scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of demographic development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ekaterina R. Barkova
Keyword(s):  
Migration Rate ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The study explores the peculiarities of demographic processes in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the socioeconomic factors determining them. The author tests hypotheses about the relationship of socioeconomic characteristics of the population with fertility and migration basing on data from 13 municipalities of the region for 2011–2017. The analysis reveals a statistically significant relationship between age-specific fertility rate for women aged 15–49 and such indicators as marriage and divorce rates, wages, the proportion of employed in the working-age population, the enrolment of children in preschool education, and the proportion of families who received housing or improved housing conditions among those registered in the housing program. Inbound migration rate is statistically related to wages, as well as to proportion of employed in the total working-age population, while outbound migration rate is linked to proportion of those employed in mining, as well as to indicators characterizing situation in the marriage market.

scholarly journals Trends and factors of the demographic development of Tver oblast in the 20th — early 21st centuries

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Oleg Rybakovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Tver Oblast ◽  
The Past ◽  
Population Exchange ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Age Pyramid ◽  
Post War ◽  
And Migration

The article summarizes the reproductive and migration development of one of the most demographically-disadvantaged regions of Russia — Tver oblast, where depopulation has been taking place for more than 50 years. Thus, in 30 years, from January 1989 to January 2019, the population of Tver oblast, as well as its population in working age, decreased by 1.3 times, the number of women of the most active reproductive age (20-39 years) — by 1.5 times. The factors of this negative process are substantiated in the article. First, during the War of 1941-1945 this territory was occupied for three years and became the site of some of the bloodiest battles of this war, including the Battle of Rzhev. Second, from the region in the pre-revolutionary and post-war Soviet times actively went the settlement of the rear and suburban regions, first of all, North European and Asian Russia. Third, the region is on the way between the two main migration recipients («magnets») of Russia — the Moscow and Leningrad macroregions, and its population is steadily decreasing due to outflow to two capitals. The article reveals the extent of demographic, including migration, losses of the region in the later Soviet and post-Soviet times. The circle of the closest migration partners of Tver oblast and the nature of population exchange with them are identified. Changes in the direction and closeness of the region's migration links over the past fifty years have been investigated. The origin of structural waves in the sex-age pyramid of Tver oblast for a century has been substantiated. It is argued to what demographic structural and socio-economic consequences such development of the region has led to. It is concluded about the place and prospects of Tver oblast and its population in modern market economy Russia.

scholarly journals Assessment and mapping of demographic potential of urbanized territories of the Baikal-Mongol region

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
N V Vorobyev ◽  
A N Vorobyev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Population Demographic ◽  
Demographic Potential

Abstract This article provides an assessment of the demographic potential of the Baikal-Mongolian region, which unites the adjacent territories of the two countries. The cores of the research site are the urbanized territories of Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude and Ulan-Bator, and communications are railways and highways connecting the main centres. The demographic potential is characterized by the level and possibilities for the development of demographic processes and population structures, and mainly numerous quantitative characteristics of the population of the territory are used. The authors limited themselves to using quantitative characteristics of the demographic potential according to statistical data for 2019–2020 within the territories of the municipal districts and urban districts of the Irkutsk region, the Republic of Buryatia and aimags of Mongolia. Data on density and proportion of urban population reflect the size of the main urban areas. Data on demographic processes reflect the characteristics of the natural and migration movement of the population. Demographic structures are represented by the age structure and the demographic load of the working-age population, which is minimal throughout Mongolia and in the suburbs of Russian regional centres. Generalizing characteristics of demographic potential calculated from the average sum of individual indicators.

CERTAIN TRENDS IN DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Senchenko ◽  
◽  
V.F. Kapitonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Region ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population

