scholarly journals Biochemical and Haematological Effects and Histopathological Changes caused by Moringa oleifera on Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Elmuaiz Gasmalbari ◽  
◽  
Hatil H. EL-Kamali ◽  
Osama S. Abbadi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Histology

Background: Of the plant family Moringaceae, Moringa oleifera is the most popular. It draws researchers’ attention by its nutritional and phytochemical properties. The potential effects of this plant are still to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Moringa olifiera in the blood glucose, serum lipids, hemoglobin, hematologic values of blood cells, and the possible organ toxicity of this plant by measuring liver and kidney functions and histology. Materials and method: Moringa olifiera leaves were pounded to powder using a pestle. 100mg for each kilogram of bodyweight (mg/kg/bw) were weighted for each rat. Sera for blood glucose, lipid profile, blood parameters, and histology slides for liver and kidneys were prepared and studied after the above dose administration-orally, for three weeks. Results: Administration of aqueous Moringa leaves100mg/kg/bw to rats for 21days caused a significant decrease in the triglycerides level, plasma cholesterol, blood glucose, platelets count, plasma proteins and albumin. There was a significant increase in the body weight. White blood cells (WBCs) and packed cell volume (PCV) increased significantly, but the changes in Red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin level, blood urea and creatinine were not statistically significant. Features of tissue injury were seen in the liver and renal histology slides. Conclusion: The effects of Moringa olifiera in albino rats in this study agrees with most of the previous researches, but contradicts the literature with regards to the cholesterol and renal function results.

scholarly journals Impact of Cypermethrin 25% EC and pH on Certain Haematological Parameters of Cyprinid Fish Puntius javanicus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Tushar Kanti ◽  
Saha Samir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum

In present study an attempt has been made to investigate the combined impact of sub lethal toxicity of Cypermethrin 25% EC and pH on certain blood parameters of Puntius javanicus. Adult fish were exposed to sublethal concentration (0.36 µg/L) of cypermethrin 25% EC in different pH water i.e. pH 5, pH 6, pH 7, pH 8.5 and pH 9.5 for 15 days. Significant changes in red blood cell (RBCs) count, total white blood cells (WBCs), haemoglobin % (Hb%), haematocrit value, total serum protein and blood glucose level were observed in fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin. Significant decrease in red blood cell (RBCs) count, haemoglobin % (Hb %), haematocrit value and total serum protein content were found in fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 5, pH 6 and pH 9.5, compared to fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 7. A significant increase in these parameters were documented in fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 8.5, compared to fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 7. On the other hand a significant increase of total white blood cells (WBCs) and blood glucose level were recorded in fish subjected to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 5, pH 6 and pH 9.5, compared to fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 7. Values of these parameters were decreased significantly in fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 8.5, compared to fish exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 7. The values of all studied blood parameters in fish subjected to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin in pH 8.5 were almost found to retain the values of control group (pH 7, without toxicant).

Proposed Mechanism of Action of Topically Applied Autologous Blood Clot Tissue: A Quintessential Cellular and Tissue Based Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Snyder ◽  
Gregroy Schultz ◽  
Chinenye Wachuku ◽  
Arij M Rashid ◽  
J. Karim Karim Ead
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Autologous Blood Clot

