scholarly journals CONTROL TESTS FOR GROWING UP BASKETBALL PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2021) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Mariana Borukova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
School Training ◽  
Better Than

The introduction of an updated test battery, covering tests accessible for all age groups and with duration of one training session is needed for the execution of effective control on the growing up basketball players. The purpose of the study was to create an updated test battery for basketball players (boys and girls) of U12, U14, and U16, including three groups of indicators: for physical development, physical preparedness, and technical skills. Three hundred and ten children from the clubs in the country (137 boys and 173 girls) participated in the sport-pedagogical tests. We applied a new test battery, covering 21 indicators, divided into three groups: for physical development, physical preparedness, and technical skills. The results were processed with a variation analysis and comparative analysis by the t-criterion of Student. The results showed statistically important differences for both sexes between U12 and U14 for the physical development and physical preparedness signs and for some tests in relation to the technical preparedness. An important difference was observed between U14 and U16 from both sexes for some of the sings only; as far as the technical skills were concerned, the differences for the boys were due to occasional reasons; for the U16 girls, they were considerably better than the U14 girls. The new test battery objectively reflects the real status of the level of all U12, U14, and U16 competitors. Normative tables will be developed to help the work of the coaches in relation to the optimization of the school-training process.

scholarly journals MAIN FACTORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS FITNESS OF 15-16-YEAR-OLD BASKETBALL PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2021) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Yavor Asparuhov ◽  
◽  
Mariana Borukova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Training

It is often needed in basketball practice to evaluate the stage of the young basketball players‘ preparation. In this way the necessary information is received which serves as a landmark about the level of their development – whether they have the necessary physical qualities and basketball skills, whether they go forward within the educational and training process and whether there is a perspective for their development as highly qualified competitors in the future. The disclosure of the factor structure of the physical development and the specific workability of growing up basketball players has high informative value for the optimization of the educational and training process. The aim of the study is to optimize the training process for growing basketball players by revealing the factor structure and identifying the main factors of sports preparedness in the age range of 15-16 years. The subject of research is the sports training of growing basketball players. The object of the study is the signs of physical development, the special physical and specific techno-tactical preparation. The research was done among 65 basketball players (15-16 years old). Sport and pedagogical tests as per 20 indicators, bearing information about the basic symptoms of the physical development and the specific basketball workability, were made for the needs of the study. The results of the tests were subjected to processing by descriptive statistics, correlation and factor analysis. Results: At the beginning of the study, seven main factors were identified that characterize the specific preparedness in basketball, while at the end of the study, the derived components were five.

scholarly journals Redox Homeostasis and Metabolic Profile in Young Female Basketball Players during In-Season Training

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Rosamaria Militello ◽  
Simone Luti ◽  
Matteo Parri ◽  
Riccardo Marzocchini ◽  
Riccardo Soldaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolite ◽  
Stress Markers

Background: Most studies on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels have been conducted in male athletes, although female participation in sport has increased rapidly in the past few decades. In particular, it could be important to assess oxidative stress markers in relation to the training load because the anaerobic path becomes predominant in high-intensity actions. Methods: Ten female professional basketball players, performing five 2 h-lasting training sessions per week, and 10 sedentary control women were investigated. Capillary blood and saliva samples were collected in the morning before the training session. The antioxidant capacity and the levels of reactive oxygen metabolites on plasma were determined measuring Reactive Oxygen Metabolite and Biological Antioxidant Potential (d-ROMs and the BAP Test). Salivary cortisol was detected by using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The antioxidant capacity (BAP value) was significantly higher in elite basketball players (21.2%; p < 0.05). Conversely, cortisol (51%; p < 0.009) and the levels of oxidative species (d-ROM, 21.9%; p < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in elite athletes.

scholarly journals PETTLEP imagery and tennis service performance: an applied investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafih Cherappurath ◽  
Masilamani Elayaraja ◽  
Dilshith A. Kabeer ◽  
Amila Anjum ◽  
Paris Vogazianos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Junior Tennis

AbstractTennis is one of the most popular and widely played sports enjoyed by players of different age groups and genders as a profession as well as a mode of recreation. A novel method, PETTLEP imagery combines both conventional and non-conventional style of training of an athlete and improves one’s performance. This study aimed to analyze the tennis service performance of junior tennis players based on PETTLEP imagery training. Forty-four junior male tennis players (Mage=13.22 years, SD=0.42) were selected for the study. The investigator handed over the MIQ-R questionnaire to all the participants in which they scored 16 and above points as per previous research. The participants were equally divided (n=11) into three experimental groups (E1, E2, and E3) and a control group. The service performance outcomes of all the players were compared before and after a training session. The three experimental groups were assigned with service-specific training, service-specific training combined with PETTLEP imagery training, and PETTLEP imagery training alone, respectively, for three days per week for 12 weeks. They were tested on their service accuracy based on the International tennis number (ITN) manual on-court assessment test. The data were assessed for normality and analyzed using non-parametric methods to reveal main effects (each training method alone) as well as to calculate the combined effect of PETTLEP and service-specific training. Certain significant improvements in tennis service were observed with service-specific training alone. Though it marginally outperformed the PETTLEP imagery method, the most improved services were observed with both PETTLEP and service-specific training utilized together. This implies an additive effect when both methods are used together.

