scholarly journals The Role of Innovation in Solving the Demographic Problems of the Arctic: A Population Perception Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-157
Author(s):  
Olga V. GUBINA ◽  
◽  
Anna A. PROVOROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Imple Mentation ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
State Regional ◽  
State Regional Policy

The decline in the birth rate, the increase in migration outflows and the deterioration of the health of the Russian Arctic population make it necessary to find innovative solutions to these issues. The scientific problem is to reveal the mechanisms of the influence of innovations and methods of their imple-mentation in the sphere of the formation and realizing of the Arctic demographic potential. The aim of the article is to study the perception of innovation by the population of the Arctic territories when solving personal demographic issues and to assess the relationship between this perception with socio-demographic characteristics. The novelty of the study is in an attempt to link demographic and innovation processes in the Arctic. It was reflected in the substantiation of the theoretical model. The key element of the model is the zone of innovations perception by the population, formed on the basis of the interaction of demographic and innovation processes and combining the following directions of perception: population innovative activity, the desire to learn, the willingness to invest in innovations, the assessment of the innovations availability and willingness to use them, the inclusion of the population into the digital environment when solving demographic problems. The empirical basis was formed by the author's sociological survey of the Arctic municipalities population of the Arkhangelsk region, conducted in 2019. It was revealed that innovation perception is mainly influenced by the age and education and, to a lesser extent, by the level of their income. The results obtained can be used to develop a state regional policy for the demographic development of the Arctic territories based on the use of innovations.

The Role of Unabsorbed Slack in Internal and Collaborative Innovation Processes — A Resource-Based Framework

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1640007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Slack Resources ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Collaborative Innovation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unabsorbed Slack ◽  
Innovation Processes

Extant research has highlighted the critical role of unabsorbed slack resources in internal innovation processes. In recent years, many firms have continued to open up their innovation processes to actively collaborate with external partners. In light of a limited understanding of the determinants of collaborative innovation, we provide new theoretical arguments about the relationship of unabsorbed slack resources with internal and collaborative innovation processes. Specifically, we draw on resource-based and competence-based logic and develop a conceptual framework for intraorganizational and interorganizational innovation with propositions for the impact of unabsorbed slack resources on internal and external knowledge acquisition and commercialization processes. The arguments underscore the critical role of excess resources in collaborative innovation, and they highlight the need for a fine-grained examination of the impact of unabsorbed slack resources in innovation processes. The arguments are particularly important in light of a renewed interest in essential enablers and barriers to collaborative innovation processes.

Trends of new regional policy development in EU member states

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Davymuka ◽  
Vasyl Kuybida ◽  
Lyubov Fedulova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
State Regional ◽  
The Eu ◽  
State Regional Policy

Slow transformations in socio-economic development of Ukrainian regions in the context of public authorities’ decentralization policy show poor efficiency of both state regional policy in general and regional policies of territories’ development in its former forms. This activates discussions and search for more efficient and adequate approaches to management of spatial development in the context of implementation of European integration course, taking into account the experience of European Union. The paper aims to outline the nature of modern role of regions in the context of regional policy and to reveal and explain the trends of practical implementation of new regional policy in the EU with further development of recommendations for authorities to be considered in strategic governance of territorial development in Ukraine. The nature of modern role of regions in the context of regional policy is outlined and conceptual foundations of new EU regional policy are defined. Special attention in paid to the increasing role of local actors and public authorities’ decentralization in the process of regional development governance. The trends of forming and implementation of new regional policy in the EU are revealed and specified, including the compliance with the established European values, interrelation between the goals of the policies of EU regions and cities with stimulation of economic growth and improvement of the quality of life based on strategic investment; structural changes in forming of European budget, innovative imperative of EU regional development and strengthening of external integration of regions. Based on the analysis of European experience, the lessons for authorities responsible for state regional policy of Ukraine are outlined. Targeted recommendations for state authorities are suggested to be taken into account in the process of forming and implementation of regional development strategy in conditions of decentralization of authorities and ongoing European integration processes. Special role is paid to the need to apply “soft” measures of regional policy that contribute to more extended attraction of informal institutes and creation of conditions for involvement of all regional actors into the process of making and accomplishment of management decisions.

scholarly journals The Linkage between Sustainability and Innovation Performance in IT Hardware Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Michelino ◽  
Antonello Cammarano ◽  
Andrea Celone ◽  
Mauro Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sustainability Framework ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
Hardware Industry

