scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS CUCI TANGAN MENGGUNAKAN SABUN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI : TINJAUAN LITERATUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Rendi Ariyanto Sinanto ◽  
Sitti Nur Djannah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
The Government

Indonesia is a country that aggressively promotes public health, the government has launched a program of washing hands with soap that is useful to improve hygiene so as to avoid disease. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective hand washing with soap / hand hygiene is in preventing infection. This research was conducted on 3 to 10 July 2020 using the literature review method. The study was conducted on an article on http://garuda.ristekdikti.go.id published between 2015 and 2020. The results showed that washing hands with soap / hand hygiene in preventing infections was very effective, it was proven that washing hands with soap can reduce the risk of infection. Washing hands with soap is a pillar of community-based total sanitation, which includes six steps of hand washing. The use of hand sanitizers and soaps can reduce the number of bacterial colonies on the hands, and sanitizers that contain 70% alcohol are very effective in reducing the number of germs. Keywords: CTPS, hand washing, hand hygiene, prevention of infection.

Description of the Characteristics of Public’s Knowledge and Perceptions About the Covid-19 Pandemic in the New Normal Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
Pariyana Yana ◽  
Mariatul Fadillah ◽  
Zulkarnain ◽  
Apriyani Supia Dewi ◽  
Rani Anggarini
Keyword(s):  
College Graduates ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020.Various stepshave been taken to control the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic that is currentlyhappening in Indonesia. Despite all the efforts of the government and media to educatethe public, the increase in the number of daily cases in Indonesia has not shown adecline. This encourages researchers to assess the level of public knowledge andperceptions because factors have an influence on individual health behavior that cancontribute to pandemic control efforts. This research uses study method observationaldescriptive. The population in this study were 343 people who filled out a researchquestionnaire conducted by the IKM-IKK FK Unsri department. For 251 respondents whofilled out the online questionnaire completely, the mean age was 23.78 ± 7.46, 63.7%female, 63.7% college graduates, 77.7% Muslim, and the majority of occupations arecollege students and students (54.6%). In the assessment of knowledge, 137 people(35.7%) had a good level of knowledge with a mean valueknowledge 13.25 ± 3.2. Themajority of respondents have a good perception, namely 249 people (99.2%) with morethan half showing a positive perception of the risk of infection if not taking precautions,the importance of wearing masks and physical distancing, hand washing behavior, self-isolation, and consumption of nutritious food during the Covid-19 pandemic..

scholarly journals Residual moisture determines the level of touch-contact-associated bacterial transfer following hand washing

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. PATRICK ◽  
G. FINDON ◽  
T. E. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Hand Drying ◽  
Microbial Numbers

We report here a new and critical determinant of the effectiveness of hand hygiene procedures, namely the amount of residual moisture left on the hands after washing and drying. When samples of skin, food and utilities were touched with wet, undried hands, microbial numbers in the order of 68000, 31000 and 1900 respectively translocated to these representative surfaces. Bacterial numbers translocating on touch contact decreased progressively as drying with an air or cloth towel system removed residual moisture from the hands. A 10 s cloth towel–20 s air towel protocol reduced the bacterial numbers translocating to skin, food and utilities on touch contact to 140, 655 and 28 respectively and achieved a 99·8, 94 and 99% reduction in the level of bacterial translocation associated with wet hands. Careful hand drying is a critical factor determining the level of touch-contact-associated bacterial transfer after hand washing and its recognition could make a significant contribution towards improving handcare practices in clinical and public health sectors.

scholarly journals A Healthy Buildings Guideline for the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Federspiel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Airborne Transmission ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Health Experts

AbstractPublic health experts have confirmed that airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is one of the primary mechanisms of infection (CDC, 2020). In addition to social distancing, mask wearing and hand washing, experts now recommend increasing the ventilation and filtration of indoor air. While there is widespread consensus on this general approach, to date there are no published guidelines for the levels of ventilation, filtration, etc. that are required to control the pandemic. This is an urgent concern because colder weather in the Northern Hemisphere has moved social activity indoors where the risk of infection is higher.

