How the Greek Crisis Determined Firm Profitability and Optimal Debt Ratio

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Katsampoxakis ◽  
Haralampos Basdekis ◽  
Konstantinos Anathreptakis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Theoretical Relationship ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Greek Crisis ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Firm Profitability ◽  
Deep Recession

The goal of this chapter is to assess the influence of specific corporate and market features on Greek firms' profitability and the determination of the optimal debt ratio before and during the Greek crisis. The empirical results exhibit an average profitability of 6.97%, which varies significantly both between firms and during the time period examined. Another finding of this study is the verification of the theoretical relationship between the independent variables and Greek firms' profitability between 2005 and 2016. Related to the determination of the optimal debt ratio of Greek firms, the authors found that during the first sub-period examined (before the Greek economic crisis – 2005-2009), the results extracted are not consistent with the MM theory in contrary to the second sub-period (the period of the deep recession 2010-2016). During this period, the optimal debt ratio is estimated to be 40.9% and the turning point decreased considerably compared to the whole period sample (52.6%) 2005-2016.

scholarly journals Modeling Population Spatial-Temporal Distribution Using Taxis Origin and Destination Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3727
Author(s):  
Fatema Rahimi ◽  
Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki ◽  
Mostafa Ghodousi ◽  
Soo-Mi Choi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Temporal Modeling ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Proposed Model

During dangerous circumstances, knowledge about population distribution is essential for urban infrastructure architecture, policy-making, and urban planning with the best Spatial-temporal resolution. The spatial-temporal modeling of the population distribution of the case study was investigated in the present study. In this regard, the number of generated trips and absorbed trips using the taxis pick-up and drop-off location data was calculated first, and the census population was then allocated to each neighborhood. Finally, the Spatial-temporal distribution of the population was calculated using the developed model. In order to evaluate the model, a regression analysis between the census population and the predicted population for the time period between 21:00 to 23:00 was used. Based on the calculation of the number of generated and the absorbed trips, it showed a different spatial distribution for different hours in one day. The spatial pattern of the population distribution during the day was different from the population distribution during the night. The coefficient of determination of the regression analysis for the model (R2) was 0.9998, and the mean squared error was 10.78. The regression analysis showed that the model works well for the nighttime population at the neighborhood level, so the proposed model will be suitable for the day time population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Alternative Staining Method Using SYTO 13 to Determine Reticulated Platelets

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (05) ◽  
pp. 779-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hille ◽  
Marco Cederqvist ◽  
Julia Hromek ◽  
Christian Stratz ◽  
Dietmar Trenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reticulated Platelets ◽  
Automated Assay ◽  
Rna Quantification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Immature Platelet Fraction ◽  
Syto 13

AbstractReticulated platelets reflect the rate of platelet turnover and represent the youngest circulating platelets in peripheral blood. Reticulated platelets contain residual ribonucleic acid (RNA) from megakaryocytes which is lost in a time-dependent manner and can be transcribed into proteins even in the absence of a nucleus. An increased proportion of reticulated platelets is associated with higher platelet reactivity, cardiovascular events and mortality. At present, a fully automated assay system (SYSMEX haematology analyser) is available for analysis. This method, however, is not suitable for extended laboratory investigations like subsequent cell sorting. Flow cytometry analysis after staining with thiazole orange (TO) is frequently used in such settings despite several limitations. Here, we describe a new assay for determination of reticulated platelets by flow cytometry using the nucleic acid staining dye SYTO 13 and compare it with SYSMEX and TO staining as current standards. A significant correlation between immature platelet fraction (IPF) determined by SYSMEX XE-2100 analyser and results obtained with the SYTO 13-based assay was observed (r = 0.668, p < 0.001) which was stable during a reasonable time period. In contrast, the correlation between TO staining and IPF was weaker (r = 0.478, p = 0.029) and lost after 90 minutes of staining. SYTO 13 staining of platelets enabled sorting of RNAlow and RNArich platelets which was confirmed by RNA quantification of sorted platelets. Except for fixation of platelets, sorting of these platelet sub-populations was stable under various experimental settings. In summary, determination of reticulated platelets with the new SYTO 13 assay offers distinct technical advantages enabling further laboratory processing.

scholarly journals Implementation and application of E-technologies in enterprise environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Roman Malo
Keyword(s):  
Short Time Period ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
System A ◽  
Theoretical System ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Business Area ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Base Platform

Nowadays, a problem of an e- technologies’ implementation represents one of the most important questions that are being solved within various subjects from business area. With respect of massive implementation of activities as e- commerce, e- payments and others the e- technologies’ implementation is the progressive way of these subjects’ expansion. However, due to relatively short time period in which enterprise subjects have solved there is a set of vague aspects going together with this problem. The paper analyses the area of e- technologies and defines relations between basic concepts. Following this theoretical system a few hypothesis are constructed and used as a base platform for a determination of the logical model for implementation of e- technologies in enterprise environment.

