scholarly journals Prospective study of patients with membranous patch over the tonsil at GIMS, Kalaburagi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2194
Author(s):  
Renuka S. Melkundi ◽  
Siddaram Patil
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Current study was done to know various clinical aspects of membranous patch over the tonsil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for the study were collected from patients who presented with membranous patch over the tonsil in the department of ENT at GIMS, Kalaburagi from January 2019 to December 2019. This is a prospective case study. 225 patients were included in the study. Once patient was presented to us detailed history, examination and necessary investigations were done.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The present study included 225 patients out of which out of which females were 132 (59%) and males were 93 (41%). The predominant clinical features were sore throat (225 cases), fever (212 cases), dysphagia (90 cases) and bull neck (45 cases). The most common cause of membranous patch over tonsil was found to be diphtheria (68%) followed by streptococcal tonsillitis (30%) and others (2%). In our study microbiological investigations like Albert stain was positive in 153 cases and culture was positive in 140 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was observed in our study that diphtheria constitutes the majority (68%) and the incidence of adult is almost on par with paediatric age group. Despite of UIP we have seen increased incidence in the adult age group. Hence it requires the health agencies and the Government to increase immunization coverage, as India has witnessed the highest number of cases in the world for the year 2015. As evident from the shift in age groups being infected, adult booster dose has to be introduced at 10 years interval.</p>

scholarly journals PENGELOMPOKAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK BERDASARKAN KATEGORI USIA DENGAN METODE K-MEANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sahat Sonang ◽  
Arifin Tua Purba ◽  
Ferri Ojak Imanuel Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Government

Control of population is one of the tasks of the government in Indonesia. The increase and movement of population in each region makes a certain area to defeat changes in population surging, and this can affect the economic level of the area. This study aims to process the population of Pematangsiantar City in 2018 which is divided into age groups, namely: Toddlers, Young Children, Early Adolescents, Late Adolescents, Early Adolescents, Late Adulthood, Early Adulthood, Elderly, Late Elderly, and Upper Seniors. Data processing is done by using K-Means method clustering in accordance with the population of Pematangsiantar City per district. With this grouping, we can see that the number of population in each sub-district is based on each age group so that we can implement programs that are more appropriate in improving human resources.

scholarly journals Trends in Poliovirus Seroprevalence in Kano State, Northern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S103-S109
Author(s):  
Harish Verma ◽  
Zubairu Iliyasu ◽  
Kehinde T Craig ◽  
Natalie A Molodecky ◽  
Utibeabasi Urua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Parental Consent ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Kano state has been a protracted reservoir of poliovirus in Nigeria. Immunity trends have been monitored through seroprevalence surveys since 2011. The survey in 2015 was, in addition, intended to assess the impact of use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). Methods It was a health facility based seroprevalence survey. Eligible children aged 6-9, 12-15 and 19-22 months of age brought to the paediatrics outpatient department of Murtala Mohammad Specialist Hospital between 19 October and 6 November 2015, were screened for eligibility. Eligible children were enrolled after parental consent, history taken, physical examination conducted, and a blood sample collected to test for neutralizing antibody titres against the three poliovirus serotypes. Results Overall, 365 results were available in the three age groups. In the 6-9-month-old age group, the seroprevalence was 73% (95% confidence interval [CI] 64-80%), 83% (95% CI 75-88%), and 66% (95% CI 57-73%) for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In the 12-15- and 19-22-month-old age groups, seroprevalence was higher but still remained <90% across serotypes. Seroprevalence to serotypes 1 and 3 in 2015 was similar to 2014; however, for serotype 2 there was a significant improvement. IPV received in supplemental immunization activities was found to be a significant predictor of seropositivity among 6-9-month-old infants for serotypes 1 and 2. Conclusions Seroprevalence for serotypes 1 and 3 remains low (<80%) in 6-9-month-olds. This poses a significant risk for poliovirus spread if reintroduced into the population. Efforts to strengthen immunization coverage are imperative to secure and sustain high population immunity.

scholarly journals Contestation of Perspectives Toward Suicide in The Film Monsieur Lazhar (2011) by Philippe Falardeau

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tesya Imanisa Setiadi ◽  
Wening Udasmoro ◽  
Hayatul Cholsy
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Keywords Suicide

