Electronic Nose Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-131
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Fan Gao ◽  
Xusheng Zhang ◽  
Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Electronic Nose System

In this chapter, the authors introduce three typical applications of electronic nose, including the diagnosis of lung cancer and gastrointestinal diseases and food freshness detection. Firstly, an electronic nose system intended for lung cancer screening employs semiconductor and electrochemical sensors to compose an array in a chamber to conduct breath analysis with pre-concentration and multiple desorption procedures. Secondly, a design of virtual electronic nose was presented to detect the concentration of hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide in breath for the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Finally, combined with the metal oxide semiconductor sensors and electrochemical sensors array, the small size electronic nose system is to identify the freshness and classify different kinds of food stored in the refrigerator.

Online breath analysis using metal oxide semiconductor sensors (electronic nose) for diagnosis of lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 016004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Kononov ◽  
Boris Korotetsky ◽  
Igor Jahatspanian ◽  
Anna Gubal ◽  
Alexey Vasiliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Semiconductor Sensors ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

scholarly journals Exo-miRNAs as a New Tool for Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orazio Fortunato ◽  
Patrizia Gasparini ◽  
Mattia Boeri ◽  
Gabriella Sozzi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
Different Cell Types

Lung cancer is the predominant cause of cancer-related deaths. The high mortality rates are mainly due to the lack of diagnosis before the cancer is at a late stage. Liquid biopsy is a promising technique that could allow early diagnosis of lung cancer and better treatment selection for patients. Cell-free microRNAs have been detected in biological fluids, such as serum and plasma, and are considered interesting biomarkers for lung cancer screening and detection. Exosomes are nanovesicles of 30–150 nm and can be released by different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. Their exosomal composition reflects that of their parental cells and could be potentially useful as a biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung cancer, focusing on their potential use in clinical practice. Moreover, we describe the importance of exosomal miRNA cargo in lung cancer detection and their potential role during lung carcinogenesis. Finally, we discuss our experience with the analysis of circulating exosomal miRNAs in the bioMILD screening trial.

scholarly journals Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test Result Is Associated with Age and Gender

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Newberry ◽  
Ann Tierney ◽  
Octavia Pickett-Blakely
Keyword(s):  
Breath Test ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is associated with chronic gastrointestinal diseases and structural/functional abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract. SIBO’s association with clinical characteristics is unclear. This study investigates the association between clinical factors and SIBO according to lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) result.Methods. A cross-sectional study in a university-based gastroenterology practice was performed. Data was abstracted from the medical records of subjects undergoing LHBT from 6/1/2009 to 6/1/2013. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between predictor variables: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and positive LHBT, the outcome of interest.Results. LHBT was performed in 791 subjects. Fifty-four percent had a positive LHBT. There was no statistically significant difference between the LHBT results according to age or BMI. In females, the likelihood of a positive LHBT increased with age (OR 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03). In males, the likelihood of a positive LHBT result decreased with age (OR 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–1.00).Conclusion. There was an association between age, with respect to sex, and a positive LHBT. With increased age in females, the odds of a positive LHBT increased, while, in men, the odds of a positive LHBT decreased with age.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE MOST MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
I. О. Vynnychenko ◽  
Yu. V. Moskalenko ◽  
O. І. Vynnychenko ◽  
M. Yu. Serdyuk ◽  
O. А. Ternovenko
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Screening Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is one of the major causes of death from malignancies. That is why the article devoted to the issue early diagnosis of lung cancer. The objective of the work is to consider the features and prospects of using the most modern methods of diagnosis of lung cancer. The introduction of the latest technologies is essential for quality screening of lung cancer patients. Gradually, there is a growing interest in developing strategies around the world to better assess the risk of human lung cancer, increase screening sensitivity, and reduce costs. The methods of early detection of lung cancer are described in the article: determination of the concentration of volatile organic compounds (LuCID method), endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS method), FISH-marker method, basic principles of the Nano-Nose device. Despite some advances in our country in the diagnosis of lung cancer using common advanced methods of computed tomography and biopsy, the introduction of foreign experience in lung cancer screening is necessary, because the current state-of-the-art methods of diagnosis allow to detect cancer.

scholarly journals Risk Factors, Treatment and Prognosis of Patients with Lung Cancer after Heart Transplantation

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1344
Author(s):  
Karsten M. Heil ◽  
Matthias Helmschrott ◽  
Fabrice F. Darche ◽  
Tom Bruckner ◽  
Philipp Ehlermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Long-term survival after heart transplantation (HTX) is impacted by adverse effects of immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy, and post-transplant lung cancer is a common occurrence. This study aimed to examine the risk factors, treatment, and prognosis of patients with post-transplant lung cancer. We included 625 adult patients who received HTX at Heidelberg Heart Center between 1989 and 2018. Patients were stratified by diagnosis and staging of lung cancer after HTX. Analysis comprised donor and recipient characteristics, medications including immunosuppressive drugs, and survival after diagnosis of lung cancer. A total of 41 patients (6.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer after HTX, 13 patients received curative care and 28 patients had palliative care. Mean time from HTX until diagnosis of lung cancer was 8.6 ± 4.0 years and 1.8 ± 2.7 years from diagnosis of lung cancer until last follow-up. Twenty-four patients (58.5%) were switched to an mTOR-inhibitor after diagnosis of lung cancer. Multivariate analysis showed recipient age (HR: 1.05; CI: 1.01–1.10; p = 0.02), COPD (HR: 3.72; CI: 1.88–7.37; p < 0.01), and history of smoking (HR: 20.39; CI: 2.73–152.13; p < 0.01) as risk factors for post-transplant lung cancer. Patients in stages I and II had a significantly better 1-year (100.0% versus 3.6%), 2-year (69.2% versus 0.0%), and 5-year survival (53.8% versus 0.0%) than patients in stages III and IV (p < 0.01). Given the poor prognosis of late-stage post-transplant lung cancer, routine reassessment of current smoking status, providing smoking cessation support, and intensified lung cancer screening in high-risk HTX recipients are advisable.

