scholarly journals PENGELOMPOKAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK BERDASARKAN KATEGORI USIA DENGAN METODE K-MEANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sahat Sonang ◽  
Arifin Tua Purba ◽  
Ferri Ojak Imanuel Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Government

Control of population is one of the tasks of the government in Indonesia. The increase and movement of population in each region makes a certain area to defeat changes in population surging, and this can affect the economic level of the area. This study aims to process the population of Pematangsiantar City in 2018 which is divided into age groups, namely: Toddlers, Young Children, Early Adolescents, Late Adolescents, Early Adolescents, Late Adulthood, Early Adulthood, Elderly, Late Elderly, and Upper Seniors. Data processing is done by using K-Means method clustering in accordance with the population of Pematangsiantar City per district. With this grouping, we can see that the number of population in each sub-district is based on each age group so that we can implement programs that are more appropriate in improving human resources.

scholarly journals Sexually Dimorphic Faciometrics in Black Racial Groups From Early Adulthood to Late Middle Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 147470491881105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Robertson ◽  
Barbara E. Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Racial Background ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Older Populations

An increasing body of research focusing on gender-related traits has utilized faciometrics in order to consider sexual dimorphism: Aspects as diverse as social heuristics, facial attractiveness, sexual orientation, aggression, and trustworthiness have all been investigated. However, the majority of these studies have tended to focus on White or Caucasian student populations and have paid little regard to either older populations or racial background. The current study therefore investigated sexual dimorphism in 450 participants (225 women) from a Black population across four age groups (20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s). In line with much previous research using White or Caucasian faces, the expected sexual dimorphism was seen in the younger age-group in three of the four indices (cheekbone prominence, facial width to lower facial height, and lower face height to full face height). However, consistent with more recent literature, the facial width to height ratio (fWHR) was not found to be significantly different between men and women in this age-group. Contrary to previous research, when considering broader age groups, the three established measures of facial sexual dimorphism, when looked at independently, remained static over time, but this was not true for fWHR. It is concluded that facial structure does not follow the same aging trajectory in all populations and care should be taken in choice of facial metric, depending on the nature of the sample under investigation.

Development and Piloting of the Starship Posttraumatic Amnesia Scale for Children Aged Between Four and Six Years

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Fernando ◽  
Lynette Eaton ◽  
Morag Faulkner ◽  
Yogi Moodley ◽  
Raylene Setchell
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Posttraumatic Amnesia ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop and pilot a posttraumatic amnesia scale (PTA) scale for children aged between four and six years. The scale consists of seven orientation questions and five memory items modelled on the Westmead PTA Scale which assesses posttraumatic amnesia in children from eight years onwards and adults. The sample consisted of 45 four-year-olds, 82 five-year-olds and 49 six-year-old children from a variety of cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. Children were recruited from hospitals, kindergartens and schools. Results were analysed across age groups using means and standard deviations. The orientation and memory items were analysed separately as well as in combination. Early analyses indicate that the majority of normal children in the four to 6 year age group can answer most of the orientation questions correctly and remember the memory stimuli from day to day. The results indicate that the Starship PTA Scale is suitable for young children aged 4 to 6 years. It is simple and quick to administer and utilises an operational definition of posttraumatic amnesia in terms of measuring continuous memory.

scholarly journals Prospective study of patients with membranous patch over the tonsil at GIMS, Kalaburagi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2194
Author(s):  
Renuka S. Melkundi ◽  
Siddaram Patil
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Current study was done to know various clinical aspects of membranous patch over the tonsil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for the study were collected from patients who presented with membranous patch over the tonsil in the department of ENT at GIMS, Kalaburagi from January 2019 to December 2019. This is a prospective case study. 225 patients were included in the study. Once patient was presented to us detailed history, examination and necessary investigations were done.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The present study included 225 patients out of which out of which females were 132 (59%) and males were 93 (41%). The predominant clinical features were sore throat (225 cases), fever (212 cases), dysphagia (90 cases) and bull neck (45 cases). The most common cause of membranous patch over tonsil was found to be diphtheria (68%) followed by streptococcal tonsillitis (30%) and others (2%). In our study microbiological investigations like Albert stain was positive in 153 cases and culture was positive in 140 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was observed in our study that diphtheria constitutes the majority (68%) and the incidence of adult is almost on par with paediatric age group. Despite of UIP we have seen increased incidence in the adult age group. Hence it requires the health agencies and the Government to increase immunization coverage, as India has witnessed the highest number of cases in the world for the year 2015. As evident from the shift in age groups being infected, adult booster dose has to be introduced at 10 years interval.</p>

scholarly journals Age-Specific Crisis Awareness Survey for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): How Much Do You Think You Should Pay for Hypothetical Prophylactic Vaccine and Therapeutic Drug for COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kawahara ◽  
Masahiro Yao ◽  
Hiroji Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