Abstract. Suicide is one of the causes of death that occurs in a global scope but always causes divisive perspectives in various circles of society. For most people, suicide is a taboo topic, but not for other groups. The film Monsieur Lazhar (2011) is a film that shows the different perspectives between different age groups, namely the adult age group and the young age group, on a suicide that occurred at an elementary school in Montreal, Canada. This study aims at determining the different perspectives of the two different parties on suicide and the reasons for these differences in views. Pierre Bourdieu’s Champ de Force theory is the lens used in this research. The difference in perspective is influenced by the disposition system which Bourdieu calls the habitus. Habitus operates in a realm (champ). In the film, the domain in question is school. Meanwhile, Durkheim’s theory of suicide was chosen to determine the relationship of social problems to suicide. The method used in this research is content analysis. The data used are the chronological text of the scenes and the transcript of the conversations from the film. From the research, it was found that the school, which is the adult age group, has a counter and stigmatic view of suicide, reinforced by perceptions of psychological problems and social taboos. Meanwhile, students, who are in the young age group, tend to view suicide as a problem related to personal aspects and personal experiences so that they do not have a judgmental attitude like the school. Keywords : Suicide, Contestation, Realm, Perspective, Habitus

scholarly journals The Comparison of Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking Treatment for Progressive Keratoconus in the Pediatric and Adult Age Groups: One-Year Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Berhuni ◽  
Cem Ozturkmen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the short-term results of accelerated crosslinking (A-CXL) treatment for progressive keratoconus in the pediatric and adult age groups. Materials and methods: The records of the 62 eyes of 40 patients who had undergone the A-CXL procedure (9 mV/cm2, 10 min) for progressive keratoconus between January 2015 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups as the pediatric group (aged 17 years or less) and the adult group (aged 18 years or more) for statistical analysis. Pre- and post- 12th month A-CXL best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), maximum keratometry (Kmax), sim K1, sim K2, corneal thickness at the thinnest point (thCT), and corneal astigmatism (CA) values of the patient groups were recorded. Results: The 29 eyes of 16 patients were included in the pediatric group and the 33 eyes of 24 patients were included in the adult group. The mean age was 13.50±3.05 years in the pediatric group and 23.58±4.37 years in the adult group. A significant improvement in BCVA and a significant decrease in thCT values were present in both groups 12 months after the surgery compared to the preoperative period. A decrease was present in the Kmax, sim K1, sim K2 and CA values in the pediatric group, but was not statistically significant. The decrease in Kmax, sim K1 and sim K2 values compared to the preoperative period was significant in the adult group, but the decrease in CA values was not significant. When the two groups were compared at the end of 12 months, only the sim K1 value was significantly lower in the adult group, and there was no significant difference between the other measurements. Conclusions: Better visual acuity improvement, a higher flattening rate, and less progression occur after 12 months with A-CXL treatment for progressive keratoconus in the adult age group compared to the pediatric age group.

scholarly journals A prospective study of intestinal obstruction in paediatric age group

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Amul Bhedi ◽  
Miten Prajapati ◽  
Arnab Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Intestinal obstruction can occur at any age in the paediatric population1-4. Bowel obstruction in children differs from that in adults in terms of etiology, presentation and even the management. The aim of the study was to find out various etiologies, clinical features, outcome and mortality of paediatric age groups with intestinal obstruction and their relation to age and sex distribution.Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of paediatric age group with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction which were admitted in Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad Hospital, Vadodara, India during period of December 2004 to November 2006. Surgical intervention was carried out where indicated otherwise patients were managed conservatively. Data was analysed in SPSS version 10 statistical software for percentage and frequencies.Results: Total 50 patients were included in the study. Among these 30 were males and 20 were females with M: F ratio of 3:2. Majority of them were 25 neonates of age group of 1-7 days (50%), followed by 7 infants of 1 months- 1 years (14%) and 18 children aged 1 years-12 years (36%).  Out of 50 patients, 41 (82%) patients had congenital causes in which 21(42%) patients had imperforate anus followed by Hirschprung’s disease in 8(16%), Meckel’s diverticulum in 6(12%), jejunal atresia in 4(8%), hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in 2 patients (4%) and 9(18%) patients had acquired causes in which intussusception was in 5(10%) patients, abdominal tuberculosis in 2(4%) and gangrenous appendix in 2(4%) patients. Total mortality was 6 out of 25 neonates and there were no mortality in infants and children groups.Conclusions: Majority of patients were neonates than infants and children with slight male preponderance with male: female ratio of 3:2. Congenital causes of intestinal obstruction were more common (82%) than the acquired causes (18%). Postoperative septicaemia was more common and overall mortality was exclusively in neonates.

