scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Degree of Bacterial Biofilm Formation of Dental Bridges Made from Three Types of Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Maria Bolat ◽  
Dana Gabriela Bosinceanu ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Dan Nicolae Bosinceanu ◽  
Zinovia Surlari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fixed Prosthodontics ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
Dental Crown

The aim of this study was to compare the biofilm formation on three types of dental crown materials using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) driven bioluminescence as an innovative tool for the rapid chairside enumeration of oral bacteria and assessment of oral hygiene. The study group included 60 patients with fixed prosthodontics, made of three types of dental crown materials (BioHpp - Bredent, Ceramics - VITA VMK Master, and Zirconia - Vita In-Ceram) from which we have collected 60 specimen values using a luciferase-based assay system (system SURE II). The values of ATP were obtained with System SURE II device and statistically analyzed with Anova and Wilcoxon Test. The lowest value was shown for Zirconia, comparing with ceramics and BioHpp, but in time we have seen the increase of ATP for all three dental crown materials.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a silver colloidal gel against selected oral bacteria in vitro

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Phat L. Tran ◽  
Keaton Luth ◽  
James Wang ◽  
Coby Ray ◽  
Anselm de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background:It is necessary to develop new strategies to protect against bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, andStreptococcus salivarius, which contribute to tooth decay and plaque formation. Our current study investigated the efficacy of a colloidal silver gel in inhibiting biofilm formation by these principal oral bacteria, in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a colloidal silver gel formulation for inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation (Ag-gel) by the principal bacteria that cause plaque formation and tooth decay.Methods:The effect of Ag-gel on viability ofS. mutans,S. sanguis,and S. salivariuswas assessed by quantifying their colony forming units (CFU) in presence or absence of the test gel. The effect of this formulation on biofilm-forming ability of these bacteria was studied through scanning electron microscopy.Results:Using the CFU assays, over 6 logs of inhibition (100%) were found forS. mutans,S. sanguis, andS. salivariusfor the Ag-gel-treated bacteria when compared with the control gel. In addition, the Ag-gel also inhibited biofilm formation by these three bacteria mixed together. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.Conclusions:The Ag-gel was effective in preventing biofilm formation byS. mutans, S. sanguis, and S. salivarius. This Ag-gel should be tested for the ability to block plaque formation in the mouth, through its use as a tooth paste.

scholarly journals Rhamnolipids and surfactin inhibit the growth or formation of oral bacterial biofilm

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Yamasaki ◽  
Aki Kawano ◽  
Yoshie Yoshioka ◽  
Wataru Ariyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Effective Inhibition ◽  
Medical Instruments ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Background Bacteria survive in various environments by forming biofilms. Bacterial biofilms often cause significant problems to medical instruments and industrial processes. Techniques to inhibit biofilm formation are essential and have wide applications. In this study, we evaluated the ability of two types of biosurfactants (rhamnolipids and surfactin) to inhibit growth and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis. Results Rhamnolipids inhibited the growth and biofilm formation ability of all examined oral bacteria. Surfactin showed effective inhibition against S. sanguinis ATCC10556, but lower effects toward A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and S. mutans UA159. To corroborate these results, biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy. The observations were largely in concordance with the biofilm assay results. We also attempted to determine the step in the biofilm formation process that was inhibited by biosurfactants. The results clearly demonstrated that rhamnolipids inhibit biofilm formation after the initiation process, however, they do not affect attachment or maturation. Conclusions Rhamnolipids inhibit oral bacterial growth and biofilm formation by A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4, and may serve as novel oral drug against localized invasive periodontitis.

scholarly journals Effect of garlic on bacterial biofilm formation on orthodontic wire

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heon-Jin Lee ◽  
Hyo-Sang Park ◽  
Kyo-Han Kim ◽  
Tae-Yub Kwon ◽  
Su-Hyung Hong
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Orthodontic Wire

Abstract Objective: To examine the effect of garlic extract on the biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans on orthodontic wire and on glucosyltransferase gene expression. Materials and Methods: Growth inhibition of oral bacteria was tested after 50 µL of garlic extract was placed on an agar plate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of garlic extract on S mutans growth was first determined. After cultivating streptococci in biofilm medium (BM)-sucrose with garlic extract and orthodontic wire, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurement and viable cell counting was performed from the bacteria attached on the wire. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of morphology was observed on bacterial cells attached to orthodontic wire. The effect of garlic extract on gene expression was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of glucosyltransferase. Results: Though garlic extract had a clear antibacterial effect on all microorganisms, it also enhanced S mutans attachment on orthodontic wire. Low concentration of garlic extract also increased glucosyltransferase gene expression of S mutans. Conclusions: Despite its antibacterial function, garlic extract increases biofilm formation by S mutans to orthodontic wire, likely through upregulation of glucosyltransferase expression. Garlic extract may thus play an important role in increased bacterial attachment to orthodontic wires.

Bacterial biofilm behavior in water-supply lines of dental units

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 882-883
Author(s):  
B.D. Tall ◽  
K.S. George ◽  
R. T. Gray ◽  
H.N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm

Studies of bacterial behavior in many environments have shown that most organisms attach to surfaces, forming communities of microcolonies called biofilms. In contaminated medical devices, biofilms may serve both as reservoirs and as inocula for the initiation of infections. Recently, there has been much concern about the potential of dental units to transmit infections. Because the mechanisms of biofilm formation are ill-defined, we investigated the behavior and formation of a biofilm associated with tubing leading to the water syringe of a dental unit over a period of 1 month.

