Role of Nutraceuticals in Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 388-406
Author(s):  
Kiran Dahiya ◽  
Rakesh Dhankhar
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer

Nutraceuticals are increasingly becoming popular for prevention and treatment of cancer. Association of adverse effects with standard treatment modalities of cancer has led to consideration of safer approaches. Nutraceuticals may help in prevention of cancer as well as in treatment and avoidance of side effects associated with chemo-radiation. The active components of nutraceuticals are known as phytochemicals. Many mechanisms have been put forward for the actions of these phytochemicals but an exact mechanism for a well defined role of a particular phytochemical in a specific type of cancer is yet to be elucidated. Thus, nutraceutical industry has emerged as a research oriented sector. It is important for the healthcare professionals to understand the categories, research developments, mechanism of action and areas of concern in the field of nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude of Nursing Students toward Electroconvulsive Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S007-S012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitasha Sharma ◽  
Sandhya Ghai ◽  
Sandeep Grover
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

ABSTRACT Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the commonly used treatment modalities for patients with severe mental disorders. However, acceptance of ECT by the patient and relatives often depends on how the health-care professionals themselves present the treatment modality to the patients and their relatives. There is a lack of information about the knowledge and attitude toward ECT among health professionals. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge about and attitude toward ECT among nursing students. Methodology: Knowledge of and attitudes toward ECT among nursing students were assessed using ECT knowledge and attitude questionnaires. Results: The study included 183 nursing students. Majority (n = 62; 60.8%) of the participants obtained information about ECT from media (movies, television, print media, etc.). None of the students had full knowledge about ECT. Although a significant proportion of students had knowledge about the ECT procedure and consent procedure, majority of them had poor knowledge about the effectiveness, mechanism of action, indications, and side effects of ECT. Negative attitudes were also highly prevalent, with more than two-thirds of the participants having negative attitudes toward ECT on more than half of the attitude items of the scale. Total knowledge score positively correlated with total attitude score, suggesting that higher knowledge was associated with more positive attitude. Conclusions: Although nursing students have knowledge about basic ECT procedure and consent, they lack knowledge about the effectiveness, mechanism of action, indications, and side effects of ECT. Negative attitude toward ECT is also highly prevalent among nursing students. Accordingly, there is a need to improve the knowledge and address the negative attitude of nursing students, which may ultimately lead to better acceptance of the treatment.

Defining the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (14) ◽  
pp. 1529-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Ronchetti ◽  
Graziella Migliorati ◽  
Stefano Bruscoli ◽  
Carlo Riccardi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

An established body of knowledge and clinical practice has argued in favor of the use of glucocorticoids in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the very well-known adverse effects associated with their treatment hampers continuation of therapy with glucocorticoids. Analyses of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of glucocorticoids have led to the discovery of several mediators that add complexity and diversity to the puzzling world of these hormones and anti-inflammatory drugs. Such mediators hold great promise as alternative pharmacologic tools to be used as anti-inflammatory drugs with the same properties as glucocorticoids, but avoiding their metabolic side effects. This review summarizes findings about the molecular targets and mediators of glucocorticoid function.

scholarly journals Role of Natural Stilbenes in the Prevention of Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Antoni Sirerol ◽  
María L. Rodríguez ◽  
Salvador Mena ◽  
Miguel A. Asensi ◽  
José M. Estrela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Improve Stability

Natural stilbenes are an important group of nonflavonoid phytochemicals of polyphenolic structure characterized by the presence of a 1,2-diphenylethylene nucleus. Stilbenes have an extraordinary potential for the prevention and treatment of different diseases, including cancer, due to their antioxidant, cell death activation, and anti-inflammatory properties which associate with low toxicity underin vivoconditions. This review aims to discuss various approaches related to their mechanisms of action, pharmacological activities in animal models and humans, and potential chemoprevention in clinical studies. The biological activity of natural stilbenes is still incompletely understood. Furthermore, after administration to animals or humans, these molecules are rapidly metabolized. Thus pharmacokinetics and/or activities of the natural structures and their metabolites may be very different. Novel drug formulations have been postulated in order to improve stability and bioavailability, to minimize side effects, and to facilitate interaction with their domains in target proteins. These pharmacological improvements should lead stilbenes to become effective candidates as anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals The Role of Phlebotomy (Fasd) and Wet Cupping (Hijamat) to Manage Dizziness and Vertigo From the Viewpoint of Persian Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Kordafshari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shams Ardakani ◽  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Esfahani ◽  
Esmaeil Nazem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Persian Medicine

Dizziness and vertigo are the most common complaints of patients that has a high economic burden on the health system. In modern medicine, treatment for dizziness and vertigo consists of chemical pharmacological therapy. Although these drugs are useful in controlling the disease, their side effects and inefficiency in full control of the disease require the use of complementary medicine in this field. Persian medicine consists of valuable experiences of Persian medicine scholars based on the theory of humors and temperaments. In Persian medicine, 2 types of disease are presented: dizziness ( sadar) and vertigo ( dovar). Persian medicine physicians expressed a different mechanism of action than modern medicine for these diseases. They believed that accumulation of abnormal humors, reeh (normal bloating) or causative pathologic substances, is the basic cause of sadar and dovar and that the most important treatment is cleansing the body, particularly the head from accumulated substances by bloodletting methods.