scholarly journals Poliovirus immunity among adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional serosurvey

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian H. Alfonso ◽  
Arie Voorman ◽  
Nicole A. Hoff ◽  
William C. Weldon ◽  
Sue Gerber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wild Poliovirus ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Eradicate Polio

Abstract Background Vaccination efforts to eradicate polio currently focus on children under 5 years of age, among whom most cases of poliomyelitis still occur. However, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), an outbreak of wild poliovirus type 1 occurred in 2010–2011 in which 16% of cases occurred among adults; in a related outbreak in the neighboring Republic of Congo, 75% of cases occurred among the same adult age-group. Given that infected adults may transmit poliovirus, this study was designed to assess adult immunity against polioviruses. Methods We assessed poliovirus seroprevalence using dried blood spots from 5,526 adults aged 15–59 years from the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey in the DRC. Results Among adults in the DRC, 74%, 72%, and 57% were seropositive for neutralizing antibodies for poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. For all three serotypes, seroprevalence tended to be higher among older age groups, those living in households with more children, and among women. Conclusions Protection against poliovirus is generally low among adults in the DRC, particularly for type 3 poliovirus. The lack of acquired immunity in adults suggests a potentially limited poliovirus circulation over the lifetime of those surveyed (spanning 1954 through 2014) and transmission of vaccine-derived poliovirus in this age group while underscoring the risk of these outbreaks among adults in the DRC.

scholarly journals Age-Specific Crisis Awareness Survey for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): How Much Do You Think You Should Pay for Hypothetical Prophylactic Vaccine and Therapeutic Drug for COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kawahara ◽  
Masahiro Yao ◽  
Hiroji Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

Abstract BACKGROUND: The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide phenomenon with 2,063,161 people infected and 136,938 deaths globally as of April 16, 2020. This study conducted a chronological survey of crisis awareness regarding COVID-19 within different age groups.METHODS: An internet-based survey was performed of healthy Japanese adults to investigate the value of a hypothetical prophylactic vaccine and therapeutic drug for COVID-19 in each age group. The survey was conducted on Friday of each week commencing from February 14, 2020 to April 10, 2020. At certain times or events such as when the government released major announcements or when there was a rapid increase in the number of infected individuals, a similar survey was conducted on an additional 1,200 individuals per week.RESULTS: A total of 12 surveys, including weekly surveys spanning over 9 weeks, were conducted, and a total of 19,113 samples from 12,254 individuals were obtained. The mean price for a hypothetical prophylactic vaccine was 2876.3 JPY (26.9 USD) at the first survey and was significantly increased to 3357.4 JPY (31.4 USD) for the most recent survey (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Though the percentage of those who will not pay were higher in young age group than in elderly age group, the percentage of those who will pay more than standard costs of influenza vaccine or treatment drugs were same between each aging group.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effects of Containment Policies and Vaccination on the Spread of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid S. Bokharaie
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Monotone Systems ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThis paper presents a method to predict the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 in a population with a known age-structure, and then, to quantify the effects of various containment policies, including those policies that affect each age-group differently. The model itself is a compartmental model in which each compartment is divided into a number of age-groups. The parameter of the model are estimated using an optimisation scheme and some known results from the theory of monotone systems such that the model output agrees with some collected data on the spread of SARS-CoV-2.To highlight the strengths of this framework, a few case studies are presented in which different populations are subjected to different containment strategies. They include cases in which the containment policies switch between scenarios with different levels of severity. Then a case study on herd immunity due to vaccination is presented. And then it is shown how we can use this framework to optimality distribute a limited number of vaccine units in a given population to maximise their impact and lower the total number of infectious individuals.MSC subclass92C60, 92C50

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Spinal Anaesthesia in Paediatric Age Group between 3 to 14 Years for Infraumblicus Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Shailendra Nath Gautam ◽  
S. Acharya ◽  
G.R. Bajracharya ◽  
S. Hyoju
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Paediatric Age