Implementation of the "Concept of demographic policy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025" and Priority national projects in health and demography helped to reduce mortality and increase birth rate. However, these processes in rural areas had their own characteristics due to the long-term systemic crisis. Purpose: to assess the state and trends in demographic development of the rural district of the Krasnoyarsk region. Material and methods. The paper uses data of the State statistics for the period 2010-2018. The main demographic indicators of the Nizhneingashsky district of the Krasnoyarsk region were studied: population size, population structure by age and gender, birth and death rates. Results. The district population has a long-term sustainable tendency towards decreasing (15.9% during the study period). It is mainly due to the migration outflow of the working – age population, the size of which decreased by 24.6 %. The district mortality rate is high (16.7‰), however, during the study period it has dropped by 30.3 %. There is an ongoing tendency towards reduction in the share of people of working ages (up to 55.9%) in the population structure, primarily due to moving to other territories, and increase in the share of the elderly and senile (up to 23.9%), which makes it possible to classify this area as the one with a very high level of demographic old age population. Analysis of indicators of the special birth rate F allows us to characterize it as low (˂ 64‰). The growth rate of this indicator added up to 20.9 % in 2013 compared to 2010, while it decreased by 45.9% from 2013 to 2018. From 2010 to 2017, the total birth rate in the Nizhneingashsky district decreased by -1.02‰ (∆b), or 7.5 %. Conclusion. The ongoing decline in the share of fertile females is the main demographic factor that has spurred the decline in the birth rate since 2013. Opening new jobs in the district will stimulate the influx of people from other territories as well as reduce the migration outflow of the working-age population, rather increasing the population then just preserving its size. Increase in the share of the working-age population of reproductive age will contribute to the increased birth rate, because it is traditionally higher in rural areas. Improving demographic situation in the district requires development of socio-economic measures aimed at stimulating the birth of the third and subsequent children.

scholarly journals Social and geographical features of the formation of the modern labour market of Ternopil region

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-625
Author(s):  
L. B. Zastavetska ◽  
N. N. Kotsan ◽  
R. I. Kotsan ◽  
K. D. Dudarchuk ◽  
T. B. Zastavetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Employment System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
And Migration

The article gives a detailed analysis of the processes of formation of the labour resource potential of Ternopil region as a labour excess region. The influence of the demo- graphic component on the formation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of labour potential is highlighted there. The study of patterns and factors in the formation of labour potential is inextricably linked with research on the labour market, which is the most important element of the market economy. Avail- ability of labour potential brings a certain social and economic sense to the development of labour market, its effective functioning and improvement of the employment system of the population. Since the natural basis of labour potential is the population, a vital com- ponent in guaranteeing the stable and safe development of the state, the problems of optimal demographic development are extremely relevant. The article outlines current problems of unemployment of the population of Ternopil region, in particular young people; the causes of its occurrence are investigated there. It was established that the labour resource potential of Ternopil region is characterized by a high proportion of able-bodied persons, but a low level of employment. The main features of the labour resource potential are the de- crease in its quantity due to the natural reduction of population and migration of able-bodied persons, deterioration of the age structure of the population as a result of “ageing”, changes in the structure of employment in economic activity, narrowing professional structure of workers and imbalance in the labour market. This is a sign of exhaustion of the labour resource potential, which may negatively affect the development of certain sectors of the economy in the future. The research analyzes changes that took place in the structure of employment in the economy, starting from the 1940s up to the present; the consequences of stagnation of a significant number of enterprises in industry, construction and other industries (narrowing professional structure of workers in the economy, etc.) are shown there. The main reasons for the discrepancy between the supply and demand of the labour force in the region (unwillingness to work outside one’s specialty, low salary, low level of qualification of employees) are indicated. Particular attention is paid to the migration of people of working age beyond the region, the main reasons that cause it, as well as the possible consequences for further development of the economy of Ternopil region.

scholarly journals Influence of migration processes on the demographic development in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Pomazkin
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The article discusses the influence of migration on the development of demographic processes in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The study shows that the current level of migration will lead to a decrease in the population due to the uneven sex and age structure of the population of the region. In this context, the author presents estimates of the number and costs of shift workers, that need to be attracted to compensate for the economically active population reduction.

Zróżnicowanie kapitału ludzkiego w województwach Polski w świetle badań własnych

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-167
Author(s):  
Agata Surówka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
Over Time

In the economy of the 21st century one of the most important resources and factors determining the strengths and competitiveness of regions is human capital. This role in regional development has been noticed in the policy of the European Union. The article presents the results of research into the diversity of human capital in Poland. The category was determined using fifteen indicators, and their selection was dictated by the availability of data across voivodships and their comparability over time. The aim was to verify the diversity of the human capital of voivodships in Poland within the regional structure of the country. The research included an attempt to measure and take into account changes in their diversity in dynamic terms (2007–2018). The research tool was factor analysis. The results allowed the assessment and observation of differences in the classification of voivodship groups. The schooling coefficients of individual types of schools have an impact on the grouping and diversity of similar voivodships in terms of human capital. Demographic processes are particularly unfavorable in the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship. The dynamic approach allows us to claim that groups of objects are characterized by a different specificity. The most favorable quality of human capital was assessed in the Mazowieckie voivodeship. It was observed that the voivodships in Poland also differentiate the indicators characterizing the working and post-working age population. The goal is characterized by variability in time. Given the dynamic dimensions of the category, achieving them in a different way seems very important.