Effects on Test Performance of Test Apparatus Boards Made of Different Material

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 916-918
Author(s):  
Richard D. Primmer ◽  
Robert M. Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Sharp Edges ◽  
Better Than

S s were administered Parts 9 and 10 of the GATB routinely as part of the test battery. 111 Ss used plastic apparatus boards and plastic pegs, while 128 used wooden apparatus boards and wooden pegs. Ss using wooden boards performed significantly better than Ss using plastic boards. Differences in performance were attributed to coarser texture of wooden pegs, heavier, more stable wooden boards, and a slight wearing at the edges of the wooden pegs and holes in contrast to the sharp edges on the plastic pegs.

Perception of Word Junctures by Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1075-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore De Marco ◽  
Roxanne M. Harrell
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Top Down ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meaningful Context ◽  
Better Than

A comparative study was undertaken to assess the relative magnitude of the effects of linguistic context on the perception of word-juncture boundaries in 30 young school-aged children, 30 older school-aged children, and 30 adults. Minimally contrasted two-word phrases differing in word-juncture boundaries were embedded in a meaningful sentence context, nonmeaningful sentence context, and in neutral phrase context. Groups performed similarly in the neutral phrase context, and two older groups performed better than the young group in the meaningful context. The poorest performances occurred during the nonmeaningful context, with a significant difference among age groups. Heavier reliance upon top-down processing and less developed linguistic and metalinguistic competence may account for the observed differences among groups.

Physical fitness of rhythmic gymnasts depending on age and level of sports achievements

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (91) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sterkowicz-Przybycień ◽  
Paula Fundament
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts ◽  
Better Than

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the indices of physical development, frequency and time duration of training, and the results of physical fitness tests depending on age and level of sports achievements among rhythmic gymnasts. Materials and methods. The study comprised 36 rhythmic gymnasts: Gr1 (n=13, 9.0±1.0 years), Gr2 (n=11, 11.36±0.5 years), Gr3 (n=12, 14.27±0.7 years). After standardised sports interview, the groups with lower level of sports achievements (LSL) (n=20) and higher level of sports achievements (HSL) (n=16) were defined. Measurements of body height and mass were performed. The study participants performed the broad jump test, Unipedal Stance Test with Eyes Open (UPST-EO) and Eyes Closed (EC), and the rhythmic gymnastics specific coordinative test with a hoop. Results. The number of training sessions per week and their duration did not depend on age. The results of the broad jump were significantly different for groups Gr1, Gr2 and Gr3 (F=27.02, p<0.01). The average results for the 3 trials of UPST-EO in Gr2 and Gr3 were better than in Gr1 (F=5.51, p=0.008). The average result of UPST-EC for Gr3 was also significantly better than for Gr1 (W=9.53, p=0.008). The hoop test showed differences for all age groups Gr1<Gr3<Gr2 (F=11.55, p<0.001). HSL athletes were significantly different from LSL in frequency and duration of training, average results from 3 trials of UPST-EO, UPSTEC and the best result of UPST-EC (p<0.05). Conclusions. Differences between groups in physical fitness tests results depended on gymnasts’ age and showed their usefulness in the control of training at a particular stage of sports development. HSL gymnasts predominated over LSL in results of the one-leg standing position postural balance test with eyes opened and closed. The detected differences can be useful for coaches in identifying and developing gymnastic talent.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Differences Related to Age in Dementia with Lewy Bodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Nagahama ◽  
Tomoko Okina ◽  
Norio Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
Better Than

Background/Aims: To examine the influence of age on neuropsychological performances in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Methods: We examined memory, executive, and visuo-constructional performances in 202 DLB patients and 236 AD patients. We divided the subjects into three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and 85–95 years old), and evaluated the differences in neuropsychological performances. Results: Recent memory in the DLB group was significantly better than that in the age-matched AD group when comparing the age groups 65–74 years and 75–84 years; however, memory impairment in the DLB patients in the age group 85–95 years was comparable with that in the age-matched AD patients. In contrast to recent memory, the other assessed neuropsychological performances, such as visuospatial and executive functions, showed no significant change in differences between the DLB and AD groups with advancing age. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the nature of memory impairment in DLB patients changes according to age. DLB patients in the young-old and old-old age groups showed significantly better memory performance than the age-matched AD patients, whereas memory performance of the DLB patients in the oldest-old age group was similar to that of the age-matched AD patients. This may be associated with the increased rate of coexisting AD pathology in DLB patients with older age.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of children’s physical development in different age groups in Voronezh region 15 years apart (1997-1999 and 2011-2014)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
O A Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Health Organization