Inhibition of Bacterial Biofilm Formation by Phytotherapeutics with Focus on Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 2807-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Su Jang ◽  
Tímea Mosolygó
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Scientific Attention

: Bacteria within biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics and chemical agents than planktonic bacteria in suspension. Treatment of biofilm-associated infections inevitably involves high dosages and prolonged courses of antimicrobial agents; therefore, there is a potential risk of the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Due to the high prevalence of AMR and its association with biofilm formation, investigation of more effective anti-biofilm agents is required. : From ancient times, herbs and spices have been used to preserve foods, and their antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing properties are well known. Moreover, phytochemicals exert their anti-biofilm properties at sub-inhibitory concentrations without providing the opportunity for the emergence of resistant bacteria or harming the host microbiota. : With increasing scientific attention to natural phytotherapeutic agents, numerous experimental investigations have been conducted in recent years. The present paper aims to review the articles published in the last decade in order to summarize a) our current understanding of AMR in correlation with biofilm formation and b) the evidence of phytotherapeutic agents against bacterial biofilms and their mechanisms of action. The main focus has been put on herbal anti-biofilm compounds tested to date in association with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and food-borne pathogens (Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli).

Antibiotics Application Strategies to Control Biofilm Formation in Pathogenic Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Dung T.N. Pham ◽  
Sandra F. Oloketuyi ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Quorum Quenching ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces

Background: The establishment of a biofilm by most pathogenic bacteria has been known as one of the resistance mechanisms against antibiotics. A biofilm is a structural component where the bacterial community adheres to the biotic or abiotic surfaces by the help of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) produced by bacterial cells. The biofilm matrix possesses the ability to resist several adverse environmental factors, including the effect of antibiotics. Therefore, the resistance of bacterial biofilm-forming cells could be increased up to 1000 times than the planktonic cells, hence requiring a significantly high concentration of antibiotics for treatment. Methods: Up to the present, several methodologies employing antibiotics as an anti-biofilm, antivirulence or quorum quenching agent have been developed for biofilm inhibition and eradication of a pre-formed mature biofilm. Results: Among the anti-biofilm strategies being tested, the sub-minimal inhibitory concentration of several antibiotics either alone or in combination has been shown to inhibit biofilm formation and down-regulate the production of virulence factors. The combinatorial strategies include (1) combination of multiple antibiotics, (2) combination of antibiotics with non-antibiotic agents and (3) loading of antibiotics onto a carrier. Conclusion: The present review paper describes the role of several antibiotics as biofilm inhibitors and also the alternative strategies adopted for applications in eradicating and inhibiting the formation of biofilm by pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Surface Immobilization of Nano-Silver on Polymeric Medical Devices to Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riau ◽  
Aung ◽  
Setiawan ◽  
Yang ◽  
Yam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Surface Immobilization ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Microenvironment

: Bacterial biofilm on medical devices is difficult to eradicate. Many have capitalized the anti-infective capability of silver ions (Ag+) by incorporating nano-silver (nAg) in a biodegradable coating, which is then laid on polymeric medical devices. However, such coating can be subjected to premature dissolution, particularly in harsh diseased tissue microenvironment, leading to rapid nAg clearance. It stands to reason that impregnating nAg directly onto the device, at the surface, is a more ideal solution. We tested this concept for a corneal prosthesis by immobilizing nAg and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) on poly(methyl methacrylate), and tested its biocompatibility with human stromal cells and antimicrobial performance against biofilm-forming pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Three different dual-functionalized substrates—high Ag (referred to as 75:25 HAp:Ag); intermediate Ag (95:5 HAp:Ag); and low Ag (99:1 HAp:Ag) were studied. The 75:25 HAp:Ag was effective in inhibiting biofilm formation, but was cytotoxic. The 95:5 HAp:Ag showed the best selectivity among the three substrates; it prevented biofilm formation of both pathogens and had excellent biocompatibility. The coating was also effective in eliminating non-adherent bacteria in the culture media. However, a 28-day incubation in artificial tear fluid revealed a ~40% reduction in Ag+ release, compared to freshly-coated substrates. The reduction affected the inhibition of S. aureus growth, but not the P. aeruginosa. Our findings suggest that Ag+ released from surface-immobilized nAg diminishes over time and becomes less effective in suppressing biofilm formation of Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus. This advocates the coating, more as a protection against perioperative and early postoperative infections, and less as a long-term preventive solution.

Peptidomimetic Polyurethanes Inhibit Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Disrupt Surface Established Biofilms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apoorva Vishwakarma ◽  
Francis Dang ◽  
Allison Ferrell ◽  
Hazel A. Barton ◽  
Abraham Joy
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm

scholarly journals Thiazole Analogues of the Marine Alkaloid Nortopsentin as Inhibitors of Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Anna Carbone ◽  
Stella Cascioferro ◽  
Barbara Parrino ◽  
Daniela Carbone ◽  
Camilla Pecoraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
New Class ◽  
Marked Selectivity ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Reference Strains

Anti-virulence strategy is currently considered a promising approach to overcome the global threat of the antibiotic resistance. Among different bacterial virulence factors, the biofilm formation is recognized as one of the most relevant. Considering the high and growing percentage of multi-drug resistant infections that are biofilm-mediated, new therapeutic agents capable of counteracting the formation of biofilms are urgently required. In this scenario, a new series of 18 thiazole derivatives was efficiently synthesized and evaluated for its ability to inhibit biofilm formation against the Gram-positive bacterial reference strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and S. aureus ATCC 6538 and the Gram-negative strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442. Most of the new compounds showed a marked selectivity against the Gram-positive strains. Remarkably, five compounds exhibited BIC50 values against S. aureus ATCC 25923 ranging from 1.0 to 9.1 µM. The new compounds, affecting the biofilm formation without any interference on microbial growth, can be considered promising lead compounds for the development of a new class of anti-virulence agents.

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