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES DESIGN FOR ASSESSING PROFITABILITY DURING THE AUDITING OF HOUSING MANAGEMENT COMPANIES’ FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Sokolenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Management Company ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies approaches to the analytical procedures design for assessing profitability in auditing of housing and communal services management companies’ financial statements in order to increase the validity of the auditor's conclusion. The purpose of the article is to prove the usefulness of using analytical procedures for assessing profitability of management company’s financial statements during its auditing, formulating their tasks and directions of information and documentary support. It has been established that the use of economic and mathematical modeling and the calculation of the panel of profitability indicators as analytical procedures essentially make it possible to assess the management company activity efficiency, as well as use of resources, and the effectiveness of debt management. In article the auditor’s tasks of analytical procedures for assessing the profitability of housing and communal services management company were specified: 1) assessment of the management company’s profitability trend during the last reporting periods for establishing general trends in its performance and future activities development; 2) identification of factors that determine management company’s profitability changes over the analyzed time period, that will make it possible to record significant ones and describe potential threats to profitability; 3) determination of reserves for increasing profitability for specific business processes or types of activities; 4) establishing the impact of changes in profitability on the management company’s ability to ensure the continuous operation. A list of profitability indicators performance has been formed. They should be calculated in the path of analytical procedures. Also it is recommended to draw up a working document "Analytical procedures for assessing the profitability of a management company". Basing on the content of profitability indicators and the possibilities of their calculation in the auditor's analytical procedures, auditor’s considerations have been formulated. They should guide the auditor in interpreting the calculated indicators.

Changes in the properties of the developing trophoblast of preimplantation mouse embryos as revealed by aggregation studies

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Paul S. Burgoyne ◽  
Thomas Ducibella
Keyword(s):  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

Mouse embryos (8-cell to early blastocyst) were denuded with pronase, and apposed in pairs which represented a wide range of stage combinations. These pairs either formed aggregates which differentiated into double-sized blastocysts, or they failed to aggregate. The 8–16-cell stages would not envelop late morulae/early blastocysts to form layered aggregates. This must mean that as the embryo differentiates into a blastocyst, the outer surface of the trophoblast loses its capacity for supporting cell spreading. The aggregation data also demonstrate that embryos almost completely lose their potential for aggregation at a very discrete stage in development – namely, between 8 and 9 h before blastocoel formation. It is argued that this is the stage at which the zonular tight junctional seal is completed, and that it is this physical barrier which prevents aggregation. It has been argued previously that the zonular tight junctional seal allows the creation of the special microenvironment which is necessary for the determination of the inner cells as inner cell mass. The completion of this seal 8–9 h before it is required for the formation of a blastocoel would provide a suitable time period for this cell determination to occur. The results obtained also relate to the technique of chimera production. Since the aim of this technique is to generate mice with mixed cell populations, it is important that the blastocyst formed following aggregation should have both cell lines present in the inner cell mass. This can best be assured by using relatively late morula stages (75 h post-HCG injection) since these will have already segregated their inner cells, but the incomplete seal will still allow aggregation to take place.

Active Commuting to School Among 36, 781 Spanish Children and Adolescents: A Temporal Trend Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gálvez-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Herrador-Colmenero ◽  
Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽  
José Castro-Piñero ◽  
Javier Molina-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Active Commuting To School ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Abstract Background Active commuting to school (ACS) is an important source to increase the total daily physical activity in youth and improve their health. How the ACS rates change along the time is of interest. The objective of this study was to examine trends in the rates of ACS in a large sample of Spanish children and adolescents aged 6–18 years from 2010 to 2017. The study period included the economic crisis in Spain (2008 to 2013) and secondary analysis was conducted to compare ACS rates during and after the economic crisis. Methods To investigate trends in ACS among Spanish children and adolescents, data were obtained from 28 studies conducted across Spain. The study sample comprised 18,343 children (6 to 11.9 years old; 50.5% girls) and 18,438 adolescents (12 to 18 years old; 49.5% girls). The overall trends in ACS were evaluated using multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results The rates of ACS in Spanish children and adolescents did not change significantly during the 2010–2017 period, except a sporadic increase in the rate of ACS in adolescents in 2012–2013. No significant association between the ACS and the economic crisis time period in either children or adolescents were found. These findings are in contrast to recently reported declines in ACS rates in other countries. Conclusions Strong partnerships between researchers, public health practitioners, policy-makers and communities, as well as long-term commitment and evaluations of interventions aiming to increase ACS are necessary to ensure positive results in the long term.