Abstract BACKGROUND: The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide phenomenon with 2,063,161 people infected and 136,938 deaths globally as of April 16, 2020. This study conducted a chronological survey of crisis awareness regarding COVID-19 within different age groups.METHODS: An internet-based survey was performed of healthy Japanese adults to investigate the value of a hypothetical prophylactic vaccine and therapeutic drug for COVID-19 in each age group. The survey was conducted on Friday of each week commencing from February 14, 2020 to April 10, 2020. At certain times or events such as when the government released major announcements or when there was a rapid increase in the number of infected individuals, a similar survey was conducted on an additional 1,200 individuals per week.RESULTS: A total of 12 surveys, including weekly surveys spanning over 9 weeks, were conducted, and a total of 19,113 samples from 12,254 individuals were obtained. The mean price for a hypothetical prophylactic vaccine was 2876.3 JPY (26.9 USD) at the first survey and was significantly increased to 3357.4 JPY (31.4 USD) for the most recent survey (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Though the percentage of those who will not pay were higher in young age group than in elderly age group, the percentage of those who will pay more than standard costs of influenza vaccine or treatment drugs were same between each aging group.

Occurrence of Schistosoma hermatobium amongst L.E.A. Primary School Pupils in Giri village, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
B. Balarabe-Musa
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Education Authority ◽  
The Impact

The epidemiological studies and clinical features of Schistosoma hermatobium were carried out on 100 pupils of Local Education Authority (L.E.A) Primary School in Giri Village, Abuja. The result of this study showed a total prevalence rate of 33%. The prevalence of Schistosoma hermatobium in relation to gender showed that the male pupils 33.9% were more infected than the female pupils 31.8% But there was no significant relationship between prevalence and gender (p> 0.05). However, the prevalence rate in relation to age group showed that age group 14-16 had the highest rate of prevalence (43.5%). Statistical analysis also showed that there is positive correlation between prevalence and the various age groups (p<0.05). This study showed that Primary six pupils had the highest prevalence of Schistosoma hermatobium in relation to class of study. (37.7%). However, there was no positive relationship between prevalence and class of pupil (p>0.05). This study reveals that Schistosoma hermatobium parasite is a concern in Giri area, Abuja, FCT. Therefore, this study recommends that the government should create awareness on the impact of this disease and to enlighten the children through health education programs on the mode of transmission of this parasite and how to control Schistosomiasis.

Decreased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Finnish Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Parviainen ◽  
Anna But ◽  
Heli Siljander ◽  
Mikael Knip ◽  
the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Islet Autoimmunity ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE <p>The incidence of type 1 diabetes has been rising for decades, particularly among young children. Between 2006 and 2011 the incidence rate reached a plateau in Finland. In this observational register-based cohort study, we assess recent trends in the disease rate in Finnish children.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>Based on data from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register, we studied the incidence of type 1 diabetes among children under the age of 15 years between 2003 and 2018. We assessed sex-specific incidence rates (IRs) per 100,000 person years (PY) by 4-year time periods in three age groups (0.50–4.99, 5.00–9.99, and 10.00–14.99 years).</p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>Among the 7,871 children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, the median age at diagnosis increased from 7.88 to 8.33 (<i>P </i>= 0.001), while the overall IR decreased from 57.9/100,000 PY in 2003–2006 to 52.2/100,000 PY in 2015–2018, yielding an IR ratio (IRR) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.85–0.96, <i>P </i>= 0.001). This decline was mainly due to the decrease in the youngest age group [IRR 0.77 (95% CI 0.68–0.87); <i>P </i>< 0.001], being significant both among males and females. In the middle age group, a significant decrease was observed only among females. No changes were observed in the oldest children.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p>The incidence of type 1 diabetes decreased among young Finnish children between 2003 and 2018. Current findings imply that environmental factors driving the immune system towards islet autoimmunity are changing in young children.</p>

scholarly journals Home-based anthropometric, blood pressure and pulse measurements in young children by trained data collectors in the National Children’s Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-209
Author(s):  
Michele Zimowski ◽  
Jack Moye ◽  
Bernard Dugoni ◽  
Melissa Heim Viox ◽  
Hildie Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Usa

AbstractObjectiveThe current study assessed whether home-based data collection by trained data collectors can produce high-quality physical measurement data in young children.DesignThe study assessed the quality of intra-examiner measurements of blood pressure, pulse rate and anthropometric dimensions using intra-examiner reliability and intra-examiner technical error of measurement (TEM).SettingNon-clinical, primarily private homes of National Children’s Study participants in twenty-two study locations across the USA.SubjectsChildren in four age groups: 5–7 months (n 91), 11–16 months (n 393), 23–28 months (n 1410) and 35–40 months (n 800).ResultsAbsolute TEM ranged in value from 0·09 to 16·21, varying widely by age group and measure, as expected. Relative TEM spanned from 0·27 to 13·71 across age groups and physical measures. Reliabilities for anthropometric measurements by age group and measure ranged from 0·46 to >0·99 with most exceeding 0·90, suggesting that the large majority of anthropometric measures can be collected in a home-based setting on young children by trained data collectors. Reliabilities for blood pressure and pulse rate measurements by age group ranged from 0·21 to 0·74, implying these are less reliably measured with young children when taken in the data collection context described here.ConclusionsReliability estimates >0·95 for weight, length, height, and thigh, waist and head circumference, and >0·90 for triceps and subscapular skinfolds, indicate that these measures can be collected in the field by trained data collectors without compromising data quality. These estimates can be used for interim evaluations of data collector training and measurement protocols.

