Inhibition of Microbial Growth in Cabbage-Kimchi by Heat Treatment and Nisin·Yucca Extract

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1678-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Sun Kim ◽  
Yu-Jin Kim ◽  
Jung-Mi Park ◽  
Tae-Jip Kim ◽  
Beom-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microbial Growth

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Packaging Materials from Poly(Lactic Acid) Incorporated with Pectin-Nisaplin® Microparticles

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
LinShu Liu ◽  
◽  
Tony Jin ◽  
Victoria Finkenstadt ◽  
Cheng-Kung Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Thin Membranes

The thermostability of nisin and Nisaplin® was investigated in the presence and absence of pectin. By mixing with pectin, both nisin and Nisaplin® were able to inhibit microbial growth, even after heating to 433 K. In contrast, without pectin, the nisin was totally inactivated after heat treatment. Nisin and pectin in solution were complexed, as shown by atomic force microscopic analysis. Probably, the complex formation between the polysaccharide and the polypeptide improves the nisin thermostability; however, a detailed mechanism remains to be resolved. Thin membranes were prepared by co-extrusion of poly(lactic acid) and microparticles of pectin-Nisaplin®. Despite the high extrusion temperatures, the presence of pectin protected the biological activity of nisin and the resultant membranes were antimicrobial and could be used as an inner layer of multi-layer packaging materials for active packaging.

scholarly journals Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin Residues in Table Eggs: Distribution and Heat Treatment Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Akram ALABOUDI ◽  
Dhary Alewy ALMASHHADANY ◽  
Ehab ABU-BASHA ◽  
Immadidden MUSALLAM
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Drug Deposition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hplc Technique

A 500 composite egg samples (2500 eggs-each sample represented by 5 eggs) collected from layer farms and local markets from all over Jordan were studied for presence of antimicrobials using Premi®Test screening test. Positive samples indicated by inhibition of microbial growth represented 12.8% out of total screened egg samples. Positive samples were examined quantitatively using HPLC technique to detect the presence of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin residues were detected in 1% and 0.8% of the total samples, respectively, where both drugs were recovered from white but not yolk. The effect of boiling on either drugs concentration in fortified white or yolk was demonstrated by gradual increases in the mean reduction percentages within treatment time with an average of 87% reduction after 15 minutes of boiling for both drugs and egg compartments and 5 minutes of frying at 160°C. The average concentration reduction percentages by the end of four weeks of refrigeration of fortified yolk and white were around 45 and 50% for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin respectively. The significance and mechanism of drug deposition and reduction during processing is being highlighted.

Antimicrobial Effect of Squid Ink on Common Microbial Causing Biofilm Attaching to Silicone

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Duongruitai Nicomrat ◽  
Jirasak Tharajak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Plastic Substrates ◽  
Food Applications

Present study consisted a possible novel natural antimicrobial agent replacing chemicals for preventing the microbial growth and microbial biofilm accumulated on silicone. Since squid ink has long proved to play various primary roles in wide ranges of alternative therapeutic medicine and food applications. This research was designed to report the potential antimicrobial effects of squid ink especially after heat treatment against the microorganisms causing biofilms. Various temperature conditions comprising room temperature (RT), 40, 60, 80, and 100°C were applied to the crude squid ink. Two fresh ink samples isolated from splendid squid (Loligo duvauceli) and soft cuttlefish (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) were determined for their antimicrobial activities after heat treatment on most reported microbes causing biofilms on these plastic substrates. The results showed that after pretreatment at RT-50°C for 15 min, fresh crude ink ofL.duvauceliconsistently presented higher bioactive activity (> 15 mm diameter) thanS.lessoniana(5-10 mm diameter), based on a zone of inhibition of disc diffusion method. From this study, both squid inks could definitely be future applied as active antimicrobial ingredients into silicone.

The differentiation of curd made from heated and raw milk

1973 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Guha ◽  
B. R. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
First Order ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Native Whey ◽  
Indian Law ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummarySince Indian law requires curds to be made from heat-treated milk, a means for distinguishing between curds made from raw and from heat-treated milks was sought. Curds contain whey proteins that are partly or completely denatured by heat treatment; the kinetics of the reaction are first order. The concentrations of native whey proteins in raw and heat-treated milks and in curds made from those milks were measured. No difference was found between the concentrations in heattreated milk and in the curds made from it, so that identical values were obtained for the half-life on heating and for the activation energy of denaturation. The acidity and microbial growth occurring during the production of curd did not affect the whey proteins. On electrophoresis, curd from raw milk gave a few whey protein bands, but curd from milk boiled for 10 min gave none, showing complete denaturation of the whey proteins.