scholarly journals The role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis, staging and choice of therapeutic conduct in pregnancy associated breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Iulian Goidescu ◽  
Georgiana Nemeti ◽  
Gabriela Caracostea ◽  
Dan Tudor Eniu ◽  
Angelica Chiorean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities ◽  
In Pregnancy

Breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is at increasing incidence due to the increased frequency of obesity, the postponement of the first pregnancy to later decades of life and the advances of diagnostic techniques. Clinical and imaging diagnosis is difficult during gestation due to adaptive changes of the maternal organism , the mammary glads in particular. Furthermore, the therapeutic approach is limited both by the possible side effects on the fetus and by the skepticism of the couple over these therapeutic regimens.The present paper aims to review the main diagnostic steps to confirm pregnancy associated breast cancer, as well as the therapeutic possibilities during this period, related to the potential adverse effects concerning pregnancy

Psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression: How do we advance the field?

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally E Meikle ◽  
Paul Liknaitzky ◽  
Susan L Rossell ◽  
Margaret Ross ◽  
Nigel Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Psychedelic Drugs ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Potential Use

In the quest for new treatment options for depression, attention is being paid to the potential role of psychedelic drugs. Psilocybin is of particular interest given its mechanism of action, its benefits in early trials and its relatively low side effects burden. This viewpoint outlines a number of key issues that remain to be elucidated about its potential use in the clinical environment, including clarification of the profile of people most likely to benefit and those who might experience adverse effects, longer-term outcomes and the role of psychotherapeutic input alongside the drug itself. There are also opportunities to understand better, the neurobiology underpinning its effects.

Role of Ilaj Bit Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy) in Waja-ul-Mafasil (Osteoarthritis): A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Sayyed Adnan Mohammad ◽  
Mujassam M
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Key Words Osteoarthritis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
All Treatment

Osteoarthritis is the commonest of all joint diseases. It results due to breakdown and destruction of joint tissues. The clinical picture of osteoarthritis strongly resembles with Waja-ul-Mafasil which has been elaborated in detail by Unani physicians. Considering the high prevalence, side effects of modern pharmacological treatment and high cost of surgical interventions with equivocal effectiveness of all treatment modalities, there is need for safe, economic and effective treatment in Unani Medicine for osteoarthritis. Unani System of Medicine has Ilaj Bit Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy) as one of the modes of treatment. The Regimenal Therapy works on the principle of modifying or modulating the six essential factors (Asbaab-e-sittah zarooriya) for maintenance of health and prevention from diseases. Nowadays Regimenal Therapy holds an important place in Unani Medicine particularly for musculoskeletal and nervous disorders. The focus of this paper is to discuss and summarize the role of Ilaj bit Tadbeer in the management of Waja-ul-Mafasil. Key words: Osteoarthritis, Waja-ul-Mafasil, Unani System of Medicine, Ilaj Bit Tadbeer, Regimenal Therapy.

Analgesics

2013 ◽  
pp. 600-606
Author(s):  
Joanne Foo ◽  
Benazir Saleem ◽  
Philip G. Conaghan
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Target Action

Pain is one of the commonest presenting symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders and may be one the hardest to treat successfully. The available analgesic options provide different modes of action and their ranks continue to expand with new agents, some with multiple target action. This chapter reviews currently available analgesics (paracetamol and opioids) used for managing musculoskeletal pain and the agents used for neuropathic pain, including their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and side effects. The role of neuroleptic agents is reviewed, and a brief outline of some newer therapies for the treatment of pain such as tapentadol, and a potential therapy, anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibodies.

Anti-atherosclerotic effects of spice-derived phytochemicals

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesheh Enayati ◽  
Thomas P. Johnston ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Dietary Spices ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Atherosclerosis is characterized by oxidized lipid deposition, and inflammation in the arterial wall and represents a significant problem in public health and medicine. Some dietary spices have been widely used in many countries; however, the mechanism of their action as it relates to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis is still poorly understood. In this review, we focus on the properties of various spice-derived active ingredients used in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, as well as associated atherosclerotic risk factors. We provide a summary of the mechanisms of action, epidemiological analyses, and studies of various components of spice used in the clinic, animal models, and cell lines related to atherosclerosis. Most notably, we focused on mechanisms of action by which these spice-derived compounds elicit their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, as well as their involvement in selected biochemical and signal transduction pathways. It is suggested that future research should aim to design well-controlled clinical trials and more thoroughly investigate the role of spices and their active components in the prevention/treatment of atherosclerosis. Based on this literature review, it appears that spices and their active components are well tolerated and have few adverse side effects and, therefore, provide a promising adjunctive treatment strategy for patients with atherosclerosis.

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