scholarly journals FORMS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE OPTATIVE MOOD IN THE TEXTS OF TATAR-LANGUAGE ARABIC SCRIPT PERIODICAL PRESS OF THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Бахтияр Кимович Миннуллин
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
National Language ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Linguistic Description ◽  
Arabic Script

Настоящая статья является попыткой научного исследования вопросов функционирования элементов грамматической системы старотатарского письменного литературного языка начала ХХ века. В работе выявлены и проанализированы грамматические формы, участвующие в реализации желательного наклонения глаголов, функционирующих в текстах органов татароязычной арабографической периодической печати межреволюционного периода 1905-1917 гг.Научное изучение текстов периодической печати рассматриваемого периода является актуальным, так как именно в текстах газет и журналов, наряду с текстами художественных произведений, происходило развитие старотатарского письменного литературного языка и его дальнейшее преобразование в национальный язык татарского народа.В качестве фактического материала были использованы морфологические показатели, зафиксированные в текстах газет «Борхане таракки» и «Кояш». В ходе исследования текстов газет нами был применены методы лингвистического описания, генетического отождествления установленных фактов, а также методы сравнительно-исторического и сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа.В результате исследования мы обнаружили, что в изученных текстах для реализации желательного наклонения употребляется ряд синтетических и аналитических форм. Наиболее употребительной является синтетическая форма на -aj, -yj. В текстах газеты «Борхане таракки», в отличие от текстов газеты «Кояш», реализация первого лица множественного числа желательного наклонения происходит посредством традиционной общетюркской грамматической формы на -lym/-lem. This article examines the functioning of the grammatical system of the Old Tatar written literary language of the beginning of the 20th century. The article identifies and analyzes the grammatical forms involved in the implementation of the Optative Mood of the verbs that function in the texts of the Tatar-language Arabic script periodical press of 1905-1917.The scientific study of the texts of the periodical press is relevant. In the texts of newspapers and magazines, along with the literary texts, there was a development of the Old Tatar written literary language and its transformation into the national language of the Tatars.Morphological indicators recorded in the texts of the newspapers “Borkhane Tarakki” and “Koyash” were used as factual material. During the scientific development, the author applied the methods of linguistic description, genetic identification of facts, the methods of comparative and comparative historical analysis.As a result of the research, the author has identified that a number of synthetic and analytical forms of the Optative Mood are used in the studied texts. The most common is the synthetic -aj, -yj form. In the texts of the “Borkhane Tarakki”, in contrast to the texts of the “Koyash”, the traditional general- Turkic grammatical -lym/-lem form is used.

What psycholinguistic studies ignore about literary experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-103
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Gibbs ◽  
Herbert L. Colston
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Embodied Simulation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Literary Experiences ◽  
Literary Experience

Abstract Multiple decades of psycholinguistic research exploring people’s reading of different types of language has delivered much improved understanding of textual comprehension experience. Psycholinguistic studies have typically focused on a few cognitive and linguistic processes presumed to be central in reading comprehension of language, but this emphasis has omitted other processes and products readers commonly experience in their imaginative, aesthetic encounters with literature. Our paper describes some of the limitations of psycholinguistics for explaining people’s literary experiences. Nonetheless, we argue that recent research on embodied simulation processes may help close the gap between psycholinguistics, with its emphasis on generic processes of non-literary language use, and studies associated with the scientific study of literature with their focus on phenomenological, lived reactions to literary texts.

The Allographic Use of Hebrew and Arabic in the Samaritan Manuscript Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Stefan Schorch
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Manuscript Culture ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Cursive Scripts

Abstract In the 10th/11th century, Arabic became both the vernacular and literary language of the Samaritan community, along with the two languages of the liturgy: Samaritan Hebrew and Samaritan Aramaic; Samaritan Neo Hebrew was also employed at this time mainly for the composition of religious poems. Together with the introduction of the Arabic language, the Samaritans started to use the Arabic script, along with the Samaritan Hebrew formal and cursive scripts. In comparison with the use of the Arabic script, the Samaritan Hebrew script served mostly for more sacred texts or was employed in order to mark certain textual passages with a higher degree of sacredness. Allography of Arabic in Samaritan Hebrew letters is attested in Samaritan manuscripts since the beginning of the 13th century, although it was introduced most probably at an earlier date. This allography is employed mainly for the Arabic translation of the Samaritan Torah, for the Arabic translations of prayers, and for Samaritan Hebrew or Samaritan Aramaic quotes in Arabic texts. The replacement of Arabic by Modern Israeli Hebrew as the primary vernacular among the Samaritans living in the State of Israel led to a revival of Samaritan Hebrew allography for Arabic texts in the 20th century, mainly in festival poems in Arabic language, which are performed at certain occasions, although not all congregants are still familiar with the Arabic language and script. A close analysis demonstrates that Samaritan Hebrew allography of Arabic is the result of an intense contact between two scribal cultures, both of which were well established amongst the Samaritans. The allographic use of the Samaritan Hebrew script for writing Arabic texts originally did not aim to make these texts more accessible to Samaritan readers, but rather was employed to mark Arabic texts as belonging to the realm of the sacred.