scholarly journals Hand-hygiene mitigation strategies against global disease spreading through the air transportation network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Nicolaides ◽  
Demetris Avraam ◽  
Luis Cueto-Felgueroso ◽  
Marta C. González ◽  
Ruben Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTHand hygiene is considered as an efficient and cost-effective way to limit the spread of diseases and, as such, it is recommended by both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). While the effect of hand washing on individual transmissibility of a disease has been studied through medical and public-health research, its potential as a mitigation strategy against a global pandemic has not been fully explored yet. In this study, we investigate contagion dynamics through the world air transportation network and analyze the impact of hand-hygiene behavioural changes of airport population against the spread of infectious diseases worldwide. Using a granular dataset of the world air transportation traffic, we build a detailed individual mobility model that controls for the correlated and recurrent nature of human travel and the waiting-time distributions of individuals at different locations. We perform a Monte-Carlo simulation study to assess the impact of different hand-washing mitigation strategies at the early stages of a global epidemic. From the simulation results we find that increasing the hand cleanliness homogeneously at all airports in the world can inhibit the impact of a potential pandemic by 24 to 69%. By quantifying and ranking the contribution of the different airports to the mitigation of an epidemic outbreak, we identify ten key airports at the core of a cost-optimal deployment of the hand-washing strategy: increasing the engagement rate at those locations alone could potentially reduce a world pandemic by 8 to 37%. This research provides evidence of the effectiveness of hand hygiene in airports on the global spread of infectious diseases, and has important implications for the way public-health policymakers may design new effective strategies to enhance hand hygiene in airports through behavioral changes.

scholarly journals Autoriti Kerajaan Dalam Mewajibkan Vaksinasi Kanak-kanak: Kajian Menurut Perspektif Hukum Islam (Authority of the Government to Enforce Child Vaccination: A Study from the Islamic Ruling Perspective)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Mohd Anuar Ramli ◽  
Tengku Fatimah Azzahra Tengku Md Fauzi ◽  
Noor Fahimah Mohd Razif
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Vaccine Injection ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Child Vaccination

Public health is the main priority of the government policy. In line with this, various efforts have been undertaken to improve the health of the community, including vaccination programs, explicitly the injection of vaccines, specifically immunization among children. This is due to the transmission of various types of diseases that risks the survival of children. However, there are parents who reject giving the vaccine to their children based on claims of non-halal vaccine sources and the adverse events following immunization. They deny the importance of vaccines by choosing alternative treatments that are said to be better and safer. Since the vaccine injection is not a mandatory requirement by the government, they feel entitled to reject the vaccine injection by choice. As a result of the vaccine rejection, some previously reduced vaccine-preventable diseases are on the increase in Malaysia. Therefore, this literature review, based on the qualitative approach, discusses the polemics of vaccines and governmental authorities in enforcing a policy from an Islamic ruling perspective. Findings of this study indicate that based on the principle of maslahah in Islam, it is permissible for the government to devise vaccination as a compulsory requirement for the citizens. Thus, the government can enforce mandatory vaccinations so that parents will allow their children to be vaccinated. The effects of not vaccinating children are not on the children only; they also pose risks to the community at large.

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue (Literature Review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Tri Yuni Sukesi ◽  
Supriyati Supriyati ◽  
Tribaskoro Tunggul Satoto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Government

Abstract Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) was still a public health problem that has been more than 20 years with various efforts. Community participation was great for reducing the incidence of DHF. Community empowerment will greatly assist the government in succeeding DHF preventive efforts so that DHF can be controlled. The method used in this study was a literature study that examines the various references closely related to community empowerment in the control of DHF diseases. References examined come from the results of research both from within or abroad, books and official reports issued within a period of not more than 10 years. The number of literature studied was 35 literatures.Community empowerment in the control of DHF was necessary because the government can not run alone in efforts to control DHF. All programs that were rolled out will be useless if the community was not involved in planning, monitoring and evaluation processes. This is because DHF was related to environmental problems in which humans were involved in creating an enabling environment for the spread of DHF Community empowerment in . DHF control was important to support the implementation and sustainability of DHF control program. Abstrak Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakatwalaupun sudah dikendalikan lebih dari 20 tahun dengan berbagai upaya. Peran sertamasyarakat sangat besar dalam upaya pengendalian sehingga pemberdayaanmasyarakat penting dilakukan untuk mengurangi kejadian penyakit DBD.Pemberdayaan masyarakat akan sangat membantu pemerintah dalam menyukseskanupaya preventif DBD sehingga DBD dapat dikendalikan. Metode yang digunakan dalamkajian ini adalah studi literatur yang mengkaji berbagai referensi yang erat kaitannyadengan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengendalian penyakit DBD. Referensi yangdikaji berasal dari hasil penelitian baik dari dalam atau luar negeri, buku dan laporanresmi yang dikeluarkan dalam kurun waktu tidak lebih dari 10 tahun. Jumlah literatureyang dikaji sebanyak 35 literatur. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengendalian DBDdiperlukan karena pemerintah tidak bisa berjalan sendiri dalam upaya pengendalianDBD. Semua program yang digulirkan akan tidak berguna apabila masyarakat tidakdilibatkan dalam perencanaan, proses monitoring dan evaluasi. Hal ini disebabkankarena DBD berhubungan dengan masalah lingkungan dimana manusia terlibat dalammenciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung terhadap penyebaran penyakit DBD.Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengendalian DBD penting untuk menunjangpelaksanaan dan keberlangsungan program pengendalian DBD.