Background: Chronic wounds, especially in patients with diabetes, oftenrepresent clinical challenges. Recently the use of a topically applied blood clot has garnered significant interest. This stromal matrix contains viable cells that are autologous, biocompatible, biological and consistent with a metabolically active scaffold. It has been shown to be safe, effective, and cost efficient. However, the mechanism of action of this modality remains elusive. The objective of this manuscript is to identify a potential mechanism of action of an autologous blood clot.Methods: Review of clinical and scientific literature hypothesizes on how autologous blood clots may stimulate healing and facilitate the movement of critical substrates while lowering bioburden and fostering angiogenesis.Results: Blood serves as a carrier for many components: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, proteins, clotting factors, minerals, electrolytes, and dissolved gasses. In response to tissue injury, the hemostatic mechanism employs a host of vascular and extravascular responses initiating primary, secondary, and tertiary hemostasis. The scaffold created by the autologous blood clot tissue provides a medium in which the body can transform the wound from a non-healing chronic condition into a healing "acute" condition. The autologous blood clot tissue also creates a protective setting for the body to utilize its own mechanisms to promote wound healing in an organized manner. This transient scaffold recruits surrounding fibroblasts and promotes cell ingrowth to foster granulation tissue remodeling. Cells in this matrix not only sense soluble factors, but also their physical environments. This well-orchestrated mechanism includes signals from soluble molecules, from the substrate/matrix to which the cell is adherent, from the mechanical or physical forces acting on it, and from contact with other cells. Topically applied autologous blood clot tissue can lower bacterial bioburden while stimulating angiogenesis and fostering the movement of keratinocytes and fibroblasts.Conclusions: Topically applied autologous blood clot tissue represents a formidable cellular and tissue based therapy that has been shown to be safe and effective. Although the central component of this therapy is blood, the autologous clot tissue creates a scaffold that performs as a biologic delivery system that functions to control the release of growth factors and cytokines over several days.

scholarly journals Profile of cortisol, glycaemia, and blood parameters of American Bullfrog tadpoles Lithobates catesbeianus exposed to density and hypoxia stressors

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Teixeira ◽  
Danielle C. Dias ◽  
Guilherme C. Rocha ◽  
Antônio M. Antonucci ◽  
Fernanda M. França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Lithobates Catesbeianus ◽  
American Bullfrog ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate alterations to the physiological profile (cortisol, glycaemia, and blood parameters) of Lithobates catesbeianus caused by the stressors density and hypoxia. The organisms were in the prometamorphosis stage and exposed to different tadpole densities: 1 tadpole/L (T1), 5 tadpoles/L (T2), and 10 tadpoles/L (T3) for 12 days. The blood was collected through the rupture of the caudal blood vessel and collected under normoxia (immediate collection) and hypoxia (after 15 minutes of air exposure) conditions. Cortisol levels rose on the fourth and eighth days of treatment and returned to basal levels by the end of the experiment. The stressor mechanisms tested did not affect glycaemia. White blood cells (total number of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils) showed a significant difference at the twelfth day of the experiment when compared with the start of the experiment. We concluded that, under controlled conditions, a density of up to 10 tadpoles/L and air exposure for 15 minutes did not cause harmful physiological alterations during the experimental period. The answer to these stressors maybe was in another hormonal level (corticosterone).

scholarly journals Effect of aspartame on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in rat blood

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Prokic ◽  
Milica Paunovic ◽  
Milos Matic ◽  
Natasa Djordjevic ◽  
Branka Ognjanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Antioxidative Status

Aspartame (ASP) is one of the most widely used nonnutritive sweeteners. This study investigates the chronic effects of ASP on hematological and biochemical parameters, and its effects on the oxidative/antioxidative status in the red blood cells of Wistar albino rats. Rats were provided with ASP (40 mg/kg/daily for six weeks) in drinking water. Increased food and fluid intake was observed in the ASP-treated rats. Total body mass was significantly decreased in the ASP-treated rats. Treatment with ASP caused an increase in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as a decrease in the levels of HDL-cholesterol in the serum. A significant decline in the number of white blood cells (WBC) was observed after ASP uptake. Based on the results we conclude that ASP induces oxidative stress, observed as an alteration of the glutathione redox status, which leads to increased concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in the red blood cells. Changes in biochemical parameters, lipid metabolism, as well as changes in the levels of oxidative stress markers and the appearance of signs of liver damage indicate that chronic use of ASP can lead to the development of hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and associated diseases.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ZINC ELEMENT AND DEXAMETHASONE ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL BIOCHEMICAL TESTS IN RABBITS MALE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Short Time