Katherine Mansfield and Translation

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Katherine Mansfield ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Critical Interest

Our understanding of Anglophone modernism has been transformed by recent critical interest in translation. The central place of translation in the circulation of aesthetic and political ideas in the early twentieth century has been underlined, for example, as well as translation’s place in the creative and poetic dynamics of key modernist texts. This volume of Katherine Mansfield Studies offers a timely assessment of Mansfield’s place in such exchanges. As a reviewer, she developed a specific interest in literatures in translation, as well as showing a keen awareness of the translator’s presence in the text. Throughout her life, Mansfield engaged with new literary texts through translation, either translating proficiently herself, or working alongside a co-translator to explore the semantic and stylistic challenges of partially known languages. The metaphorical resonances of translating, transition and marginality also remain key features of her writing throughout her life. Meanwhile, her enduring popularity abroad is ensured by translations of her works, all of which reveal sociological and even ideological agendas of their own, an inevitable reflection of individual translators’ readings of her works, and the literary traditions of the new country and language of reception. The contributions to this volume refine and extend our appreciation of her specifically trans-linguistic and trans-literary lives. They illuminate the specific and more general influences of translation on Mansfield’s evolving technique and, jointly, they reveal the importance of translation on her literary language, as well as for her own particular brand of modernism.

Main Forms of Propagandistic Activities of the Right-Wing Parties (1904–1914)

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 656-676
Author(s):  
Igor V. Omeliyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the main forms and methods of agitation and propagandistic activities of monarchic parties in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Among them the author singles out such ones as periodical press, publication of books, brochures and flyers, organization of manifestations, religious processions, public prayers and funeral services, sending deputations to the monarch, organization of public lectures and readings for the people, as well as various philanthropic events. Using various forms of propagandistic activities the monarchists aspired to embrace all social groups and classes of the population in order to organize all-class and all-estate political movement in support of the autocracy. While they gained certain success in promoting their ideology, the Rights, nevertheless, lost to their adversaries from the radical opposition camp, as the monarchists constrained by their conservative ideology, could not promise immediate social and political changes to the population, and that fact was excessively used by their opponents. Moreover, the ideological paradigm of the Right camp expressed in the “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality” formula no longer agreed with the social and economic realities of Russia due to modernization processes that were underway in the country from the middle of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Abay and modern Kazakh art texts

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
A Adilova ◽  
◽  
B.S. Kaukerbekova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
National Language ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Verbal Art ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Literary Process

The article considers the place of Abay's poems in modern Kazakh artistic texts. Each author conveys his worldview and worldview in different situations through an artistic text. His lexicon includes, along with various means of the national language, fragments of various texts known to varying degrees in a certain linguistic and cultural community, as well as the word use of poets and writers who lived and worked before him. Such fragments may be used without change or А.С. Əділова, Б.С. Каукербекова 12 Вестник Карагандинского университета with a transformation. In the Kazakh linguistic and cultural community, Abay's poems can be called strong literary texts with a high frequency of use. Quotation at the level of structure, word, phrase, sentence, whole text can be seen in poetic and prose texts of the last 60–70 years in the Kazakh literary process. In this regard, the texts of such writers as M. Makataev, M. Magauin, J. Abdrashev, G. Zhailybai, G. Sаlykbai, M. Raiymbek, J. Sarsek are immediately recalled. Pointing out that this trend continues by young poets engaged in creativity in the last decades of this, XXI century, the authors concludes that the legacy of Abay is a standard of verbal art for more generations of poets and writers.

scholarly journals Pedagogical Stylistics as a Tool in the Classroom: An Investigation of EFL Undergraduate Students' Ability in Analyzing Poetic Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Eman Adil Jaafar ◽  
Fatimah Khudair Hassoon
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Literary Awareness ◽  
Academic Year