This work investigates the relationship between sustainability and innovation performance. Despite the relevance of the issue, few contributions deepen such a relationship after both a conceptual and a quantitative perspective. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to suggest a measure of sustainability for innovation processes and to define which innovation strategies can lead to more sustainable processes. The role of ambidexterity within the corporate sustainability framework is underlined: Ambidextrous organizations are able to improve the innovation performance and better use their resources, improving the sustainability of research and development (R&D) processes. By employing patent data and testing the framework on a sample of worldwide top R&D spending companies in the IT hardware industry, this work suggests which optimal value of ambidexterity will lead to more sustainable innovation. In addition, R&D processes with non-optimal levels of ambidexterity can be managed in a better way. Indeed, results show the usefulness of open innovation adoption to improve the performance of exploration processes. Moreover, R&D activities based on a preponderance of exploitation strategies are more sustainable if they fall into technological domains in which the focal company is highly specialized. The work also contributes to the conceptualization of sustainability and to definition of patent-based metrics related to sustainability.

The relationship among knowledge-based dynamic process capabilities, innovation processes and innovation performance: an empirical study of knowledge-based high-tech companies in Iran

Kybernetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Nazari ◽  
Amir Rahimipour Anaraki ◽  
Seyedeh Safiyeh Taghavi ◽  
Behzad Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Processes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of knowledge-based dynamic process capabilities (KBDPCs) on innovation performance, considering the mediator role of innovation processes in the Iranian knowledge-based high-tech companies. Design/methodology/approach Based on an in-depth review of previous studies, the indicators pertaining to the research constructs were extracted. Then, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to identify and confirm the research constructs. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling was used to investigate the intended relationships. Findings The results of the direct effect showed that KBDPCs have a significant positive effect on innovation performance. Further, moderation analysis demonstrated that innovation processes are moderated by the relationship between KBDPCs and innovation performance. Accordingly, the findings revealed that KBDPCs affect product innovation performance and exploratory innovation and transitional innovation increase this effect. Also, the mediator role of exploitation innovation in the relationship between KBDPCs and process innovation performance was proved. Research limitations/implications As this research was performed in the Iranian context, caution should be taken regarding the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications This paper provides a roadmap based on existing scenarios to enhance innovation performance for the surveyed-companies, in particular, and other companies, in general. Social implications The social implication of this study is to respond to the challenge of the managers of Iranian knowledge-based high-tech companies to improve innovation performance through KBDPCs and innovation processes and to grow and develop a sustainable business. Originality/value Given rare studies that have so far been conducted on the research field, this study extends the theories of KBDPCs, innovation processes and innovation performance. The constructs of the research model and relationships intended among them are also significant.

scholarly journals The Changing Role of the Service Sector in an Innovation-Oriented Economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Gryczka
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
General Level ◽  
Service Economy ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Processes

Abstract The development of a service economy and the more and more noticeable phenomenon of servicization have become inseparable elements in the evolution of the modern economy. The goal of this paper is to analyse the impact of servicization on selected economies, both in terms of GDP and employment structure, as well as on changes in foreign trade. The secondary, but still important aim is to examine the relationship between servicization and innovation processes. Based on the conducted research, it can be stated that the process of servicization occurs in both developed post-industrial economies and increasingly often in developing countries. Moreover, the analysis of the relationship between the general level of innovation in the economy and the degree of its servicization, showed that in many countries higher innovation is often associated with a stronger role of the service sector in the economy. The dynamics of structural change taking place in the “deagrarianization-deindustrialization-servicization” chain is therefore substantially influenced by technological progress.

scholarly journals A Regional Approach to Rural Development? Regional and Rural Programmes in Poland 2007–2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-198
Author(s):  
Paweł Chmieliński ◽  
Marcin Gospodarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Capita Expenditure ◽  
Size Population ◽  
The Relationship

We explore the role of structural factors (i.e. place-based characteristics) in shaping EU policy. Our analysis covered the real expenditure of funds for individual priority axes in the programmes of both policies in the 2007-2015 period (according to N+2 rule) and the change in socio-economic features at the local (powiat, NUTS4) level. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the level of per capita expenditure on RDP (rural development programmes) and ROP (regional operational programmes) and selected indicators describing the level of economic, social and demographic development of local government units. We show that in 2007-2013 rural and regional policy instruments were complementary, but also strongly related to the characteristics of the region (such as size, population, farmland) and therefore require greater adaptation to development opportunities and limitations. We suggest that there should be a more a place-based approach in future rural policy design and implementation.

scholarly journals A study of the role of wetlands in defining spatial patterns of near-surface (top 1 m) soil carbon in the Northern Latitudes