scholarly journals Development, validation, and evaluation of prediction models to identify individuals at high risk of lung cancer for screening in the English primary care population using the QResearch database: research protocol and statistical analysis plan

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqi Liao ◽  
Judith Burchardt ◽  
Carol Coupland ◽  
Fergus Gleeson ◽  
Julia Hippisley-Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Background and research aim: Lung cancer is a research priority in the UK. Early diagnosis of lung cancer can improve patients' survival outcomes. The DART-QResearch project is part of a larger academic-industrial collaborative initiative, using big data and artificial intelligence to improve patient outcomes with thoracic diseases. There are two general research aims in the DART-QResearch project: (1) to understand the natural history of lung cancer, (2) to develop, validate, and evaluate risk prediction models to select patients at high risk for lung cancer screening. Methods: This population-based cohort study uses the QResearch database (version 45) and includes patients aged between 25 and 84 years old and without a diagnosis of lung cancer at cohort entry (study period: 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2020). The team conducted a literature review (with additional clinical input) to inform the inclusion of variables for data extraction from the QResearch database. The following statistical techniques will be used for different research objectives, including descriptive statistics, multi-level modelling, multiple imputation for missing data, fractional polynomials to explore non-linear relationships between continuous variables and the outcome, and Cox regression for the prediction model. We will update our QCancer (lung, 10-year risk) algorithm, and compare it with the other two mainstream models (LLP and PLCOM2012) for lung cancer screening using the same dataset. We will evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the prediction models, and recommend the best one for lung cancer screening for the English primary care population. Discussion: The DART-QResearch project focuses on both symptomatic presentation and asymptomatic patients in the lung cancer care pathway. A better understanding of the patterns, trajectories, and phenotypes of symptomatic presentation may help GPs consider lung cancer earlier. Screening asymptomatic patients at high risk is another route to achieve earlier diagnosis of lung cancer. The strengths of this study include using large-scale representative population-based clinical data, robust methodology, and a transparent research process. This project has great potential to contribute to the national cancer strategic plan and yields substantial public and societal benefits through earlier diagnosis of lung cancer.

scholarly journals Meat and Fish Freshness Assessment by a Portable and Simplified Electronic Nose System (Mastersense)

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grassi ◽  
Benedetti ◽  
Opizzio ◽  
Nardo ◽  
Buratti
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
Electronic Nose System

The evaluation of meat and fish quality is crucial to ensure that products are safe and meet the consumers’ expectation. The present work aims at developing a new low-cost, portable, and simplified electronic nose system, named Mastersense, to assess meat and fish freshness. Four metal oxide semiconductor sensors were selected by principal component analysis and were inserted in an “ad hoc” designed measuring chamber. The Mastersense system was used to test beef and poultry slices, and plaice and salmon fillets during their shelf life at 4 °C, from the day of packaging and beyond the expiration date. The same samples were tested for Total Viable Count, and the microbial results were used to define freshness classes to develop classification models by the K-Nearest Neighbours’ algorithm and Partial Least Square–Discriminant Analysis. All the obtained models gave global sensitivity and specificity with prediction higher than 83.3% and 84.0%, respectively. Moreover, a McNemar’s test was performed to compare the prediction ability of the two classification algorithms, which resulted in comparable values (p > 0.05). Thus, the Mastersense prototype implemented with the K-Nearest Neighbours’ model is considered the most convenient strategy to assess meat and fish freshness.

scholarly journals Detection of Lung Cancer and EGFR Mutation by Electronic Nose System

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1544-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dekel Shlomi ◽  
Manal Abud ◽  
Ori Liran ◽  
Jair Bar ◽  
Naomi Gai-Mor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Electronic Nose System

scholarly journals Serum biomarkers for lung cancer screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Cristina Gonçalves de Aquino ◽  
Thais M. Guedes ◽  
Arthur Pires ◽  
Heraldo Possolo de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
Large Groups

Lung cancer is by far the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women. Screening patients at high risk of developing lung cancer is a worldwide priority, since it can be cured if diagnosed in early stages. Currently, screening in high risk individuals is made using low dose computed tomography, however, this method may lead to false-positive tests and overdiagnosis. The usefulness of serum biomarkers would be relevant in two situations: 1) the screening of large groups at high risk of developing lung cancer, where the biomarker should be very sensitive and 2) during the investigation of pulmonary nodules, where the biomarker should be very specific. Several serum biomarkers have been tested to work as biomarkers for lung cancer screening. Unfortunately, so far, none of them has come into current clinical practice. In this review, we analyze some of the serum biomarkers described in the last 10 years, evaluating their potential as tools to detect lung cancer, particularly in smokers. The use of serum biomarkers and imaging methods together seems to be a solution to early diagnosis of lung cancer, more efficient treatment and enhanced chance of cure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document