Guest Editorial: The Case for Postcolonial Theology

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
Duncan Dormor
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Systematic Theology ◽  
The West ◽  
Global Theology

This article provides an extended introduction to postcolonial theology. It makes the case for regarding postcolonial theology as a genuinely global theology and challenges the dominance of the traditional systematic theology of the West arguing that it should be set in its cultural context.

The Impact of Culture on Reactions to Promise Breaches: Differences Between East and West in Behavioral Integrity Perceptions

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Friedman ◽  
Ying-Yi Hong ◽  
Tony Simons ◽  
Shu-Cheng (Steve) Chi ◽  
Se-Hyung (David) Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
The West ◽  
Behavioral Integrity ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
East And West ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Behavioral integrity (BI)—a perception that a person acts in ways that are consistent with their words—has been shown to have an impact on many areas of work life. However, there have been few studies of BI in Eastern cultural contexts. Differences in communication style and the nature of hierarchical relationships suggest that spoken commitments are interpreted differently in the East and the West. We performed three scenario-based experiments that look at response to word–deed inconsistency in different cultures. The experiments show that Indians, Koreans, and Taiwanese do not as readily revise BI downward following a broken promise as do Americans (Study 1), that the U.S.–Indian difference is especially pronounced when the speaker is a boss rather than a subordinate (Study 2), and that people exposed to both cultures adjust perceptions of BI based on the cultural context of where the speaking occurs (Study 3).

Research on the Urban Ecological Landscape Based on the Theory of Chinese Garden City

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1236-1239
Author(s):  
Dong Chu
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Garden City ◽  
City Development ◽  
The West ◽  
Ecological Concept ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Testing Field ◽  
Ecological Landscape ◽  
The City

China has been westernized in the process of the urbanization. Because of the rapid removal and reconstruction, many strange buildings are being built and our cities are becoming the testing field, which bring a permanent scar for the context of the city. Western forms are introduced and buildings are copying blindly. The westernized Chinese landscape has no cultural foundation as it is in the west. Chinese Garden City is a kind of Chinese ecological concept expression. It is not an attempt to searching for a universal design mode or a superficial copy of nature. This is a profound consideration about the urbanization of China. It is not a reflection of the traditional style, but an inevitable result of the city development. The concept of the Chinese Garden City establishes a new humanistic platform conforming to the Chinese cultural context and promotes design to return to the roots of the national culture.

scholarly journals The Applications of Intention (Qaedat al- Umu:r bi Maqasidaha) in Saudi Law: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Majed Al-Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
The West ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Western Law

The current study aims to tackle the theoretical understanding of intention as between Sharia and law. It addresses the similarities and differences in the analysis of interpretation of intention across sharia law and law. The paper contrasts between the two ways of dealing with the concept of intention that is both technical and intuitive, across law and religion. Starting from the hypothesis that the concept of intention in sharia law originated in classical contextual realities different from the contemporary realities of Saudi Arabia and become outdated, the study attempts to answer the following questions: How can the concept of intention be adapted to the new socio-economic realities of Saudi Arabia with its new vision toward the world? How can the concept of intentionality adopt by sharia benefits from the analysis of law theory relating to intention? In order to answer the questions of the study, the study adopts the comparative law methodology through which concept of intention is comparatively examined in both sharia and law. The research investigates the historical and cultural context that gives rise to the concept of intentionality in both sharia law and law, as it helps reflect on aspects of similarity and differences and how gap between the sharia law and law can be bridged. The collected data is obtained through comparing sharia law in Saudi Arabia to the law applied in the West. The study has reached a conclusion that the sound methodological application of the concept of intention in sharia law requires the integration of elements and concepts from the Western law concept of intention.

scholarly journals MEDIA, STEREOTYPES AND MUSLIM REPRESENTATION: WORLD AFTER JYLLANDS-POSTEN MUHAMMAD CARTOONS CONTROVERSY

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Rūta Sutkutė
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
World View ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Online Media ◽  
The West ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
The Media

In the 21st century media has become the dominant source of knowledge of Islam and Muslims and selectively decides what the West should know about Islam and what should be hidden. However, the underlying assumption is that, the media as an institution forming stereotypes depends on the local socio-cultural context. The goal of this paper – to find out how media (as the mediator) forms values, world view of a society, creates stereotypes in different cultural environments through analysis of Muhammad cartoons. The objectives are: to define the concepts of Neo-Orientalism, Muslimophobia and Islamophobia; to find out the connection between media representations and negative images of Islam and Muslims in the society; to reveal the main stereotypes of Muslims and Islam in online media in 4 different countries by analysing the case of Muhammad cartoons. The conducted qualitative and quantitative content analysis confirmed the hypothesis that in the specific cultures the same event is presented in different ways while forming value based orientation for a specific audience. Western media seeks to portray Muslims as terrorists / Islamists that are against West, their values and any possibility of integration in Western societies. Meanwhile, Lebanon and India (Kashmir) media does not portray orientalism and Islamophobic views, because audiences are dominated by Muslims. However there are noticeable manifestations of Occidentalism - resistance to the West and the Islamophobic portrayal of public in media. Moreover, information serves as a public mobilization function, so there are reasons to believe that violent protests in Kashmir and Lebanon could have been encouraged by the media.

