scholarly journals Performance characteristics of the open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlina Cihackova ◽  
Petr Hyzl ◽  
Dusan Stehlik ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Ovidijus Šernas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Cement Grout ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Stiffness Measurement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Laboratory Design

This paper presents a performance of the open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout in the road structures, introduces practical examples of the usage of this technology and defines the main properties. In addition, laboratory design of asphalt mixtures filled with special grout is researched. Finally, the results obtained from various laboratory tests are evaluated. The paper contains the open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout mix design procedure and results of stiffness measurement, low temperature properties, permanent deformation and skid resistance. Open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout mixture is compared to the commonly used asphalt mixes. The open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout showed better results than the commonly used asphalt mixes by the stiffness and resistance to the permanent deformation characteristics but behavior at the low temperatures is slightly problematic.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of WMA Containing Re-Refined Acidic Sludge and Amorphous Poly Alpha Olefin (APAO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3315
Author(s):  
Mansour Fakhri ◽  
Danial Arzjani ◽  
Pooyan Ayar ◽  
Maede Mottaghi ◽  
Nima Arzjani
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Road ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Alpha Olefin

The use of waste materials has been increasingly conceived as a sustainable alternative to conventional materials in the road construction industry, as concerns have arisen from the uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources in recent years. Re-refined acidic sludge (RAS) obtained from a waste material—acidic sludge—is an alternative source for bitumen. This study’s primary purpose is to evaluate the resistance of warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures containing RAS and a polymeric additive against moisture damage and rutting. The modified bitumen studied in this research is a mixture of virgin bitumen 60/70, RAS (10, 20, and 30%), and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) polymer. To this end, Marshall test, moisture susceptibility tests (i.e., tensile strength ratio (TSR), residual Marshall, and Texas boiling water), resilient modulus, and rutting assessment tests (i.e., dynamic creep, Marshall quotient, and Kim) were carried out. The results showed superior values for modified mixtures compared to the control mix considering the Marshall test. Moreover, the probability of a reduction in mixes’ moisture damage was proved by moisture sensitivity tests. The results showed that modified mixtures could improve asphalt mixtures’ permanent deformation resistance and its resilience modulus. Asphalt mixtures containing 20% RAS (substitute for bitumen) showed a better performance in all the experiments among the samples tested.

Mitigation of permanent deformation in base layer containing recycled asphalt aggregates

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pascal Bilodeau ◽  
Guy Doré ◽  
Jonas Depatie
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Thickness Increase ◽  
Permanent Strain ◽  
Pavement Base

The use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates as replacement for new materials in the pavement base weakens the layer in regards to the resistance to permanent deformation under repeated loading. A mechanistic based design procedure is proposed to ensure that base layers containing RAP particles have a similar rutting behaviour to base layers made of virgin aggregates. The design procedure allows calculating an asphalt concrete thickness increase that is based on permanent deformation behaviour of base materials. The calculation approach is based on multistage triaxial permanent deformation tests performed on granular material samples with varied RAP content. The tests allowed proposing an equation that relates permanent strain rate, RAP content, and deviatoric stress, which is the basis of the design procedure. Design charts are proposed to select adequate thickness increase for the asphalt concrete layer according to the expected RAP content in the base layer and asphalt concrete modulus.

scholarly journals Deformation Parameters and Fatigue of the Recycled Asphalt Mixtures

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Juraj Šrámek
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Deformation Complex

Abstract The deformational properties of asphalt mixtures measured by dynamic methods and fatigue allow a design the road to suit the expected traffic load. Quality of mixtures is also expressed by the resistance to permanent deformation. Complex modulus of stiffness and fatigue can reliably characterize the proposed mixture of asphalt pavement. The complex modulus (E*) measurement of asphalt mixtures are carried out in laboratory of Department of Construction Management at University of Žilina by two-point bending test method on trapezoid-shaped samples. Today, the fatigue is verified on trapezoid-shaped samples and is assessed by proportional strain at 1 million cycles (ε6). The test equipment and software is used to evaluate fatigue and deformation characteristics.

scholarly journals Assessment of Skid Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures in Laboratory Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gardziejczyk ◽  
M. Wasilewska
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