Financial Nexus

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-129
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Bank Soundness

This book chapter investigates the financial nexus generated by bank soundness, concentration, and efficiency in the banking sector, as well as the development of the capital markets. The selected databases includes the time period between 1997 and 2010 for a large sample of 63 developed and developing countries. The empirical findings suggested that bank performance has a high impact on the relation between soundness, structural and functional characteristics of the banking sector. The econometric framework is complex and the empirical results appear to be robust for various measures of the selected variables and for distinct estimation techniques.

Part I Rationales for State Aid Rules, 2 Evolution of Aid in the EU: Classifying Different Types of Countries, and the Financial and Economic Crisis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreuschitz Viktor ◽  
Nehl Hanns Peter
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Aggregate Data ◽  
European Market ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Single European Market ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the evolution of (non-crisis) aid in the EU-27 since 1992, which serves as a basis to assess the similarities and differences between the practices of granting aid in EU Member States. Aggregate data for the EU-27 as a whole suggests that Member States have given a smaller percentage of their GDP as aid over time, which might be regarded as reflective of the view that they are accepting the need for its reduction and its control in the single European market. While declining in the first half of the 1990s, aid levels peaked in 1997, only to be reduced by 1999. This can be explained based on the new regulations that were pursued during the time period, which resulted in broader definitions by the Commission and tighter control.

Determination of Time Dependent Diffusion Coefficient Aging Factor of HPC Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Tran ◽  
Pratanu Ghosh ◽  
Petr Lehner ◽  
Petr Konečný
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Chloride Ingress ◽  
Bulk Conductivity ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Aging Factor

This study investigates computation and distribution of the diffusion coefficient using fundamentals of electrochemistry for various concrete mixtures. The instrument utilized is a bulk conductivity meter which provides the bulk conductivity data for computation of the diffusion coefficient. Thirty three mixtures are investigated, where majority of them are ternary mixtures along with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and binary mixtures. They are categorized in several groups based on the supplementary cementitious material (SCM) as a second component in ternary and binary based concrete mixtures. The variation and distribution of the diffusion coefficient in individual group is investigated from 7 days to 161 days. In addition, a new methodology is proposed to determine the aging factor of the diffusion coefficient of each concrete mixture. Aging of concrete is related to chloride ingress which leads to significant decrease of the diffusion coefficient with time. If this effect is not taken into account, considerable questions can be raised while predicting reliable and accurate service life of reinforced concrete structures. Further, aging factor is validated using a statistical analysis method based on published literature of Fisher Test permutation approach. Results show that diffusion coefficient in each group varies significantly and the addition of SCM and its varying replacement level influences the reduction of the diffusion coefficient remarkably over extended time period. Overall, this study could provide promising options for computation of the diffusion coefficient and its aging factor in light to its ease of measurement and shorter amount of time than conventional RCPT and other long term migration tests.

scholarly journals Relation of glacier variations to climate changes in Iceland

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddur Sigurdsson ◽  
Trausti Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Summer Temperature ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Maximum Extension ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Southern Central

Glacier variations in Iceland have been recorded systematically since the 1930s at 27 different glacier termini. The advance/retreat records of non-surging glaciers show a clear relationship to climate. A change in the climate typically leads to a response at the snout within a time period of 10 years. The records of surge-type and mixed-type glaciers show variations that are unrelated to climate. However, the maximum extension of surge-type glaciers at the end of surges and the minimum extension just before a surge appear to be influenced by long-term climate changes. A strong warming in the 1920s was a turning-point in the climate of Iceland which led to a rapid retreat of most glaciers in the country in the 1930s. The summer temperature fell gradually after 1940, with a notable drop in the mid-1960s. Since about 1970, more than half of the glaciers in Iceland have been advancing. In the western part of the country, the recovery is about one-quarter of the ground lost and in the southern, central and northern parts it is about one-half. In southeastern Iceland, some of the glaciers have been stationary for about 30 years while others have advanced slightly. Glacier snow-budget index computed from meteorological data indicates that the timing of the turning-point around 1970 coincides with a minimum in the cumulative net glacier mass balance.

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