Biologically active components and health benefits of nettle seed oil

The biologically active components of nettle seed oil and important lipid indices, which are criteria for the health benefits of the oil, have been examined. Linoleic acid predominates in triacylglycerols (77.7%), followed by oleic (16.2%). Sterols in the lipids are present at 1.1% and β-sitosterol is the main component (90.1%). The oil contains 711 mg/kg tocopherols and γ-tocopherol predominates (36.1%), followed by α-tocopherol (28.9%) and δ-tocopherol (26.9%). Atherogenicity and thrombogenicity index values are significantly low, which determine the best anti-atherogenic and anti-thrombogenic properties of the oil. The cholesterolemic index and the ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids are considerably higher than 1.0 and reveal good hypocholesterolemic potential and nutritional value. The content of biologically active components of nettle seed oil indicates that it is a rich source of essential fatty acids, sterols and tocopherols and this oil can be used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products.

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CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN CHINA AND IRAN WITH CONSIDERING BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND ITS HEALTH BENEFITS

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.46909/cerce-2020-009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 105-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. SUN ◽

M. H. SHAHRAJABIAN ◽

M. KHOSHKHARAM ◽

H. SHEN ◽

Q. CHENG

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Cattle Feed ◽

Important Health ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

Cotton (Gossypium L.) is one of the most important commercial crops and it is famous as white gold. Cotton has a diversity of applications, principally medicinal and many other usages, such as pigments, derivatives for cattle feed, different uses of the oil extracts and etc. Cottonseed oil has a ration of 2:1 of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids and generally consists of 65-70% unsaturated fatty acids, including 18-24% monounsaturated (oleic) and 42-52% polyunsaturated (linoleic), and 26-35% saturated (palmitic and stearic). The most important health benefits of cotton is treat respiratory diseases, treat skin problems, treat wounds, beneficial for breastfeeding mothers, a good cure for rat bite, an appropriate cure for scorpion bite, for joint and eye pains, for swollen legs, for removing bacteria in teeth, and alternative medicine for various diseases such as cancer, HIV and etc. Cotton seed oil mostly extracted from Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium herbaceum, that are also grown for cotton fiber and animal feed. Gossypol is one of the most effective ingredients, both in traditional pharmaceutical practices and alternative modern medicinal preparations. It is a toxic polyphenolic bisesquiterpene, which may have antifertility and antiviral properties. The obtained findings suggest potential of cotton as a natural resource in pharmaceutical industries.

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Characterization of Neocarya Macrophylla Seed Oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) Techniques

Chemical Science International Journal ◽

10.9734/csji/2019/v28i330142 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Aliyu Ahmad Warra ◽

Lawal Gusau Hassan ◽

Leye Jonathan Babatola ◽

Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo ◽

Richard Undigweundeye Ukpanukpong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Soxhlet Extraction ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ft Ir

Aim: Modern researches described incorporating gingerbread plum (Neocarya macrophylla) kernel oils into food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products by exploiting its physicochemical properties. Study Design: Experimental and instrumental study was done to determine the general and the saturated fatty acids present in the seed oil and its suitability for industrial applications. This study examined the fatty acids by qualitative determination from hexane extracts of Neocarya macrophylla seed using GC-MS. Materials and Methods: Indigenous Neocarya macrophylla seeds obtained from Gingerbread plum tree were collected in the Month of August from Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. soxhlet extraction method was used for the oil extraction. The GC-MS analysis was by coupling system of Shimadzu QP2010 series gas chromatography with Shimadzu QP2010 plus mass spectroscopy detector (GCMS). For the FT-IR analysis, software of OMNIC operating system (Version 7.0 Thermo Nicolet) was connected to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer Nicolet 8400S equipped with a detector of deuterated triglycine sulphate (DTGS). Conclusion: These results showed the potential of this oil in cosmetic industry.