Spinal anaesthesia (SA) in paediatric patients was first introduced by August Bier in 1899. But this technique did not gain wide spread popularity in paediatric age group because of the introduction of various muscle relaxants and inhalational agents for general anaesthesia. SA in paediatric population has been gradually reintroduced as an alternate to general anaesthesia. The study was performed at the Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SA in paediatric age groups, compare the change in vital parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation during preoperative and intraoperative period, the complications of SA and time of demand for first rescue analgesia in postoperative ward. Sixty-seven patients aged between 3 years to 14 years of ASA I and ASA II were selected after screening for anaesthesia fitness. The duration of surgery ranged from 49.85 ± 11.55 to 56.30 ± 9.68 minutes and the blood loss was less than 10% of total blood volume, thus there was no need to transfuse during operation. The duration of analgesia ranged between 107.69 ± 7.25 to 115.00 ± 7.07 minutes in different age groups. Sixty patients (89.55%) achieved Bromage Scale Score (BSS) 3 with interpretation of complete block; seven patients (10.45 %) achieved Bromage Scale Score 2 (partial block) and were operated after supplemental intravenous sedation. None of the patients needed conversion to general anaesthesia. Successful CSF drain with placement of spinal needle in 1st attempt was achieved among 55 patients (82.1%) and in 2nd attempt among 12 patients (17.9%). No unsuccessful attempt was recorded. SA in children appears to be a relatively safe technique with few complications and may be considered as an alternative for general anaesthesia. It is cost effective in comparison to general anaesthesia as the drugs and equipment required are less and cheaper and the length of hospital stay is usually shorter.

STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN BAGI JEMAAT DEWASA DI GEREJA BEM TAMAN TUNKU MIRI, MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Paulus Labai
Keyword(s):  
Christian Education ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church

Abstract: Christian education learning serves as a guide to help Christian educators in training adults in the church so that the congregation will understand more about the image or concept of identity, role and responsibility as adults more clearly and steadily in everyday life and in their relationship with society. around. The problems that arise are: What is the definition of adult andragogy? What is the significance of Christian education for adults? What is the Christian education learning strategy for adult congregations in the BEM Taman Tunku Miri church, Malaysia? The answers to the problems are: (1) Christian education for adult congregations is an effort to educate or educate church members in all existing age groups, including the adult age group. (2) significant Christian education for adults is one form of the church's efforts in educating or educating its citizens by planning a learning program designed in such a way as to achieve the goals of Christian education for adults. (3) The Christian education learning strategy for adult congregations at the BEM Taman Tunku Miri church, Malaysia is to develop Christian education learning for adults who should understand and have skills with regard to design procedures so that Christian education programs for adults become more accommodating and effective.Abstrak: Pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen berfungsi sebagai pedoman untuk menolong pendidik Kristen dalam melatih orang-orang dewasa dalam gereja sehingga jemaat semakin memahami gambar atau konsep jati diri, peran dan tanggung jawabnya sebagai orang dewasa secara lebih jelas dan mantap dalam kehidupan sehari-hari serta dalam relasinya dengan masyarakat sekitar. Persoalan yang timbul adalah: Apakah pengertian andragogi orang dewasa? Apakah signifikan pendidikan Kristen bagi orang dewasa? Bagaimanakah strategi pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen bagi Jemaat dewasa di gereja BEM Taman Tunku Miri, Malaysia? Jawaban dari persoalan-persoalan adalah: (1) pendidikan Kristen kepada jemaat dewasa merupakan usaha mendidik atau membelajarkan warga gereja dalam segala kelompok usia yang ada, tidak terkecuali kelompok usia dewasa. (2) signifikan pendidikan Kristen bagi orang dewasa merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya gereja dalam mendidik atau membelajarkan warganya adalah dengan adanya perencanaan program pembelajaran yang didesain sedemikian rupa untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan Kristen bagi orang dewasa.  (3) Strategi pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen bagi Jemaat dewasa di gereja BEM Taman Tunku Miri, Malaysia adalah mengembangkan pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen bagi orang dewasa hendaknya memahami dan memiliki keterampilan berkenaan dengan prosedur desain sehingga demikian program pendidikan Kristen bagi orang dewasa menjadi lebih akomodatif dan efektif.

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