scholarly journals Context-specific complementary feeding recommendations developed using Optifood could improve the diets of breast-fed infants and young children from diverse livelihood groups in northern Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Vossenaar ◽  
Frances A Knight ◽  
Alison Tumilowicz ◽  
Christine Hotz ◽  
Peter Chege ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Northern Kenya ◽  
Pastoralist Communities ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Infants And Young Children

AbstractObjectiveTo formulate age- and context-specific complementary feeding recommendations (CFR) for infants and young children (IYC) and to compare the potential of filling population-level nutrient gaps using common sets of CFR across age groups.DesignLinear programming was used to develop CFR using locally available and acceptable foods based on livelihood- and age-group-specific dietary patterns observed through 24 h dietary recalls. Within each livelihood group, the nutrient potential of age-group-specific v. consolidated CFR across the three age groups was tested.SettingThree food-insecure counties in northern Kenya; namely, settled communities from Isiolo (n 300), pastoralist communities from Marsabit (n 283) and agro-pastoralist communities from Turkana (n 299).SubjectsBreast-fed IYC aged 6–23 months (n 882).ResultsAge-specific CFR could achieve adequacy for seven to nine of eleven modelled micronutrients, except among 12–23-month-old children in agro-pastoralist communities. Contribution of Fe, Zn and niacin remained low for most groups, and thiamin, vitamin B6 and folate for some groups. Age-group-consolidated CFR could not reach the same level of nutrient adequacy as age-specific sets among the settled and pastoralist communities.ConclusionsContext- and age-specific CFR could ensure adequate levels of more modelled nutrients among settled and pastoralist IYC than among agro-pastoralist communities where use of nutrient-dense foods was limited. Adequacy of all eleven modelled micronutrients was not achievable and additional approaches to ensure adequate diets are required. Consolidated messages should be easier to implement as part of a behaviour change strategy; however, they would likely not achieve the same improvements in population-level dietary adequacy as age-specific CFR.

Ageing meanings of (ing)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Schleef ◽  
Nicholas Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Developmental Constraints ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Two Age Groups

This study examines the social meanings that speakers associate with variants of the variable (ing) in Manchester, focusing on a comparison of two age groups: a young age group of adolescents and those in very early adulthood, and an older age group. In most English varieties, (ing) has two possible realisations: [ɪŋ] and [ɪn]. However, in Manchester, a third possibility exists: [ɪŋg]. Social meanings differ between age groups on three scales: articulateness, poshness and reliability. When compared to the youths, those in the older age group consider [ɪŋ] to sound substantially more articulate than [ɪn], as well as posher and more reliable than [ɪŋg]. In contrast, those in the younger group consider [ɪŋg] more reliable and posher-sounding than the older speakers. This is due, we argue, to developmental constraints during adolescence, but, more importantly, to life-stage experiences, with social meanings on these three scales altering as speakers leave adolescence behind and become increasingly subject to the standardisation pressures of adult communities.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of rotaviruses disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šukrija Zvizdić ◽  
Sađida Telalbašić ◽  
Edina Bešlagić ◽  
Semra Čavaljuga ◽  
Jasminka Maglajlić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotaviruses are the major causes of viral gastroenteritis in infant and the young children. There are a wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms of rotavirosis. Rotavirus infection is fecal-oral infection. Rotaviruses prove with Latex agglutination test and electron microscopy. In a four year period 943 stool samples out of 527 hospitalized patients had been analyzed. A presence of rotavirus is proved with a LA and EM tests at 170 (32,2%) patients age 0-7 years, in their stool samples. Analyzing age groups of these patients, it was found that the rotavirusesinfection the most frequently occurred at age group from 7-24 months. From 170 positive patients, 122 or 71,8% were in this age group. At all patients was found diarrhea, vomiting in a 90,5% cases. Mild fever had 65,5% patients, signs of a respiratory infection appeared at 60,7% patients, abdominal pain at 13,3% patients. Severe dehydration had 49,9% patients and metabolic acidosis had 79,2% cases. Macroscopically blood in stool had 6,4% patients, slime in a stool 46,0% patients was found, and aholic stool had 8,4% patients. In all hospitalized patients disease lasted in average 12,6 days, and the hospitalization in average 10,2 days. None of the patient had any kind of complication, all of them very successfully cured. These results confirm that rotaviruses are important health problem among infant and the young children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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