Labour Diplomacy and Migration Governance in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Keshav Bashyal ◽  
Binita Subedi
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Analytical Assessment ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

This paper examines the linkage between labour diplomacy and migration governance, which is one of the most interconnected subjects in international relations. Especially in the case of Nepal, almost a quarter of the total working age population is working abroad and the remittance contributes to more than a quarter of its national GDP and greatly influences the socio-economic dynamics of Nepali society. Myriads of socio-economic tangibles, besides macroeconomic variables are intertwined with the country’s labour migration phenomena. The paper focusses on analysing different facets of this linkage by distinctly dissecting various issues concerning labour migration, including the gender perspective, on the diplomatic as well as governance front to explore the gap between the economic aspirations of the country and the actual pace of economic development. The paper uses qualitative methods to allow analytical assessment of various government as well as secondary sources of literature, including reports prepared by international bodies. This leads to the conclusion that without proper interlinkage and cooperation between labour diplomacy and migration governance, it is not possible to achieve sustainable economic growth and development of Nepal.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE NUMBER AND AGE-SEX COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION OF SAMARA AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (30(57)) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Nikolai A. Pervyshin
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
The City

Priority for the analysis of General trends in the dynamics of demographic processes in the Russian Federation is the study of medical and demographic indicators in territories that are important for the effective functioning and development of territorial industrial complexes (productions). An in-depth study of the demographic situation in the city of Samara for the period 1990 to 2018 allows us to identify factors that affect the morbidity and mortality of the working-age population in the region, as well as to determine the current directions for improving and developing medical services.

scholarly journals Demographic development trends in the Russian Eastern Arctic

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Yury A. Avdeev ◽  
Zinaida I. Sidorkina ◽  
Valentina L. Ushakova
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Demographic Potential

The paper considers the features of the demographic processes in the Russian Arctic zone by the example of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the period from 1939 to 2017. The future of the Arctic depends in large part on its demographic potential. What should be the population of the territory, how the space is organized, whether the population is needed, or enough of the watch organization of production: what should be done (or what not to do) so that the way of life of the native and the indigenous population remained in harmony with the environment, and at the same time solved large-scale tasks in the interests of the country. The study uses the method of constructing and comparing demographic pyramids for different time periods. There are specified demographic groups that differ in their reproductive behavior. On this basis, time periods were identified, within which demographic processes were going in different ways that allows us to assess the relationship between the nature and outcome of these processes and the structure of population at different stages of history. Based on the prospective analysis of the demographic processes in the territory of development of this part of the country, there was revealed the specific in the dynamics and features of the formation of the demographic potential through natural reproduction and migration movement of the indigenous people and newcomers. The authors examined the changes in the population structure at the time of population growth due to intensive arrivals before 1990 and the dramatic decrease as a result of the outflow in the 1990 s, which significantly changed the structure of the population, the ratio between different groups. This approach to analysis of demographic indicators may be used in elaboration of strategic plans for socio-economic development of the region. It gives an adequate assessment of the current situation, helps to formulate in strategic documents the goals and objectives of socioeconomic development, to determine the priorities in the regional demographic policy.

scholarly journals Demographic factor of intensification of innovation activity of Russian regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 19001
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kovanova ◽  
Nogan Badmaeva ◽  
Sayan Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
Rapid Activation

The article presents an analysis of the influence of demographic factors on the development of innovations in the regions of Russia. The relevance of the study is associated with the fact that the Russian economy is distinguished by the presence of a large number of various problems that impede the rapid activation of innovative mechanisms. Not every region has opportunities for an innovative breakthrough. The purpose of the article is to compare the Russian regions (Kalmykia, Buryatia) in terms of the characteristics of the main demographic processes and their influence on the innovative development of regions. The article analyzes the following demographic indicators: population size, birth and death rates, age structure, working-age population, etc. The main research methods are the comparative method, analysis of statistical information. Analysis of the data presented showed that complex demographic processes are taking place in the republics. High migration outflow of the population, high mortality rate, a decrease in the share of the working-age population, migration of the rural population — all this affects the demographic potential of the region and, accordingly, the indicators of innovation development.

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