scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction assessment in healthy smokers

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Adriana TICARĂU ◽  
◽  
Dumitru MATEI ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Custom ◽  
Health Organization

Smoking is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory neoplasms and diseases, and will kill more than one billion people this century, according to the World Health Organization. Smoking induced endothelial dysfunction triggers a new alarm for this social custom, which in connection with metabolic syndrome, who has reached alarming rates of prevalence in recent years, contributes specifically to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study we aimed to evaluate more parameters of endothelial dysfunction in smokers patients, indicating a high statistical significance of the influence of smoking on arterial stiffness.

Sodium and potassium intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular prevention

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2431-2444
Author(s):  
Francesco P. Cappuccio
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Salt consumption is now much greater than needed for survival. High salt intake increases blood pressure in both animals and humans. Conversely, a reduction in salt intake causes a dose-dependent reduction in blood pressure in men and women of all ages and ethnic groups, and in patients already on medication. The risk of strokes and heart attacks rises with increasing blood pressure, but can be decreased by antihypertensive drugs. However, most cardiovascular disease events occur in individuals with ‘normal’ blood pressure levels. Non-pharmacological prevention is therefore the only option to reduce such events. Reduction in population salt intake reduces the number of vascular events. It is one of the most important public health measures to reduce the global cardiovascular burden. Salt reduction policies are powerful, rapid, equitable, and cost saving. The World Health Organization recommends reducing salt consumption below 5 g per day aiming at a global 30% reduction by 2025. A high potassium intake lowers blood pressure in people with and without hypertension. Its beneficial effects extend beyond blood pressure, and may include a reduction in the risk of stroke (independent of blood pressure changes). Potassium intake in the Western world is relatively low, and a lower potassium intake is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, especially stroke. A moderate increase in potassium intake, either as supplement or with diet, reduces blood pressure, and the World Health Organization has issued global recommendations for a target dietary potassium intake of at least 90 mmol/day (≥3510 mg/day) for adults.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Vesna Lazić ◽  
Biljana Mijović ◽  
Miloš Maksimović ◽  
Olivera Rašević ◽  
Maida Mulić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Risk Marker ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Health Organization

Cardiovascular diseases rank first on the mortality list globally or 31%. The basic measure of prevention in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization is a change in risk lifestyle in terms of diet, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption. Vitamin D was previously recognized as a regulator of calcium and phosphorus ratio, bone remodeling or the main controller of skeletal pathophysiology. However, vitamin D enjoys great interest in clinical and epidemiological research in terms of its possible impact on reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Among other things, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of endothelial dysfunction. Although the deficiency has been identified as a risk marker for cardiovascular diseases, the mechanism of action of vitamin D on the path from endothelial dysfunction to cardiovascular diseases has not been fully revealed. The findings in this segment of activity of vitamin D would be significant in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in suburban population of 3 municipalities in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Koju ◽  
R Gurung ◽  
P Pant ◽  
S Humagain ◽  
CM Yogol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Health Organization

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world including Nepal. The assessment of risk factors responsible for CVD can predict 10 year risk of CVD. World Health Organization (WHO) risk assessment chart, specially designed for South East Asia Sub-region D can predict the risk of CVD in Nepal. Method and Materials A total 532 study population from Panauti, Banepa and Dhulikhel were calculated their 10 year risk of CVD using WHO/ISH risk prediction chart on the basis of risk factors: age, gender, smoking status, diabetes, systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol. Result Ten year risk of developing cardiovascular disease is less than 10% among the population less than 50 years, irrespective of gender. 5% of male population had more than 10% chance of developing cardiovascular events in next ten years. One third of 60 – 69 years people had more than 10% chance of developing cardiovascular disease whereas it increased to 50% among 70 years and older group. Conclusion The assessment of risk factors is quite easy and cheap tool to predict the cardiovascular event, which support to practice the good clinical management to prevent the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v8i1.8328 Nepalese Heart Journal Vol.8(1) 2011 pp.3-7

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jogin H. Thakore
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Education Program ◽  
National Cholesterol Education Program ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Treatment Panel ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Metabolic syndrome – a cluster of disorders comprising obesity (central and abdominal), dyslipidaemias, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (or hyperinsulinaemia) and hypertension – is highly predictive of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In order to improve detection of this syndrome and estimate its prevalence, both the World Health Organization (Alberti & Zimmet, 1998) and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (National Cholesterol Education Program, 2001) have provided working criteria for its diagnosis (the World Health Organization criteria are reproduced in an appendix to this paper; copyright restrictions prevent the inclusion here of the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria). Using the latter criteria, Heiskanen et al (2003) found that the frequency of metabolic syndrome was 2–4 times higher in a group of people with schizophrenia, treated with both atypical and typical neuroleptics, than in an appropriate reference population.

scholarly journals Redefining the Scope of Ayurveda in Cardiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Jithesh Madhavan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
World Health ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have now become the leading cause of mortality or even morbidity in India. According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease causes 12 million deaths in the world each year. Even with all the advancements in medicine, the management of CVD’s are yet to be redefined. Ayurveda proposes a different understanding to etiopathogenesis of such conditions and subsequent healthcare, in the context of hrdroga. Latest researches in Ayurveda have given a new hope in CVDs, the curative as well as preventive aspects. With the emergence of increasing number of cardiac problems from the young age itself, it is the time to explore various options available in the alternative areas of medicine. Herbs and dietary supplements can have significant role in preventive cardiology as well as per published studies. Equivalent is the management of associative psychological contributors. In this article, research works of medicinal plants useful in cardiology are described with special emphasis on rasona, arjuna, guggulu, amalaki and gokshura. This work emphasises the scope of such practice so as to popularize the options available in Ayurvedic literature.

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