AbstractThe aggregate applied for the wearing course has a significant influence on skid resistance of road surfaces. However, it is difficult to evaluate the behaviour of road surface in use on the basis of the Polished Stone Value (PSV) determined for the aggregate according to the so called ‘British method’. The British method, which is currently used in many countries, does not allow to determine the influence of neither the grain size of the aggregate nor the type of the wearing course on skid resistance of road surface. The present paper suggests a method for evaluation of the British Pendulum Number (BPN) for road surfaces in laboratory conditions. The authors assumed the BPN for polished slabs, made from asphalt mixtures, as the criterion. The index was measured with the British Pendulum Tester. The simulation of the process was conducted on research stand (called slab polisher) built at Bialystok University of Technology (BUT). The results of laboratory tests indicate that surfaces from asphalt concrete (AC) have slightly higher values of BPN in comparison with the values determined for surfaces made from stone mastic asphalt (SMA).

Strategic Highway Research Program gyratory compaction for predicting air voids of Saskatchewan SPS-9A asphalt mixes after 10 years of performance in the field

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 897-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Salifu ◽  
Curtis Berthelot ◽  
Ania Anthony ◽  
Brent Marjerison
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Gyratory Compaction ◽  
Compaction Method

Many Saskatchewan provincial highways exhibit permanent deformation that is mostly attributed to reduction in air voids in hot mix asphalt concrete surfacing. The Saskatchewan Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure (MHI) currently use the Marshall compaction method for hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) design and placement quality control and quality assurance. It has been found that the Marshall compaction method does not accurately predict field air voids. Therefore, MHI identified the need to evaluate the SuperpaveTM gyratory compaction method to predict field air voids of typical Saskatchewan asphalt mixes. This paper presents a summary of laboratory and field volumetric as well as rapid triaxial mechanistic material properties of typical Saskatchewan asphalt mixes. This research considered seven asphalt mixes from the Radisson Specific Pavement Study (SPS)-9A test site comprising two conventional Saskatchewan Marshall Type 71 mixes, five SuperpaveTM mixes, and a SuperpaveTM recycled mix. This research determined that Marshall compaction and the gyratory compaction at 1.25° gyration angle underestimate the collapse of field air voids. This research also showed that the gyratory compaction method at 2.00° angle of gyration more accurately predicted field air voids of the asphalt mixes constructed as part of test site.

A Review of the Utilisation of Recycled Waste Material as an Alternative Modifier in Asphalt Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Abdalrhman Abrahim Milad ◽  
Ahmed Suliman B. Ali ◽  
Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
The Road

The possibility of using waste materials in road construction is of great interest as their utilisation may contribute to reducing the problems of hazard and pollution and conserve natural resources. Thus, there is an urgent need to find a sustainable method for using waste materials as a substitute in the standard asphalt binders. There are several concerns about the physical and chemical properties and mechanical performance of asphalt pavements incorporated with waste material in the effort to reduce permanent deformation of the road surface. This review article presents a brief discussion of the asphalt mixtures modified with waste material, and the recycled materials used as a modifier in the asphalt mixture. The present paper summarises the use of crumb rubber, crushed concrete, steel slag, glass fibre and plastic waste in asphalt mixtures. The use of waste materials as a modifier in asphalt mixture resulted in improved asphalt pavement performance. Results advocate that rubberised asphalt mixture with desired properties can be designed as an additive with a friendly environmental approach in construction materials. The researches that adopted the influence of usage, recycle waste material to improve the performance of the asphalt of the road are still limited compared to other construction fields. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-05 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rheological Behavior, Resistance to Permanent Deformation, and Resistance to Fatigue of Asphalt Mixtures Modified with Nanoclay and SBS Polymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2697
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ceccon Carlesso ◽  
Glicério Trichês ◽  
João Victor Staub de Melo ◽  
Matheus Felipe Marcon ◽  
Liseane Padilha Thives ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Fatigue cracking and rutting are among the main distresses identified in flexible pavements. To reduce these problems and other distresses, modified asphalt mixtures have been designed and studied. In this regard, this paper presents the results of a study on rheological behavior and resistance to permanent deformation and to fatigue of four different asphalt mixtures: (1) with conventional asphalt binder (CAP 50/70); (2) with binder modified by nanoclay (3% NC); (3) with binder modified by styrene–butadiene–styrene polymer (SBS 60/85); and (4) with binder modified by nanoclay and SBS (3% NC + 2% SBS). For this analysis, the mixtures were evaluated based on complex modulus, permanent deformation tests, and fatigue tests (4PB, in the four-point bending apparatus), with the subsequent application of numerical simulations. The results obtained show a better rheological behavior related to greater resistance to permanent deformation for the mixture 3% NC + 2% SBS, which could represent an alternative for roads where a high resistance to rutting is required. Otherwise, on fatigue tests, higher resistance was observed for the SBS 60/85 mixture, followed by the 3% NC + 2% SBS mixture. Nevertheless, based on the results of the numerical simulations and considering the possibility of cost reduction for the use of the 3% NC + 2% SBS mixture, it is concluded that this modified material has potential to provide improvements to the road sector around the world, especially in Brazil.