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Spiny-Cheek Crayfish, Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817), as an Alternative Food Source

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Natalia Śmietana ◽

Remigiusz Panicz ◽

Małgorzata Sobczak ◽

Przemysław Śmietana ◽

Arkadiusz Nędzarek

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Chemical Score ◽

Very High ◽

Acid Index

The aim of the study was to present a comprehensive characterisation of crayfish meat, which is crucial to assess its potential usefulness in the food industry. To this end, we assessed the yield, basic chemical composition (protein, fat, minerals), nutritional value (amino acid and fatty acid profiles, essential amino acid index (EAAI), chemical score of essential amino acids (CS), hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio (h/H), atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (TI) indices), as well as culinary value (lab colour, texture, sensory characteristics, structure) of the meat of spiny-cheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus) (n = 226) from Lake Sominko (Poland) harvested in May–September 2017. Crayfish meat, especially that from the abdomen, was shown to have high nutritional parameters. It is lean (0.26% of fat), with a favourable fatty acid profile and a very high quality of fat (PUFA (sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids):SFA (sum of saturated fatty acids), n-6/n-3, h/H, AI, TI) and protein (high CS and EAAI). It is also a better source of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and Cu than meat from slaughter animals. Hence, crayfish meat can be an alternative to livestock meat in the human diet. Owing to its culinary value (delicateness, weak game flavour, and odour), it meets the requirements of the most demanding consumers, i.e., children and older people.

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Fatty Acids Profile, Physicalchemical Properties and Minerals with Quantify Indicador of Astrocaryum aculeatum Pulp Oil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n12p352 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 352

Author(s):

Bernardo M. Linhares ◽

Ana Marcia D. C. Costa ◽

Herliana D. F. Abreu ◽

Ana Cristina G. Reis de Melo ◽

Pedro R. E. Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Astrocaryum Aculeatum ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Acid Index

The species Astrocaryum aculeatum (Arecaceae) is known in the Brazilian Amazon as tucumã, whose fruit is much appreciated by the population of the region, where its pulp, oleaginous, is the most consumed. Thus, the aim of this work was to perform a profile of fatty acids by GC-FID and minerals by ICP-OES of the oil of the pulp of the tucumã (A. aculeatum), as well as their physicochemical properties by 1H NMR. The fruits were collected in Alto Alegre city, Roraima, Brazil. These were taken to the laboratory, sanitized and removing your pulp, submitted to the oven with air circulation at 50 °C for 72 h, the dried pulps were milled and sieved between 20-40 mesh. The pulp oil extraction was realized in Soxhlet with hexane for 6 hours (yield of 54.7%). Were identified a total of 10 fatty acids, of these 23.8% are saturated fatty acids and 76.2% are unsaturated fatty acids: palmitic acid (10.4%), stearic acid (4.9%), oleic acid (64.2%), linoleic acid (11%) and linolenic acid (1%). The physicochemical properties have a pulp oil acid index of 0.31 mg KOH g-1, saponification of 190.39 mg KOH g-1, iodine index of 85.97 mg g-1. Minerals such as in their available forms K (70.05 mg L-1) Na (30.30 mg L-1), Ca (20.13 mg L-1) and P (20.07 mg L-1) were observed in high concentrations. The Amazon tucumã is an oleaginous that deserves our attention because it is composed of essential fatty acids that are beneficial to the human health.

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A Comprehensive Review of the Composition, Nutritional Value, and Functional Properties of Camel Milk Fat

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10092158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2158

Author(s):

Ibrahim A. Bakry ◽

Lan Yang ◽

Mohamed A. Farag ◽

Sameh A. Korma ◽

Ibrahim Khalifa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Camel Milk ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Milk Fat Globules ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Nutritional Benefits

Recently, camel milk (CM) has been considered as a health-promoting icon due to its medicinal and nutritional benefits. CM fat globule membrane has numerous health-promoting properties, such as anti-adhesion and anti-bacterial properties, which are suitable for people who are allergic to cow’s milk. CM contains milk fat globules with a small size, which accounts for their rapid digestion. Moreover, it also comprises lower amounts of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids concurrent with higher levels of essential fatty acids than cow milk, with an improved lipid profile manifested by reducing cholesterol levels in the blood. In addition, it is rich in phospholipids, especially plasmalogens and sphingomyelin, suggesting that CM fat may meet the daily nutritional requirements of adults and infants. Thus, CM and its dairy products have become more attractive for consumers. In view of this, we performed a comprehensive review of CM fat’s composition and nutritional properties. The overall goal is to increase knowledge related to CM fat characteristics and modify its unfavorable perception. Future studies are expected to be directed toward a better understanding of CM fat, which appears to be promising in the design and formulation of new products with significant health-promoting benefits.

