scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Quarantine Interventions on the Spread of Corona Virus 2019: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 699-706
Author(s):  
Cecep Eli Kosasih ◽  
Tetti Solehati ◽  
Yanny Trisyani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Terrible Thing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Academic Search

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 virus has become a terrible thing and is a serious threat to health globally which spreads very fast throughout the world with the number of cases increasing sharply and causing high mortality rates. This disease has become an international public health emergency. AIM: This study aimed to systematically investigate the effectiveness of quarantine against the spread of disease due to the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: Searching for articles was using electronic databases in English such as CINAHL (EBSCO), Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Willey Online Library, Clinical key, Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, Taylor and Francis Online, Cambridge Core, and sage journals to review the literature published between 2019 and 2020. RESULTS: Seven quarantine intervention programs were demonstrated to prevent and reduce the spread of COVID-19. The most common interventions were divided into four types of programs, namely: (1) Quarantine program: “Susceptible Exposed Infectious Recovered,” (2) quarantine programs: Mitigation, quarantine program: Public health intervention, (3) quarantine programs based on laboratories, and (4) quarantine programs on cruise ships. CONCLUSION: Successful interventions were characterized by a combination of multi-sectorial collaboration, community involvement, community-based service delivery, and broader programs both in scope and compliance. This program has proven to be beneficial in preventing or reducing the spread of COVID-19. Suggestion: The government can use these programs to prevent and reduce the spread of disease caused by COVID-19.

Measuring the Efficacy of a Pilot Public Health Intervention for Engaging Communities of Puerto Rico to Rapidly Write Hurricane Protection Plans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mark E. Keim ◽  
Laura A. Runnels ◽  
Alexander P. Lovallo ◽  
Margarita Pagan Medina ◽  
Eduardo Roman Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based

Abstract Objective: The efficacy is measured for a public health intervention related to community-based planning for population protection measures (PPMs; ie, shelter-in-place and evacuation). Design: This is a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) prospective study of intervention efficacy, measured in terms of usability related to effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, and degree of community engagement. Setting: Two municipalities in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico are included. Participants: Community members consisting of individuals; traditional leaders; federal, territorial, and municipal emergency managers; municipal mayors; National Guard; territorial departments of education, health, housing, public works, and transportation; health care; police; Emergency Medical Services; faith-based organizations; nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); and the private sector. Intervention: The intervention included four community convenings: one for risk communication; two for plan-writing; and one tabletop exercise (TTX). This study analyzed data collected from the project work plan; participant rosters; participant surveys; workshop outputs; and focus group interviews. Main Outcome Measures: Efficacy was measured in terms of ISO 9241-11, an international standard for usability that includes effectiveness, efficiency, user satisfaction, and “freedom from risk” among users. Degree of engagement was considered an indicator of “freedom from risk,” measurable through workshop attendance. Results: Two separate communities drafted and exercised ~60-page-long population protection plans, each within 14.5 hours. Plan-writing workshops completed 100% of plan objectives and activities. Efficiency rates were nearly the same in both communities. Interviews and surveys indicated high degrees of community satisfaction. Engagement was consistent among community members and variable among governmental officials. Conclusions: Frontline communities have successfully demonstrated the ability to understand the environmental health hazards in their own community; rapidly write consensus-based plans for PPMs; participate in an objective-based TTX; and perform these activities in a bi-lingual setting. This intervention appears to be efficacious for public use in the rapid development of community-based PPMs.

scholarly journals Evaluating a community-based public health intervention using a complex systems approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matheson ◽  
Mat Walton ◽  
Rebecca Gray ◽  
Kirstin Lindberg ◽  
Mathu Shanthakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS CUCI TANGAN MENGGUNAKAN SABUN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI : TINJAUAN LITERATUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Rendi Ariyanto Sinanto ◽  
Sitti Nur Djannah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
The Government