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 17967-18002
Author(s):  
E. M. Blyth ◽  
R. Oliver ◽  
N. Gedney
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Heterotrophic Respiration ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. A study of two observation-based maps (the Harmonised World Soil Database, HWSD and the Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database, NCSCD) of the surface (1 m) soil carbon in the Northern Latitudes (containing the Arctic and Boreal regions) reveal that, although the amounts of carbon estimated to be present in this region are very uncertain, the patterns are robust: both maps have soil carbon maxima that coincide with the major wetlands in the region, as described in the Global Lakes and Wetlands Database, GLWD. In fact, the relationship between near-surface soil carbon and the presence of wetlands is stronger than the relationship with soil temperature and vegetation productivity. These relationships are explored using the land surface model of the UK Hadley Centre GCM: JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator). The model is run to represent conditions at the end of the 20th century. Observed vegetation and phenology are used to define the vegetation, the physical properties of organic soils are represented, the fine-scale topography of the region is included in the parameterisation of the hydrology and as a result the GPP and location of the wetlands of the region are reasonably well simulated using JULES. Despite this, the soil carbon simulated by the model does not reveal the same patterns or the correlation with the wetland regions that are present in the data. This suggests that the model does not represent sufficiently strongly the suppression of heterotrophic respiration in saturated conditions. A simple adjustment to the JULES model was made whereby the heterotrophic respiration was reduced by the fraction of the grid that is modelled to be saturated. In effect, for the saturated areas the respiration was zero. This adjustment represents a simple experiment to establish the role of wetlands in defining the spatial patterns of near-surface soil carbon. The results were an improved predicted spatial pattern of soil carbon, with an increase in the correlation between soil carbon and wetlands although not as strong as suggested by the analysis of the data. This may be because the size of the wetlands was underestimated by the model. The study suggests that land surface models in general, and JULES in particular, need to establish a stronger moderation of soil respiration in saturated conditions in order that future climate controls on wetlands in the Northern Latitudes will result in the correct changes in soil carbon and carbon emissions.

scholarly journals Role of trust in implementing of social and economic innovations in society under transformation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Anna Andrushenko
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Economic Innovation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Processes

The article examines the nature of concepts “Innovatic”, “Innovation” and “novelty”; considered types of innovations and novelties of different classification criteria; singled out social innovations and novelties and determined their special social significance; is shown the relationship of trust and the socio-economic innovations with the help of compressed retrospective analysis of society life at different stages of its development, revealed prospects of socio-economic innovation processes in transforming society.

scholarly journals Formation of Scientific Grounds for Identification and Structuring of Problems of the Region Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M. L. Bekker ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
State Regional ◽  
State Regional Policy

The relevance of the article is justified by the increasing role of scientific provision for identification and structuring of regional development problems in the evolvement of directions of the State regional policy, as well as in the formation of strategies and programs of socio-economic development of regions of Ukraine. The article is aimed at substantiating the methodical approach to identification and structuring of problems of the region development. The analysis of the interpretation of the essence of concepts of «problematic region» and «depressed region» is carried out. It is defined that the concept of «problematic region» is wider, despite the fact that there is no such definition in the legislation of Ukraine. It is proved that in order to identify and structure the problems of regional development, it is advisable to apply the methodical approach developed by the author, which contains four consecutive stages, the implementation of which will allow to carry out a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the peculiarities of the regional development of Ukraine and identify the accompanying problems. Both the identification and structuring of problems along with determination of regional development goals is carried out in the measurements of «Natural-territorial and socio-economic potential», «Socio-economic and ecological efficiency», «Quality of life of the population». As for the above defined measurements of problem research and determination of regional development goals, it is proposed to apply the indicative indicators calculated using an additive method of convolution of their partial indicators and components. Prospect for further research is to improve the methodological provision of the goal-setting of development of regions of Ukraine.

A study into the special economic and legal status area’s particular qualities as a tool to attract investment in the Russian regions’ economic systems: The customs aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929-1968
Author(s):  
Kseniya V. ALYAB’EVA ◽  
Roman A. LAPTEV ◽  
Vladimir V. KOVARDA
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
State Regional ◽  
State Regional Policy

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the development of special economic and legal status areas in terms of attracting foreign investment and developing foreign economic activity. Objectives. The article aims to study the peculiarities of the special economic and legal status areas’ functioning as a tool for attracting investment in the economic systems of the regions of the Russian Federation from the standpoint of customs regulation. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical and statistical analyses. Due to the peculiarities of statistical information, we analyzed the areas industrial special economic zones are located in. Results. The article defines the essence of preferential treatment and the main issues of customs regulation of the activities of special economic and legal status areas. It describes the role of special status areas in the development of regional socio-economic systems. Conclusions. Priority social and economic development areas are the most appropriate tool to implement the State regional policy. This is confirmed by statistical data on the dynamics of the creation of such areas.

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