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Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2021.10587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Syamsul RAHMAN ◽

Salengke Salengke ◽

Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽

Meta MAHENDRADATTA

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

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IMPROVEMENT OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF FAT FROM THE LIVER OF THE BLACK SEA SHARK-KATRAN

Известия вузов. Пищевая технология ◽

10.26297/0579-3009.2018.1.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Е.Е. ИВАНОВА ◽

Е.А. ДУБИНЕЦ ◽

А.Л. БОЧАРОВА-ЛЕСКИНА

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Iodine Number ◽

Black Sea ◽

Liquid Fraction ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Biologically Active ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Biological Effectiveness

Для стабилизации показателя биологической эффективности исследована возможность повышения количества полиненасыщенных жирных кислот (ПНЖК) за счет снижения количества насыщенных жирных кислот (НЖК) в жирнокислотном составе жира из печени черноморской акулы-катрана в летний период вылова (с мая по октябрь). С целью повышения содержания омега-3 ПНЖК в продукте применен способ винтеризации. Кристаллизацию жира из печени акулы-катрана проводили в специальном охладителе при температуре от 0 до –5°С. Во время охлаждения жир медленно перемешивали (скорость вращения мешалки 20–25 об/мин) для равномерного охлаждения по всему объему. Полная кристаллизация НЖК при этих условиях проходила за 5–6 ч. Охлажденный жир немедленно направляли на осадительную центрифугу. В качестве параметров оптимизации процесса были выбраны: качество жира – прозрачность при температуре 15°С и степень ненасыщенности – йодное число жира. Установлено, что факторами, существенно влияющими на йодное число и органолептические показатели жира, являются: температура охлажденного жира, продолжительность центрифугирования, число оборотов барабана центрифуги. Для моделирования значений йодного числа и органолептического показателя в области изменения указанных факторов применена схема полного факторного двухуровневого эксперимента, в результате которого определены натуральные значения факторов, отвечающие наилучшему значению показателя качества жира: температура охлаждения жира –4°С, продолжительность центрифугирования 30 мин, частота вращения барабана центрифуги 6000 об/мин. Общая ненасыщенность жидкой фракции возросла с 122,2–138,0 до 131,0–145,0% йодного числа жира. Полученный очищенный жир был прозрачен, имел светло-желтый цвет, низкие значения кислотного и перекисного чисел. Содержание ПНЖК в полученном продукте увеличилось на 10–30%. Содержание неомыляемых веществ в нем, в том числе биологически активных веществ алкилглицеролов, при этом не снизилось. Биологическая эффективность жира увеличилась с 0,6 до 0,9. To stabilize the increased biological effectiveness the possibility of increasing the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) by reducing the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the fatty acid composition of fat from the liver of the black sea shark-katran in the summer fishing period (May – October) is investigated. With the aim of increasing the content of omega-3 PUFA in the product method of winterization was applied. Crystallization of fat from the liver of sharks-katran dogfish was conducted in a special chiller with temperature from 0 to –5°C. During cooling, the fat is slowly stirred (speed of rotation of the mixer 20–25 rpm) for uniform cooling throughout. Full crystallization of SFA under these conditions was held for 5–6 h. The cooled fat was immediately sent to precipitating in the centrifuge. Quality of fat – transparency at a temperature of 15°C and unsaturation – iodine number of fat was selected as the optimization parameters of the process. It is established that: the temperature of the refrigerated fat, the duration of centrifugation, the number of drum rotations of the centrifuge are factors that significantly affect the iodine number and the organoleptic indicators of fat. Scheme two-level full factorial experiment was applied for modeling the values of iodine number and organoleptic indicator in changing these factors. Natural values of factors corresponding to the best value of indicator of the quality of the fat: temperature of cooling fat –4°C, duration of centrifugation 30 min, and the speed of rotation of the drum centrifuge 6000 rpm were determined in the experiment. The result of this treatment, the total unsaturation of the liquid fraction increased from 122,2–138,0 up to 131,0–145,0% of iodine number. The purified obtained fat was transparent, had a light yellow color, low acid value and peroxide values. In the obtained product the content of PUFA increased by 10–30%. The content of unsaponifiables in it, including biologically active substances alkylglycerols, was not decreased. The biological effectiveness of fat increased from 0,6 to 0,9.