Microbiological Stability of Pasteurized Ham Subjected to a Secondary Treatment in Retort Pouches

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. DELAQUIS ◽  
R. BAKER ◽  
A. R. McCURDY
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
Processing Procedure ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Stability ◽  
Microbial Stability

A ham processing procedure consisting of pasteurizing, packaging in retort pouches, and subjecting the hams to a secondary heat treatment was evaluated as a method of increasing microbial stability. Pasteurized hams reheated at 121°C for 10 min and stored at 1±1°C or 6±1°C showed no microbial growth after 6 or 12 months of storage. The number of microorganisms in pasteurized hams not receiving the secondary heat treatment ranged from 103/g to >108/g and from 102 to >108/cm2 on the surface after 3 to 5 months of storage. Pasteurized hams that had been inoculated with Clostridium sporogenes spores before pasteurization followed by a secondary heat treatment at 121°C for 10 min showed a delay in the occurrence of swollen packages when stored at room temperature compared to hams not receiving the secondary heat treatment. However, the secondary heat treatment did not prevent spoilage of hams. Ham that has not been treated to eliminate spores should be refrigerated.

The Precipitation of Si in AlCuSi Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Thin Films ◽  
Before And After

Aluminum-copper-silicon thin films have been considered as an interconnection metallurgy for integrated circuit applications. Various schemes have been proposed to incorporate small percent-ages of silicon into films that typically contain two to five percent copper. We undertook a study of the total effect of silicon on the aluminum copper film as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and ion microprobe techniques as a function of the various deposition methods.X-ray investigations noted a change in solid solution concentration as a function of Si content before and after heat-treatment. The amount of solid solution in the Al increased with heat-treatment for films with ≥2% silicon and decreased for films <2% silicon.

The influence of heat treatment on the fiber/matrix interface in a SiC-reinforced glassceramic

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
E. Bischoff ◽  
O. Sbaizero
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Lithium Aluminum ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Crack Wake ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Annealed Material ◽  
Ultrasonic Drilling ◽  
Fiber Matrix Interface

Fiber or whisker reinforced ceramics show improved toughness and strength. Bridging by intact fibers in the crack wake and fiber pull-out after failure contribute to the additional toughness. These processes are strongly influenced by the sliding and debonding resistance of the interfacial region. The present study examines the interface in a laminated 0/90 composite consisting of SiC (Nicalon) fibers in a lithium-aluminum-silicate (LAS) glass-ceramic matrix. The material shows systematic changes in sliding resistance upon heat treatment.As-processed samples were annealed in air at 800 °C for 2, 4, 8, 16 and 100 h, and for comparison, in helium at 800 °C for 4 h. TEM specimen preparation of as processed and annealed material was performed with special care by cutting along directions having the fibers normal and parallel to the section plane, ultrasonic drilling, dimpling to 100 pm and final ionthinning. The specimen were lightly coated with Carbon and examined in an analytical TEM operated at 200 kV.

Strain-induced martensite effects on transgranular carbide precipitation in type 304 stainless steels

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 604-605
Author(s):  
A.H. Advani ◽  
L.E. Murr ◽  
D. Matlock
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Deformation Twin ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Strain Induced Martensite ◽  
Type 304

Thermomechanically induced strain is a key variable producing accelerated carbide precipitation, sensitization and stress corrosion cracking in austenitic stainless steels (SS). Recent work has indicated that higher levels of strain (above 20%) also produce transgranular (TG) carbide precipitation and corrosion simultaneous with the grain boundary phenomenon in 316 SS. Transgranular precipitates were noted to form primarily on deformation twin-fault planes and their intersections in 316 SS.Briant has indicated that TG precipitation in 316 SS is significantly different from 304 SS due to the formation of strain-induced martensite on 304 SS, though an understanding of the role of martensite on the process has not been developed. This study is concerned with evaluating the effects of strain and strain-induced martensite on TG carbide precipitation in 304 SS. The study was performed on samples of a 0.051%C-304 SS deformed to 33% followed by heat treatment at 670°C for 1 h.

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