scholarly journals Usage of Reclaimed Asphalt Material in Stone Mastic Asphalt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Petr Hyzl ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Iva Coufalikova ◽  
Michal Varaus ◽  
Dusan Stehlik
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Laboratory Design ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

The paper focuses on the issue of using reclaimed asphalt (RA) in asphalt mixtures used for highly traffic-loaded asphalt pavements—in asphalt mixtures of the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) type. It is a skeleton-type mixture, where the traffic load is bore by a skeleton of coarse aggregates bonded with mastic (i.e., bitumen and fine aggregates). It is therefore essential to pay close attention to the properties of this coarse aggregate. Higher demands on properties of the aggregate are probably due to the fact that RA is not currently being used in SMA-type mixtures. Most standards do not allow usage of RA in this type of mixtures. Given that traffic load of road networks is constantly increasing, the ratio of SMA-type asphalt mixtures also increases in the road network. This paper presents results of 5-year research focused on the possibility of using RA in SMA-type asphalt mixtures. This included laboratory design of these mixtures with various dosages and types of RA. Their empirical and functional properties were verified. Based on the positive results of the laboratory testing, a test section was subsequently constructed using several variants of the mixtures containing up to 50% of RA. This test section is regularly being monitored, and despite very intense traffic load, there are no failures apparent after 2 and half years of operation. Based on the laboratory research and subsequent construction and monitoring of a test section, it can be said that RA can be used in SMA-type mixtures without any negative impacts on functional properties or mixture lifetime.

scholarly journals Microtexture Performance of EAF Slags Used as Aggregate in Asphalt Mixes: A Comparative Study with Surface Properties of Natural Stones

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosolino Vaiana ◽  
Filippo Balzano ◽  
Teresa Iuele ◽  
Vincenzo Gallelli
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surface Performance ◽  
Secondary Steelmaking ◽  
Natural Stones ◽  
The Impact

Steelmaking industries produce a large amount of solid wastes that need to be adequately managed in order to ensure environmental sustainability and reduce the impact of their disposal on earth pollution. Electric arc furnace (EAF) slags are those wastes deriving from secondary steelmaking production; these slags can be re-used and recycled in many industrial applications such as the production of asphalt mixes. In this paper authors investigate the surface performance of EAF slags used as second-hand aggregate in asphalt mixes. In particular, slags behavior under polishing is compared to other types of aggregate commonly used for asphalt concrete such as limestone, basalt, and kinginzite. Several devices (skid tester, laser profilometer, polishing machine) were used to collect experimental data; the analysis of microtexture was carried out by comparing aggregate surface performance before and after polishing. Results show that EAF slags are positively comparable to basalt as concerns the polishing behavior; good correlations between skid resistance and some microtexture indicators are also carried out.

Research on Designing Optimum Asphalt Aggregate Ratio of Asphalt Mixture by Direct Shear Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Li ◽  
Wen Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Direct Shear ◽  
The Road ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Shear Performance

The author has done the shear experiment of asphalt mixtures at different asphalt aggregate ratio and different confining pressure using the direct shear test machine, then determined the optimum asphalt aggregate ratio according to the maximum shear stress. The asphalt mixture under optimum asphalt aggregate ratio has better shear performance by this method, and this method can better simulate the road surface actual stressful condition, the asphalt mixture has a good ability of anti-permanent deformation and fatigue.

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