Aim. To investigate physical development of children in Voronezh region in different age groups in 2011-2014 in comparison with the regional studies data in 1997-1999. Methods. The study was performed on 5644 children aged 1-18 years of health groups I and II in comparison with the data of 10 247 children aged 1-14 years examined in 1997-1999. Body height, weight and body mass index Z-scores, calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software, were evaluated. Results. Children’s Z-score values for body height in 2011-2014 were higher than in 1997-1999 in all age groups and at the age of 1-9 years these values exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Girls’ height approached the standards in 10-14 and 15-18 years, and boys’ height - in 15-18 years. Body weight of children aged 2-8 years was higher than the regional data in 1997-1999 and WHO standards approaching them at the age of 9. Body mass index increase compared to WHO standards was revealed in children aged 1-4 years (p=0.000), and in 2011-2014 the reported differences were less prominent than in 1997-1999. In 2011-2014 among 15-18-years-old girls the shift of body mass index values to the lack of body weight was noted, in 1997-1999 the same changes were found out for 10-14-years-old girls. Conclusion. In 2011-2014 specific attention was required to be paid to physical development of children at the age from 1 to 4 years due to overweight risk of and girls aged 15-18 years due to probable underweight risk.

scholarly journals Aspects of Tertiary Prevention in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Gabriel Zeno Munteanu ◽  
Zeno Virgiliu Ioan Munteanu ◽  
George Roiu ◽  
Cristian Marius Daina ◽  
Raluca Moraru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Patient ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Prevention ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Glaucoma

The purpose of the study is to assess the health of patients in the activity of tertiary prevention dedicated to preventing blindness caused by POAG (primary glaucoma with open angle and high tension) and NTG (primary glaucoma with open-angle and statistically normal tension—particular form of glaucoma with open angle) and preservation of the remaining visual function. The design of the study is epidemiological, observational, descriptive and retrospective, and uses only the data recorded in the existing records in the archives of the Ophthalmology office within the Integrated Outpatient Clinic of the Emergency Clinical Hospital of Oradea (IOCECHO) during the years 1999–2019 (anamnestic data; objective examination and paraclinical examination: intraocular pressure—IOP and visual field—VF). The methods of the study included the standardized protocol: anamnesis, physical ophthalmological examination, IOP determination, and computerized perimetry with the “Fast Threshold” strategy performed with the “Opto AP-300” perimeter. The obtained results were statistically processed with a specialized software (S.P.S.S.—I.B.M. Statistics version 22). The study examined the available data of 522 patients of which 140 were men (26.8%) and 382 were women (73.2%). The gender ratio was 0.37. In the period 1999–2019, 150,844 people with ophthalmic pathology were consulted in the Ophthalmology office of IOCECHO out of which 522 patients (0.35%) were diagnosed with primitive open-angle glaucoma, 184 people (35.2%) presented high IOP (POAG), and 338 people (64.8%) had statistically normal IOP (NTG). The annual proportion of cases diagnosed with glaucoma in the total number of patients examined was between 0.1% (2005; 2008; 2010) and 2.4% in 2012, when 101 people were detected. In the studied records, no cases of uni- and/or bilateral blindness were mentioned. The mean age of glaucoma patients at the first consultation was 60.81 ± 12.14 years with high frequencies in the 55–69 age groups and at the last consultation it was 66.10 ± 12.47 years with high frequencies in the age groups between 60–74 years. Monitoring and treatment of glaucoma patients was beneficial; IOP decreased statistically significantly: in patients with POAG by 46.16%, from 30.50 ± 7.98 mmHg to 16.42 ± 3.01 mmHg (p = 0.000) and in those with NTG by 17.44%, at 16.39 ± 3.66 mmHg at 13.53 ± 1.92 mmHG (p = 0.000). The duration of treatment and monitoring was on average 5.1 ± 3.4 years, for 184 patients (35.2%) with POAG and 5.1 ± 3.8 years for 338 patients (64.8%) with NTG. Tertiary prevention of glaucoma, by providing specialized care, ensures effective control of IOP and implicitly of the long-term evolution of the disease. IOP is the only modifiable risk factor in patients with POAG and NTG and its decrease prevents the progression of the disease and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. The management of the glaucoma patient consisted of: complete ophthalmological examination (subjective and objective), paraclinical examination with IOP, and VF measurement (valuable ophthalmological diagnostic tool) for disease detection and effective assessment of disease progression in order to improve the process of therapeutic decision making.

scholarly journals Chinese-style Off-campus Education: Research on the Popularity of After-school Training Institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Xianli Zhu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
After School ◽  
Education Evaluation ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Status ◽  
Training Institutions ◽  
School Training ◽  
Education In China

This paper is mainly about the status quo and long-lasting problems of off-campus education in China. There is no doubt that education should be student-oriented. However, most of Chinese after-school training institutions are carrying out the exam-oriented courses crazily, which ignores the differences of individuals, the rules of their mental and physical development, not to mention the study interests tend to withered away. Various factors are no strangers to this phenomenon, from the educational system, educational needs of every family to the atmosphere created by the training institutions. As a result, a large quantity of people are accustomed to judging the achievements of adolescents down the road simply by predicting their test scores, linking the needs of education with the good jobs and high incomes rather than self-realization. The Education Evaluation System has gradually simplified in a disapproving way, and young people are equal to nothing but an index on their transcripts. People who find themselves embroiled in this ever-spiraling situation feel progressively anxious about score and time, which corrodes the very foundation of Chinese education.

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