The Sewol Ferry Disaster: Experiences of a Community-Based Hospital in Ansan City

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Hak Park ◽  
Hanjin Cho ◽  
Joo Yeong Kim ◽  
Joo-Hyun Song ◽  
Sungwoo Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Modern History ◽  
School Students ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe Sewol ferry disaster is one of the most tragic events in Korea’s modern history. Among the 476 people on board, which included Danwon High School students (324) and teachers (14), 304 passengers died in the disaster (295 recovered corpses and 9 missing) and 172 survived. Of the rescued survivors, 72 were attending Danwon High School, located in Ansan City, and residing in a residence nearby. Because the students were young, emotionally susceptible adolescents, both the government and the parents requested the students be grouped together at a single hospital capable of appropriate psychiatric care. Korea University Ansan Hospital was the logical choice, as the only third-tier university-grade hospital with the necessary faculty and facilities within the residential area of the families of the students. We report the experiences and the lessons learned from the processes of preparing for and managing the surviving young students as a community-based hospital. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:389–393)

scholarly journals The Implementation of Total Sanitation Programme Based of Community - Stop Defecating Carelessly in the Lembur Timur and Luba Village Subdistrict Lembur of Alor District on 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Yosef Yusran
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Village Community ◽  
The Government

Nationally data show that no province in Indonesia to reach the targets of the Millennium Development Goals in 2015, that is 100% access to the toilets. Open defecation behavior is the main cause in occurrence of disease based environment. This research was conducted to describe the implementation process of the first pillar a program called Community Based Total Sanitation, “Stop Open Defecation” in the Lembur Timur and Luba Village, District Alor subdis– Lembur on 2015. This research was evaluative draft summative approach system descriptive analyzed. The interview was carried out in public health centre and village on 14 people that implementing Community Based Total Sanitation. The subjects of Reviews These studies were taken in purposive sampling. In-depth interviews, examination of documents and observations conducted to get a more information about the variables Examined. Variable in this Research was process of the program. Research results showed variable training facilitator, plan of action, natural leader as well as monitoring and evaluation were eligible with Permenkes No. 3 on 2014 about Community Based Total Sanitation, whereas the variabel of trigger and advocacy were not eligible. There were no document trigger and recommendations written advocacy activities related to the government of the village. Community empowerment efforts haven’t been running because not maximal formed Village Community Based Total Sanitation Committee. Need to increase the knowledge of sanitarian with conduct a study and comparative study to other public health centre with the recording system and reporting as well as the establishment of Village Community Based Total Sanitation Committee.

scholarly journals Hand Hygiene Habits of Ghanaian Youths in Accra

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Oppong ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Cecilia Amponsem-Boateng ◽  
Guangcai Duan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Continuous Education ◽  
Prevention Of Infection

The human palm has been identified as one of the richest habitats for human microbial accommodation making hand hygiene essential to primary prevention of infection. Since the hand is in constant contact with fomites which have been proven to be mostly contaminated, building hand hygiene habits is essential for the prevention of infection. This research was conducted to assess the hand hygiene habits of Ghanaian youths in Accra. This study used a survey as a quantitative method of research. The findings of the study revealed that out of the 254 participants who fully answered the questionnaire, 22% had the habit of washing their hands after outings while only 51.6% had the habit of washing their hands after using the bathroom. However, about 60% of the participants said they sometimes ate with their hands while 28.9% had the habit of eating with the hand very often, a situation that put them at risk of infection from their hands since some participants had poor handwashing habits; prompting the need for continuous education on hand hygiene.

scholarly journals PADASAN AND SYMBOLS OF PUBLIC SELF-HEALTH IN JAVANESE-ISLAMIC CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-372
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzan Hidayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this research is to increase the desire for healthy livingbehavior of the community, especially thorough hand washing, as well asprovide insights to the community to always preserve the healthy livingculture that has existed in the culture of Javanese society and Islam. Thisresearch uses a method through literature studies with literature review. Theresults showed that the padasan has been known since time immemorial.On the site of Ki Buyut Trusmi, the padasan is placed to enter a holierplace. Padasan in Al-Aqsa mosque Kudus have Buddhist architecturestyle. In the new normal era, the government encourages the public to getused to washing their hands with soap. This research concludes the habit ofwashing hands has been done by the previous community but using atraditional tool called padasan.

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