development models a large reserve of low-paid workers (often rural based) is seen as a precondition for industrialization (often urban based), which in turn is seen as synonymous with development. It is the exploitation of these workers to generate the surpluses necessary for growth in the urban growth centres that forms the basis of policy in most developing countries. The very processes that generate this growth also make these workers the most vulnerable to poverty. And if stagnation or recession sets in, the results are disasterous. The book under review makes an effective contribution to focusing attention on the issues of urban poverty and the labour market.

scholarly journals Life-Styles and Nature Conservation

Oryx ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Dasmann
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
National Parks ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
The People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Local Ecosystem ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
As If

One of the key papers at the Technical Meetings that accompanied the IUCN General Assembly in Zaïre was Dr Dasmann's showing how the emphasis in nature conservation has shifted. No longer can the ‘biosphere people’ – the people of the developed nations who draw on the resources of the whole world to maintain their life-style – simply urge developing countries to ‘protect’ wildlife and establish national parks while at the same time pressing them to cut back their population growth. One extra person in the USA will consume more in energy and materials than 20 extra people in Tanzania. What Dr Dasmann calls the ‘ecosystem people’—those who depend for all their resources on supplies within their local ecosystem – lived in balance with nature and, moreover, did not live impoverished lives, Today we can only solve our world problems by getting back to some better balance, ‘the old partnership with nature that existed without people being aware of it’. What we need, he suggests, is ‘conservation as if people mattered’ and ‘development as if nature mattered’. Nature conservation today demands new life-styles.

Multidisciplinary perspectives on the origins of past foodways and farming practice in South Asia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Nayak ◽  
Nicole Boivin ◽  
Patrick Roberts
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
Production And Consumption

Today, over half of the people living in South Asia are employed in an agricultural sector that supports one of the most densely populated regions on Earth. Yet the origins of agriculture in this environmentally and culturally diverse region have received relatively little attention compared to other parts of the Old World. Narratives of agricultural origins have frequently been monocausal, treating this massive landmass as a single entity. Recently, multidisciplinary applications of diverse methods (including archaeobotany, systematic radiometric dating, stable isotope analysis, and ancient DNA) have facilitated more nuanced insights into the origins, as well as the social and environmental consequences, of different farming foodways in prehistory. Here, we review the current application of these techniques across the Indian Subcontinent, focusing on the insights they have provided into cultivation and herding practices, dietary reliance on particular foods and culinary techniques, demographic turnover, changing settlement patterns, and the environmental impacts of agricultural practice in the Holocene. We argue that such approaches are essential if we are to properly understand the diverse drivers of different farming practices, as well as their demographic, ecological and dietary outcomes on the production and consumption of food in different parts of South Asia. Only then can we begin to discuss the prehistoric origins of the culinary and agronomic diversity that characterises this region today.

Covid-19 Vaccines and their Interchangeability Could be Effective in Developing Countries Like India to Generate Stronger Adaptive Immune Response in Large Population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Saif Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
The People ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
The World

Vaccine considered as a boon for every individual across the world in the time of pandemic situation. India has developed its own vaccine which shows promising results. Receiving vaccine does not mean that we are completely immune to the disease. Covishield shows some rare but adverse side effects of blood clots in those people having thrombocytopenia. Covaxin has not recorded any such cases as it is of inactivated type. But, the manufacturers of the vaccine have not established the longevity of protection against COVID-19. Unavailability of vaccines in India could pose a serious impact on the lives of the people. Government of India and Medical authorities should take clinical trials and make decision on interchangeability of vaccines as soon as possible.

Optimal Policy for Biopharmaceutical Drugs Innovation and Access in India

2011 ◽  
pp. 74-114
Author(s):  
Rakhi Rashmi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Public Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right ◽  
Government Initiative

In theory, patents work by providing the inventor an incentive to invent in the first place and then to disclose. Disclosure to the public is rewarded by giving the inventor a monopoly. As product patent and higher patent protection has been advocated by Art 27.1 of the TRIPs agreement on the basis that for greater innovation through transfer of technology is a necessity in developing countries like India as it provides capital to fund expensive innovations, who are otherwise not be able to fund expensive innovations on its own. On the other hand, at the same time drugs are also related with the health of the people and to take care of the health of the people is the utmost priority of any Government and there are issues like accessibility with regard to strong patent protection to biopharma products and data exclusivity. Also as per Art 7 of the TRIPs transfer of technology has to occur to the developing countries in order to promote technological innovations, which is conducive to social and economic welfare. Therefore, striking the right balance between incentive and public access creates a tension is essential. This study suggests optimal policy (Patent and other regulations) to have a balance between biopharma drugs innovation and their access in India while complying with the provisions of the TRIPs agreement by broadly categorising variables such as (1) patent policy such as the scope of biotech patents and the extent of the right in terms of breadth and length; and (2) regulatory environment such as the taxation incentive, Investment policy, Government initiative for the development of this sector etc.

Climate Change and Adaptation through the Lens of Capability Approach

2017 ◽  
pp. 1351-1365
Author(s):  
Bhupen Mili ◽  
Anamika Barua ◽  
Suparana Katyaini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Study Region ◽  
The People ◽  
Agent Of Change

Climate Change impacts would disproportionately have larger impacts on the developing countries. Both government and development agencies have initiated various adaptation strategies in the developing countries to enhance the adaptation of the local communities. Various policies and programmes have been designed keeping in mind the impact of climate change. This study was conducted in Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India, to see the benefits of such policies and programmes. Focus group discussion with community members were held in the study area. Based on the fieldwork it was seen that most of the intervention made in the study area focused on income, resources, and assets. It has failed to benefits the people due to variation in the capability among various section of the society. Various projects related to health, education, housing, and livelihood, have been implemented in the study region. However, due to lack of conversion factors in the form of gender inequality, discriminatory practices, transparency among others have come as a hindrance in the successful implementation of the projects. Hence, such project-based approach to enhance community's adaptation to climate risk, in the end fails to show benefits as it fails to expand community's capabilities and real freedom, due to the project's pre-defined aims. It is important to understand community's as agent of change rather than merely beneficiaries of adaptation projects. This study therefore recommends that to enhance community's adaptation to climate change, the interventions should be such that it enlarges the range of people's choices so that when climate disaster strikes them they will have a set of opportunities.

The Deconstruction of Peru: Social Chaos as Ecclesial Kairos

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt Cadorette
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Turmoil

Since the early 1980s, the people of Peru have experienced severe social, economic, and political turmoil. Extreme poverty and political violence have claimed thousands of lives in the last decade. This article tries to analyze the origins of Peru's social problems. It then attempts to examine the implications of the current crisis for the Christian community which is confronted with dehumanizing poverty and is a target of political extremists. An assumption of this article is that such a situation will become increasingly common in many developing countries, with profound ecclesiological and missiological implications.

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