Indonesia is a country that aggressively promotes public health, the government has launched a program of washing hands with soap that is useful to improve hygiene so as to avoid disease. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective hand washing with soap / hand hygiene is in preventing infection. This research was conducted on 3 to 10 July 2020 using the literature review method. The study was conducted on an article on http://garuda.ristekdikti.go.id published between 2015 and 2020. The results showed that washing hands with soap / hand hygiene in preventing infections was very effective, it was proven that washing hands with soap can reduce the risk of infection. Washing hands with soap is a pillar of community-based total sanitation, which includes six steps of hand washing. The use of hand sanitizers and soaps can reduce the number of bacterial colonies on the hands, and sanitizers that contain 70% alcohol are very effective in reducing the number of germs. Keywords: CTPS, hand washing, hand hygiene, prevention of infection.

scholarly journals Kelembagaan pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove di Pantai Bali Kabupaten Batu Bara Provinsi Sumatera Utara

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ahmad Muhtadi ◽  
Pesta Saulina Sitohang
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rules Set ◽  
Rules Of The Game

Pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove dapat dilakukan dalam bentuk kelembagaan yang dibangun berbasis masyarakat. Kelembagaan dapat berupa  organisasi atau wadah (players of the game) dan aturan main (rules of the game) yang mengatur kelangsungan organisasi maupun kerjasama antara anggotanya untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. kajian ini diperlukan untuk membuat suatu model atau pola pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove berbasis masyarakat. Kajian ini dilakukan di ekowisata mangrove di Pantai Bali, Kecamatan Talawi Kabupaten Batubara. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah kondisi sosial-ekonomi  dan kelembagaan masayarakat sekitar serta karakteristik pengunjung. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif terrhadap kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat. Analisis kelembagan mengacu pada konsep kelembagaan dari Taryono (2009) dan Ruddle (1998). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah karakteristik usia masyarakat yang banyak memanfaatkan Pantai Bali tertinggi pada usia 20-29 tahun yaitu sebanyak 54%. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam kegiatan ekowisata  mangrove, diperoleh 80%. Berdasarkan wawancara yang dilakukan dilapangan diperoleh hasil karakteristik usia pengunjung yang paling banyak pada kisaran 20-29 tahun dengan latar belakangg pendidikan SLTA sebesar 65%. Saat ini terjadi dualisme pengelolaan mangrove antara masyarakat sekitar dengan PT. Obor. Perbaikan dalam struktur organisasi pengelolaan minawana menjadi langkah pertama dalam perbaikan pengelolaan. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah tentunya perlu memberikan kewewenangan terhadap Kelompok Tani Hutan sebagai organisasi resmi yang mengatur pengelolaan dilapangan. Langkah selanjutnya adalah perbaikan pengelolaan minawana adalah perbaikan dalam aturan main dalam pengelolaan. Aturan main ini terkait dengan apa yang boleh dan tidak boleh dilakukan terhadap pengelolaan minawana. Selain itu, tentunya sanksi atau imbalan apa yang diperoleh jika melanggar aturan yang ditetapkan.Community involvement in the management of mangrove ecotourism can be done in the form of community-based institutions are built. Institutions may be in an organization or container (players of the game) and rules (rules of the game), which regulates the survival of the organization as well as the cooperation between members to achieve a common goal. This study is required to make a model or pattern of mangrove community-based ecotourism management. The study was conducted in the mangrove eco-tourism in Bali Beach, District Talawi Coal County. The data collected is the socio-economic and institutional surrounding communities as well as the characteristics of the visitors. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis terrhadap socio-economic conditions of society. Institutional analysis refers to the institutional concept of Taryono (2009) and Ruddle (1998). The results obtained are characteristic of the age of the people who are making use of the highest Bali Beach at the age of 20-29 years is 54%. Community involvement in ecotourism activities mangrove, gained 80%. Based on interviews conducted in the field result age characteristics of the visitors most in the range of 20-29 years old with a high school education background belakangg by 65%. When this happens the dualism between the surrounding community mangrove management with PT. Torch. Improvements in management organizational structure minawana be the first step in improving the management. Therefore, the government would need to give the authority to the Forest Farmers Group as an official organization governing the management field. The next step is to improve management of minawana is an improvement in the management rules. This rule is related to what can and can not do against minawana management. In addition, of course, sanctions or rewards what is gained if it violates the rules set.