Religious fundamentalism in Iran: Religious and psychological adjustment within a Muslim cultural context

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Ghorbani ◽  
Zhuo Job Chen ◽  
Fatemeh Rabiee ◽  
PJ Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Muslim Religiosity ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

This first analysis of the Religious Fundamentalism Scale in Iran further examined findings that conservative religious commitments have positive adjustment implications outside the West. Religious Fundamentalism in a sample of 385 Iranian university students displayed direct relationships with Muslim religiosity and spirituality and correlated positively with the Transcendence and negatively with the Symbolism Post-Critical Beliefs (PCB) factors. Religious Fundamentalism, and conservative religiosity more generally, predicted better mental health in relationship with variables related to self-regulation, narcissism, and splitting. PCB factors defined a fundamentalist attitude of Literal Affirmation that also displayed some linkages with more adaptive psychological functioning. Iranians who self-identified as “both religious and spiritual” were more conservative religiously and more adjusted psychologically than three other religious-spiritual types. Conservative religiosity did predict the maladjustment of Exploitable Dependency. These data further suggested that conservative religiosity can have largely, though not wholly, positive mental health implications outside the West.

scholarly journals Curatorial Practices for Intersectional Programming

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Hagan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Film Festivals ◽  
The West ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concert Dance ◽  
Museum Culture

Screendance finds its roots in the traditions of concert dance, museum culture, and film festivals. Film festivals - from which we borrow the structure for programming screendance - boast a history of discrimination towards bodies of color, varied gender expressions, bodies of different abilities, and more. Through an exploration of the history and socio-cultural context of film festivals in the west and dialogue with curators and directors from a handful of screendance festivals across the United States, this piece will present a set of curatorial challenges particular to our field, the creative solutions being explored by presenters and champions of screendance, and a consideration of where the field falls short, so we can better mitigate issues of underrepresentation of marginalized groups in screendance spaces.

Elicitation of salient brand emotions in Western and East Asian markets: The role of elicitation context

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Jakubanecs ◽  
Magne Supphellen ◽  
Alexander Fedorikhin ◽  
Hege Mathea Haugen ◽  
Njål Sivertstøl
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Brand Associations ◽  
The West ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Asian Consumers

The objective of this article is to show the effects of the use of Free Association Technique on the elicitation of brand emotions and functional associations across a Western and an East Asian culture as well as to identify and test underlying mechanisms. The use of Western techniques for eliciting brand emotions may prove challenging for marketers in East Asian markets because of the different styles of thinking and feeling of consumers in the West versus East Asia. This investigation focuses on the role of visual context (individual vs social), in which brands are presented when eliciting brand associations in the West and in East Asia. The study shows that elicitation context significantly influences the type of brand emotions and functional associations across two distinct cultures: Norway and Thailand. Consumers’ self-construal and thinking style mediate the effects of culture, as interdependent self-construal and holistic thinking explain more context-dependent brand emotions generated by Thai than Norwegian consumers. This research has important implications for studying and managing brand associations and emotions across markets. The traditional view of brands as possessing abstract, stable associations, and emotions should be reconsidered in the East Asian cultural context. Marketing managers should adapt established Western elicitation techniques to the characteristics of East Asian consumers to increase their validity.

Suicidal Behavior as Communication in a Cultural Context

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Hjelmeland ◽  
Birthe Loa Knizek ◽  
Eugene Kinyanda ◽  
Seggane Musisi ◽  
Hilmar Nordvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
The West ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
The World ◽  
African Context ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Point Of Departure

In this study, we attempt to even out some of the imbalance in suicide research caused by the fact that most such research has been conducted in the Western part of the world with the corresponding common disregard of the potential problems in generalizing findings to different cultural settings. Our point of departure was to look at suicidal behavior as communication and our main purpose was to investigate whether Qvortrup’s semiotic four-factor model, which has been empirically supported in the West, would be applicable in an African context, exemplified by Uganda. Interviews of patients admitted to hospital following an act of nonfatal suicidal behavior were conducted in Uganda and Norway and the data were compared. The results showed that the four-factor structure found in the West was not applicable in the Ugandan context, but that two by two of these factors were collapsed into a two-factor model in Uganda: One factor regarding the external dialog and one factor regarding the internal dialog. Some differences and some similarities were found between Norway and Uganda when suicidal behavior was considered as a communicative act. The results are discussed in terms of the differences in the psychological characteristics of the suicidal persons in the two countries, as well as the different cultural settings of the study.

Afterword

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Mei Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
The West ◽  
Institutional Interplay ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
State And Market

This chapter reviews the collective exploration into the entanglements of science and technology, the state, the market, and everyday life in contemporary China. The chapter presents a compelling argument for why it is critical, at this particular moment, for anthropologists to step in and make their accounts and analyses of science in/of/and China relevant to academic and public discussions and debates. It emphasizes that China is not a place outside of the West where “usual science” proliferates and changes its forms in a non-Western national or cultural context. Rather, the translocal sociohistorical formation and the complex conceptual and institutional interplay of state, market, and technoscience shaping and shaped by post-Mao, post-socialist, and now Xi's authoritarian China demand thoughtful and experimental ethnographic engagement on the ground. The chapter also invokes governmentality as an analytical point of entry into the enmeshments of science, state, and market and as a way to forge a conversation with topics central to science and technology studies (STS) literatures.

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