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Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy and Food Sources of Total Fat and Fatty Acids, and Relationships with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years: Results of the EsNuPI Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12082467 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2467

Author(s):

Casandra Madrigal ◽

María José Soto-Méndez ◽

Rosaura Leis ◽

Ángela Hernández-Ruiz ◽

Teresa Valero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Meat Products ◽

Food Sources ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Food And Agriculture Organization ◽

Total Fat

We aimed to determine the usual intake of total fat, fatty acids (FAs), and their main food sources in a representative cohort of the Spanish pediatric population aged 1 to <10 years (n = 707) who consumed all types of milk and an age-matched cohort who consumed adapted milk over the last year (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing-up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) (n = 741) who were participants in the EsNuPI study (in English, Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population). Dietary intake, measured through two 24 h dietary recalls, was compared to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) recommendations. Both cohorts showed a high intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), according to FAO recommendations, as there are no numerical recommendations for SFAs at EFSA. Also, low intake of essential fatty acids (EFAs; linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA)) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) of the n-3 series, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were observed according to EFSA and FAO recommendations. The three main sources of total fat and different FAs were milk and dairy products, oils and fats, and meat and meat products. The consumption of adapted milk was one of the main factors associated with better adherence to the nutritional recommendations of total fat, SFAs, EFAs, PUFAs; and resulted as the main factor associated with better adherence to n-3 fatty acids intake recommendations. Knowledge of the dietary intake and food sources of total fat and FAs in children could help in designing and promoting effective and practical age-targeted guidelines to promote the consumption of EFA- and n-3 PUFA-rich foods in this stage of life.

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Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Safety of Cooked Female Chaceon Maritae from Namibe (Angola)

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8070227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 227 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Celso Manuel Cristovão Mandume ◽

Narcisa M. Bandarra ◽

Joana Raimundo ◽

Helena Maria Lourenço ◽

Susana Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Edible Tissues ◽

Amino Acid Profiles ◽

Cadmium Lead

Despite being highly appreciated and consumed, the nutritional value of Chaceon maritae from Namibe (Angola) had never been studied. In the present work, edible tissues (muscle, ovaries, and hepatopancreas) of boiled female C. maritae caught off Namibe coast in two distinct seasons were analyzed in terms of proximate chemical composition (fat, ash, protein, and moisture), fatty acid and amino acid profiles, cholesterol, essential minerals (macro and trace) and toxic elements. Results showed that, in both seasons, C. maritae muscle was a valuable source of protein, essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and essential elements, especially zinc, selenium, iodine, and copper. Ovaries and hepatopancreas are also good sources of protein, but were richer in fat, particularly when caught in October. Ovarian fat is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and that of hepatopancreas has higher values of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Hepatopancreas and ovaries are also good sources of copper and, especially ovaries, of zinc. Moreover, in both seasons, all the edible tissues of C. maritae analyzed presented very low contents of heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic).

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Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy: Outcome Evaluation of the Nutrition Education Program Optimizing the Nutritional Value of Preschool Menus, Poland

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102438 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2438 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak ◽

Anna Harton

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Outcome Evaluation ◽

Energy Ratio ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Calcium Iron

Staff education can improve the quality of nutrition in childcare centers, but an objective assessment of the change is necessary to assess its effectiveness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the multicomponent educational program for improving the nutritional value of preschools menus in Poland measured by the change in nutrients content before (baseline) and 3–6 months after education (post-baseline). A sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 231 full-board government-sponsored preschools was analyzed twice: at baseline and post-baseline (in total 4620 inventory reports). The changes in 1. the supply of nutrients per 1 child per day; 2. the nutrient-to-energy ratio of menus; 3. the number of preschools serving menus consistent with the healthy diet recommendations, were assessed. Education resulted in favorable changes in the supply of energy, fat and saturated fatty acids. The nutrient-to-energy ratio for vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C, folate and minerals Calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc increased significantly. The percentage of preschools implementing the recommendations for energy, share of fat, saturated fatty acids and sucrose as well as calcium, iron and potassium increased significantly. However, no beneficial effects of education on the content of iodine, potassium, vitamin D and folate were observed. This study indicates the potentially beneficial effect of education in optimizing the quality of the menu in preschools. However, the magnitude of change is still not sufficient to meet the nutritional standards for deficient nutrients.

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