scholarly journals Contamination within trials of community based public health interventions: lessons from the HENRY feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Stamp ◽  
Holly Schofield ◽  
Victoria Laurina Roberts ◽  
Wendy Burton ◽  
Michelle Collinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cluster Randomisation

Abstract Introduction: Contamination occurs when participants allocated to trial control arms receive elements of the active intervention. Randomisation at cluster level, rather than individual level, may reduce or eliminate contamination, avoiding the dilution of intervention effectiveness that it may cause. However, cluster randomisation can result in selection bias, and may not be feasible to deliver. We explored the extent of contamination in a qualitative study nested within a feasibility study of HENRY (Health, Exercise and Nutrition for the Really Young); a UK community-based child obesity prevention programme. We aimed to determine the nature and impact of contamination to inform a larger planned trial and other trials in community based public health settings. Method: We invited participants to take part in the nested qualitative study who were already involved in the HENRY feasibility study. Semi-structured interviews/focus groups were conducted with children’s centre managers (n = 7), children’s centre staff (n = 15), and parents (n = 29). Data were transcribed and analysed using an integrative approach. First, deductively organised using a framework guided by the topic guide and then organised using inductive thematic analysis. Results Potential for contamination between treatment arms was recognised by all stakeholder groups. Staff within the intervention centres presented the greatest risk of contamination, predominantly because they were often asked to work in other children centre’s (including control group centres). ‘Sharing of best practice’ by staff was reported to be a common and desirable phenomenon within community based settings. Parental sharing of HENRY messages was reported inconsistently; though some parents indicated a high degree of knowledge transfer within their immediate circles. Conclusions The extent of contamination identified has influenced the design of a future effectiveness trial of HENRY which will be clustered at the centre level (with geographically distinct clusters). The common practice of knowledge sharing amongst community teams means that this clustering approach is also likely to be most suitable for other trials based within these settings. We provide recommendations (e.g. cluster randomisation, training intervention facilitators on implications of contamination) to help reduce the impact of contamination in public health intervention trials with or without clustering, whilst enabling transfer of knowledge where appropriate. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03333733 registered 6th November 2017

scholarly journals Resilience—Rhetoric to Reality: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies After Disasters

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela van Kessel ◽  
Colin MacDougall ◽  
Lisa Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Positive Health Outcomes

AbstractObjectiveThis report aimed to examine the literature regarding evidence about community-based interventions that use the concept of resilience to increase positive health outcomes after disaster.MethodsA search was conducted of databases; gray literature, public health journals, and available key journals focused on disaster, emergency, and trauma from inception to December 2013. Excluded were non-English publications, only about children or adolescents, or a commentary or theoretical discussion on resilience.ResultsFrom a total of 1880 records, excluding duplicates, 8 studies were found. Exclusions included participants younger than age 18 years (n=74), non-English (n=40), nonempirical (n=265), not referring to disaster (n=188), not a public health intervention (n=319), and not related to an intervention targeting resilience (n=890).ConclusionsThis systematic review highlighted a gap in the evidence relating to interventions targeting the resilience of adults who have experienced a disaster. The results were mixed in relation to information provision but promising for strategies that promote social interactions or develop community competence. Future studies could explore the ability of interventions to build the intrinsic capacity of a system, community, or society at risk of a disaster to adapt and survive. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1-9)