This research paper draws on applying the tools of pedagogical stylistics in teaching literature in particular poetry to English as a foreign language (EFL) undergraduate Iraqi students. The language of literature is rich with social context, exquisite deviant forms, and vocabulary. This paper aims at examining to what extent pedagogical stylistics can be helpful in increasing students' literary awareness. In addition, to examine how it can help them to interpret and analyze selected poems that have been chosen for them to achieve this goal. For the purpose of gathering the required data a pre-test and a post-test are conducted. Verdonk's (2013) approach is adopted in teaching stylistic tools to the students. The participants were (40) second-year students of the academic year 2018-2017 from University of Baghdad, Iraq. Moreover, a questionnaire is distributed to know students' opinions about studying stylistics. The final results proved that (1-) pedagogical stylistics tools are of great significance to pay heed to the language of poetry or literary language in general, (2-)the questionnaire shows that most agreed on studying stylistics in the classroom. Thus, this study highly recommends that teachers of literary subjects should focus on stylistic tools in teaching literary texts.

scholarly journals Ryszard Jaxa Małachowski – architekt, który stworzył Limę na nowo

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-74
Author(s):  
Jedrzej Kotarski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Development

The article presents the figure of an outstanding Polish architect, the last of the group of political emigrants who came to Peru at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This figure, despite his merits, is poorly known in Poland, but highly appreciatedin Peru. The documenta-tion and photos found and collected by the author of the article show the profile of R. Jaxa Małachowski from a much broader perspective, not only from the perspective of his profes-sional achievements in the reconstruction of the capital of Peru at the beginning of the second decade of the 20th century, but also his contribution to scientific development of the whole country. This text is subordinated to the thesis that Malachowski’s contribution to shaping the modern capital of Peru is much greater than we previously thought

scholarly journals The potentialities of corpus-based techniques for analyzing literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Khalid Shakir Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
As I Lay Dying ◽  
Analytical Potential ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The Way

This paper presents an attempt to explore the analytical potential of five corpus-based techniques: concordances, frequency lists, keyword lists, collocate lists, and dispersion plots. The basic question addressed is related to the contribution that these techniques make to gain more objective and insightful knowledge of the way literary meanings are encoded and of the way the literary language is organized. Three sizable English novels (Joyc's Ulysses, Woolf's The Waves, and Faulkner's As I Lay Dying) are laid to corpus linguistic analysis. It is only by virtue of corpus-based techniques that huge amounts of literary data are analyzable. Otherwise, the data will keep on to be not more than several lines of poetry or short excerpts of narrative. The corpus-based techniques presented throughout this paper contribute more or less to a sort of rigorous interpretation of literary texts far from the intuitive approaches usually utilized in traditional stylistics.

scholarly journals Heterographics as a Literary Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-216
Author(s):  
Helena Bodin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
French And English ◽  
Literary Device ◽  
Cultural Affinity

Abstract Heterographics (“other lettering”) refers to the use of two scripts in one text or a translation of a text from one script to another. How might the occasional use of heterographics in literary texts highlight issues of cultural diversity? Drawing on intermedial theory and studies of literary multilingualism, literary translation, and pluriliteracies, this article examines various functions of heterographics in selected contemporary literary texts. Examples of embedded Greek, Chinese, Cyrillic, and Arabic script are analysed in works published in Swedish, French, and English between 2004 and 2015, selected because they thematise cultural diversity and linguistic boundaries. The conclusion is that heterographic devices emphasise the heteromediality of literary texts, thereby heightening readers’ awareness of the visual-spatial features of literary texts, as well as of the materiality of scripts. Heterographics influence readers’ experiences of cultural affinity or alterity, that is, of inclusion or exclusion, depending on their access to practices of pluriliteracies.

Huroufiyah

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Shabout
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Artistic Identity ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Islamic Civilization

The perception of the Arabic letter in art has gone through many changes from the Islamic civilization to the modern age. Following the political and socio-cultural changes of the 19th and 20th century, the Arabic script lost its sacredness. After decades of limited existence in traditional craft, the Arabic letter reappeared in modern Arab art around the middle of the 20th century on nationalistic bases. The Arabic language had acquired a high value during the age of colonialism as a symbol of national identity, a unifier; this value only grew stronger with time. The letter was also a signifier that aided twentieth-century Arab artists in their artistic identity crisis. A number of art groups—such as the Baghdad Group of Modern Art, formed in 1951—were established with their focus on a search for a local or national art style through ‘istilham al-turath,’ seeking inspiration from tradition. The Arabic letter became the means for connecting artists’ present with their past and allowing for the invention of tradition. Huroufiyah (Arabic for Letterism), a highly contested term initiated by a newspaper journalist, became a term popularly used to signify all experiments with the Arabic letter in the modern Arab art. Nevertheless, the term is surrounded by controversy in the contemporary Arab world and rejected by a number of scholars and artists. The term al-Madrassa al-Khattiya Fil-Fann (Calligraphic School of Art), has been alternatively proposed, expressing specifically a perceived continuation with Islamic calligraphy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document