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc in dose 15mg/kg.bw daily  taken by the mouth and dexamethasone 4mgIkg.Bw by injection for 30days on some hematological biochemical tests and some histological changes of liver spleen in male rabbits. Thirty rabbits were used that divided into 3 randomized groups (each group contain 10 male rabbits ). Control group was taken normal food and water, Zinc group that gave zinc at dose of 15mg/kg.BW/daily/oral on 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. Dexamethasone with zinc group : Employ dexamethasone 4mg/Kg.Bw . I.M dialy for 1 and 2 weeks for experiment and at  3, 4th weeks they gave zn 15mg/lKg.Bw day/orally. Blood samples were taken from the heart directly in 2 and 4weeks to examine packed cell volume (pcv), white blood cells (WBCs), Red blood cells (RBCs) with differential Leuckcyte count.separation blood collection to plasma and examine glucose mg/dl , cholesterol mg/dl. In histological tests, rabbits were killed and separate their organs tissue from the body to examine liver and spleen. The results revealed  a decrease in level of RBCs, pcv after treatment with zinc 15, mg/Kg.Bw orally (zinc group) and increase in WBCs with differential leuckocyte count specially neutrophil cell, while biochemical tests show increase in glucose and cholesterol levels after treatment with dexamethasone 4mglkgBw. I/M seen increase in counts of RBCs , PCV, WBCs and differential lenkocyte count and decrease in glucose with cholesterol parameters, histological changes show change in liver after treatment by dexamethasone 4mglKg.Bw ,spleen tissue seen necrosis and pigmentation with hemorrhage after take dexamethasone 4mglkg in (dexamethasone + zinc group). Results also showed that zinc enhanced the immune system in at normal dose for limited time  because of its effect on other mineral such as copper and causes anemia , while the dexamethasone is a drug used for antianflammatory but for a short time.                                                                                                                           

scholarly journals Anthrax Toxin Characterization

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Patočka ◽  
Miroslav Špliňo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Lethal Factor ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthrax Toxin ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
The Third ◽  
Edema Factor

The anthrax toxin comprises three proteins. When they work together, they can kill humans, especially after spores of the bacteria have been inhaled. One anthrax protein, called protective antigen (PA), chaperones the two other toxins into human or animal cells and shields them from the body’s immune system. The second, lethal factor (LF), destroys the white blood cells that hosts send in defence. The third toxin molecule, edema factor (EF), hijacks the signaling system in the body. This disrupts the energy balance of cells and leads to them accumulating fluid and complete destroy of cells.

ALLIUM SATIVUM ESSENTIAL OIL (ASEO);

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 612-616
Author(s):  
Faisal Irshad ◽  
Hina Mawani ◽  
Sana Naz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Animal House

Objectives: To determine the effects of Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO)phytotherapy on serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc and blood cell counts inalbino rat model. Study design: Experimental study. Setting and Duration: Animal House,Sindh Agriculture University and Isra University Hyderabad from May 2014 to January 2015.Materials and Methods: 60 albino rats were divided into four groups. Controls were givenPlacebo. Experimental rat groups were given ASEO 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kgorally for 30 days. Cardiac puncture was performed for blood sampling. Research variableswere analyzed on Statistix 10.0 (USA). Results: Blood lipids showed significant reduction invarious blood lipid fractions. Serum LDLc exhibited with a concomitant rise in serum HDLc (p=0.0001) in high ASEO treated rats. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelet showedsignificant improvement ASEO fed rats (p=0.001). Conclusion: Allium sativum essential oil(ASEO) phytotherapy showed a rise in HDLc and a reduction in LDLc, triglycerides and totalcholesterol with improvement in red blood cell counts.

scholarly journals Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Basit ◽  
Arifah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Teck Loh ◽  
Saleha Abdul Aziz ◽  
Annas Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Serum Activity ◽  
Haematological Indices