scholarly journals The Development of a Community-based COVID-19 Public Health Intervention in Rural Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadrack Osei Frimpong ◽  
Moro Seidu ◽  
Sam Kris Hilton ◽  
Yusuf Ransome ◽  
Elijah Paintsil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Parihs Framework ◽  
Community Team ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was utilized to design an evidence-based practice, Cocoa360’s COVID Preparedness & Outbreak Prevention Plan (CoCoPOPP), for rural communities in Ghana. Through participatory academic-community team discussion, interactive dissemination, systematic review of evidence about community-based interventions during Ebola, HIV/AIDS, and Influenza outbreaks and effective engagement with local and national stakeholders, CoCoPOPP was developed to be consistent with the PARIHS framework. Methods: Applying the three core elements of the PARIHS framework (evidence, context, and facilitation), the designers developed orientation, logistic needs and planning, and social mobilization. Components of CoCoPOPP also included participant recruitment and training, communication, research, monitoring & evaluation plan, execution, technical assistance, and facilitation. Results: This intervention achieved three (3) main aims: (1) meet a pressing health need during the COVID-19 pandemic in local underserved settings, (2) ensure that the strategy is informed by high-quality evidence from similar interventions in past outbreaks, and (3) evaluate and learn from research on interventions to garner data. Beyond the impact on health outcomes and healthcare services utilization, CoCoPOPP sought to garner data for organizational use and to share insights on pandemic management and control with the Ghanaian government and the broader global health community. Conclusion: The use of evidence-based public health framework, PARIHS, renders CoCoPOPP a replicable community-based model that can be implemented in other rural communities in Ghana and other Sub-Saharan African counties with similar cultural settings.

scholarly journals KAJIAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SANITASI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (PSBM) DI KELURAHAN MANGUNHARJO, SEMARANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Kurnia Adi ◽  
Mardwi Rahdriawan
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
High Participation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

The tendency of the existing infrastructure is not in accordance with the needs of the community because it is top down. Therefore, this study aims to assess community participation in managing community-based sanitation. Studies conducted focusing on participatory processes and the level of community participation in the provision of sanitation in the village program Mangunharjo precisely in RT 03 and 04 RW I. The method used in this research is quantitative and qualitative. The level of community participation in the management of the sanitation program has high participation category that has meaning on the degree of power-sharing community which has occurred rights, responsibilities and authority between the community and government to participate. Meanwhile, at the stage of organizing the participation category includes medium category (tokensm) in which the wishes of the people has been discussed, but the decision rests with the government. It is influenced by the role of the Village and Chairman of RT / RW is too dominant so that the public is not very enthusiastic in participating at the stage of organizing and resigned to the decision of the facilitator. Implementation of the program when viewed from the principle pelaksaaan almost matches that is about 80%, planning, implementation, and evaluation is fully in accordance with the principle only at the stage of organizing has obstacles described earlier which resulted in incompatibility in principle with the implementation of the program. That there is a relationship between the facilitator and community involvement, if the facilitator can perform their duties well as explaining the program well and excessive interference, then the public will enthusiastically participate. The Government needs to show its commitment in the implementation of the provision of community-based sanitation program (PSBM) in terms of giving people an opportunity to participate fully in sanitation management stages.

Hong Kong: The Healthcare Professions and the Outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
Calvin W.L. Ho ◽  
Daisy Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Healthcare Profession ◽  
Healthcare Professions ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This chapter studies Hong Kong’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Hong Kong’s experience with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003 helped to prepare the health system for a pandemic, allowing it to avoid a complete lockdown of the city. Social-distancing measures, aggressive testing, and contact tracing have also been critical in controlling the local transmission of the disease. However, when historians and health policy researchers look back at the early days of the outbreak, they are likely to cite the impact of the five-day strike of healthcare professionals in February 2020 as a critical turning point in Hong Kong’s initially hesitant response. The chapter then focuses on this strike and the role of the healthcare profession in shaping public health policy. It argues that the striking healthcare professionals used their standing in Hong Kong to revive the city’s collective memory of the SARS outbreak, mobilizing public action, and possibly triggering a stronger public health intervention by the government.

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