This research was conducted to estimate the effects of Persicaria odorata leaf meal (POLM) on haematological indices, serum biochemical attributes, and internal organs parameters, including histomorphological features of the liver, in broiler chickens. A total of 120 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly allocated into four experimental groups. The dietary treatments were basal diet (BD), which served as the control (C), along with BD + 2 g/kg POLM (Po2), BD + 4 g/kg POLM (Po4), BD + 8 g/kg POLM (Po8), which were the supplemented groups. The body weight gain (BWG) showed a linear increase and feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a linear decrease with increasing POLM dosage at day 42 (p ˂ 0.05) and for the overall growth performance period (p ˂ 0.01). On day 21 and day 42, the values of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), haemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) showed linear increases (p ˂0.05) as the dosage of POLM increased in the diet. On day 21, dietary supplementation of POLM linearly decreased (p ˂ 0.05) the serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), and serum levels of urea and creatinine. On the other hand, serum levels of total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin showed a linear increase (p ˂ 0.05) as the POLM dosage increased. On day 42, the serum activity of AST and ALT and serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and creatinine showed linear decreases (p ˂ 0.05) with increased levels of POLM in the diet. However, POLM supplementation linearly increased (p ˂ 0.05) the serum levels of TP and globulin. Dietary inclusion of POLM did not influence the organ parameters and showed no adverse effects on the liver histomorphology. In conclusion, supplementation of POLM increased the growth performance, improving haematological indices and serum biochemistry profiles of broiler chickens without any deleterious effects on the liver histomorphology. The results of the present study provide evidence that POLM can be safely used at a dose rate of 8 g/kg of feed as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs).

scholarly journals Critical requirement for Stat5 in a mouse model of polycythemia vera

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (15) ◽  
pp. 3539-3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqing Yan ◽  
Robert E. Hutchison ◽  
Golam Mohi
Keyword(s):  
Polycythemia Vera ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Primary Myelofibrosis ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Critical Requirement ◽  
Multiple Signaling

The JAK2V617F mutation has been identified in most cases of Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Expression of JAK2V617F results in constitutive activation of multiple signaling molecules/pathways. However, the key signaling downstream of JAK2V617F required for transformation and induction of MPNs remains elusive. Using a mouse genetic strategy, we show here that Stat5 is absolutely required for the pathogenesis of PV induced by Jak2V617F. Whereas expression of Jak2V617F in mice resulted in all the features of human PV, including an increase in red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelets, and splenomegaly, deletion of Stat5 in the Jak2V617F knockin mice normalized all the blood parameters and the spleen size. Furthermore, deletion of Stat5 completely abrogated erythropoietin (Epo)–independent erythroid colony formation evoked by Jak2V617F, a hallmark feature of PV. Re-expression of Stat5 in Stat5-deficient Jak2V617F knockin mice completely rescued the defects in transformation of hematopoietic progenitors and the PV phenotype. Together, these results indicate a critical function for Stat5 in the pathogenesis of PV. These findings also provide strong support for the development of Stat5 inhibitors as targeted therapies for the treatment of PV and other JAK2V617F-positive MPNs.

Associations between white blood cells count and obesity in apparently healthy young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ghannadiasl
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Purpose The elevated white blood cells (WBCs) count has been reported to be a predictor of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. This study aims to determine the associations between WBCs count and obesity in apparently healthy young adults. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, the authors evaluated the body mass index (BMI) in 392 apparently healthy young adults of both sexes. The WBCs count was measured using standard counter techniques. The inclusion criteria were the agreement to participate in the study, between 18 and 25 years of age, lack of self-reported diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, kidney and infectious diseases. Findings According to the BMI classification, underweight and overweight or obesity were observed in 14.58 and 11.48 per cent of young adults, respectively. The mean WBC was 6.5 ± 1.5 (×10³ cells/µL). Higher values of WBCs were found in women than in men (p = 0.02). The young adults with higher BMI had a higher WBCs count. There was a positive correlation between WBCs count and weight and BMI (r = 0.19 and r = 0.22, p < 0.001, respectively). Research limitations/implications This research was a cross-sectional study. Future studies are suggested using longitudinal studies to examine more relationships between obesity and WBCs count in apparently healthy young adults. Practical implications The results of this study provide evidence for weight management in this age group to reduce diseases associated with increased WBCs count. Originality/value The WBCs count was related to increasing levels of BMI per cent 2 C even in the normal range.

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