Perceptions of F/OSS Community

2007 ◽  
pp. 68-94
Author(s):  
Andrew Schofield ◽  
Grahame S. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Support Provision

The role of online communities is a key element in free and open source software (F/OSS) and a primary factor in the success of the F/OSS development model. F/OSS communities are inter-networked groups of people who are united by a common interest in F/OSS software. This chapter addresses holistic issues pertaining to member participation in F/OSS communities, specifically considering their reasons and motivation for participating. It collates the relevant literature on F/OSS community participation and presents the results of an empirical study into members’ perceptions of their own participation. We identify primary reasons for participation such as problem solving, support provision, and social interaction and rank their importance by the participants’ preferences. We then separate development and support activities and compare the community members’ perceptions of the two. Finally, we draw conclusions and discuss the potential for future research in this area.

scholarly journals The Role of Mental Effort in Fostering Self-Regulated Learning with Problem-Solving Tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara van Gog ◽  
Vincent Hoogerheide ◽  
Milou van Harsel
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Task Sequence ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
And Mathematics

Abstract Problem-solving tasks form the backbone of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) curricula. Yet, how to improve self-monitoring and self-regulation when learning to solve problems has received relatively little attention in the self-regulated learning literature (as compared with, for instance, learning lists of items or learning from expository texts). Here, we review research on fostering self-regulated learning of problem-solving tasks, in which mental effort plays an important role. First, we review research showing that having students engage in effortful, generative learning activities while learning to solve problems can provide them with cues that help them improve self-monitoring and self-regulation at an item level (i.e., determining whether or not a certain type of problem needs further study/practice). Second, we turn to self-monitoring and self-regulation at the task sequence level (i.e., determining what an appropriate next problem-solving task would be given the current level of understanding/performance). We review research showing that teaching students to regulate their learning process by taking into account not only their performance but also their invested mental effort on a prior task when selecting a new task improves self-regulated learning outcomes (i.e., performance on a knowledge test in the domain of the study). Important directions for future research on the role of mental effort in (improving) self-monitoring and self-regulation at the item and task selection levels are discussed after the respective sections.

The Role of Fluid Mechanics in Atherogenesis

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Nerem ◽  
J. F. Cornhill
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State University ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
The Many

A specialists meeting on “The Role of Fluid Mechanics in Atherogenesis” was held August 24–25, 1978, at The Ohio State University. This meeting was a followup to a similar meeting held in 1974 [1, 2]. The present status of our knowledge of the importance of fluid mechanics in the initiation and progression of arterial lesions is summarized on the basis of the experimental data presented at the meeting; no attempt is made to provide a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. Three basic aspects are addressed: firstly, the localization of arterial lesions; secondly, the local hemodynamics of arterial segments with a high predilection to the development of lesions; and thirdly, the interaction of hemodynamic factors with the arterial wall. The many unresolved questions, apparently conflicting experimental data and areas in need of future research on the role of fluid mechanics in atherogenesis are identified specifically.

scholarly journals Political Skill and Career Success: A Review and Directions for Future Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Luo Fan ◽  
Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Major Data

The determinants of career success have been widely investigated in the extant literature.This paper aims to review the empirical studies on the role of political skill in determining careersuccess. Major data bases like science direct, emerald insight, sage and springer were searchedfor finding out the relevant studies. The findings of each empirical study along with the contextand brief methodological information have been given. Through this review, it was surfaced thatthe underlying mechanisms in the political skill-career success relationship need to be exploredfurther, and the dimensional analysis of political skill should be conducted.

Does Anybody Read SMS-Advertising?

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Gauzente
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Ambivalent Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

This study explores mobile users’ perceptions about SMS advertising. The empirical study uses a double methodology. First, a qualitative study using the Q-method is conducted. Qualitative analysis reveals that negative attitudes are commonly shared, and that ad-clutter is perceived critically. Therefore, in a second step, a quantitative study is adopted to assess the impact of attitudes towards SMS advertising and perceived ad-clutter on reading behaviour. The main test is conducted over a representative sample of 302 mobile owners. From a behavioural standpoint, the results show ambivalent behaviour in most cases. In particular, the role of perceived ad-clutter is ascertained. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.

Multiple Sclerosis and Exercise

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert I. Karpatkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Training ◽  
Exercise Guidelines

Compared with other neurologic disorders, relatively little literature exists to define or support the role of exercise in MS. This review describes issues relating to exercise in patients with MS, discusses relevant literature, offers exercise guidelines for persons with MS, and suggests topics for future research. Unique aspects of MS that affect physical therapy are addressed, including disease progression, fatigue, and thermosensitivity. Review of the literature includes discussion of strength training, aerobic exercise, and respiratory training. While physical activity was once contraindicated in persons with MS, current literature supports its therapeutic benefits in these patients. More research could be focused on the specific types of exercise appropriate for this patient population.

Community marketing: serving the base of the economic pyramid sustainably

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhi Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Community Marketing

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge the importance of community networks in distribution of services and to present a conceptual framework outlining the antecedents and consequences of community marketing. Developing countries represent large untapped markets at the bottom of economic pyramid which is not serviced by conventional products using traditional marketing channels. Organisations are increasing looking at involving local community and broad range of partners called “Community Marketing” in this paper as a viable channel to expand their market by reaching out to this segment. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology for this paper involves in-depth study of the relevant literature on role of community networks and highlighting the noteworthy findings of other researchers. Although role of community networks has been widely studied in consumer goods, little has been researched on services. The study draws from cases of mobile financial services in India to develop a framework. Findings – The findings include the conceptual framework and the pre-requisites for adoption of community marketing for achieving business sustainability. Originality/value – This paper presents the framework and the steps pertaining to community marketing that can be adopted by organisations to reach out to a large under-served market at the base of economic pyramid. This paper synthesises extant knowledge on the subject and provides a foundation for future research by building a discussion on construct’s domain and developing research propositions.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Comparative Empirical Study of Selected Developed and Developing Countries. “The Role of Exergy”

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Arango-Miranda ◽  
Robert Hausler ◽  
Rabindranarth Romero-Lopez ◽  
Mathias Glaus ◽  
Sara Ibarra-Zavaleta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Future Research

Diverse factors may have an impact in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; thus, three main contributors, energy consumption, gross domestic product (GDP) and an exergy indicator are examined in this work. This study explores the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption by means of the hypothesis postulated for the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Panel data for ten countries, from 1971 to 2014 have been studied. Despite a wide gamma of research on the EKC, the role of an exergy variable has not been tested to find the EKC; for this reason, exergy analysis is proposed. Exergy analyses were performed to propose an exergetic indicator as a control variable and a comparative empirical study is developed to study a multivariable framework with the aim to detect correlations between them. High correlation between CO2, GDP, energy consumption, energy intensity and trade openness are observed, on the other hand not statistically significant values for trade openness and energy intensity. The results do not support the EKC hypothesis, however exergy intensity opens the door for future research once it proves to be a useful control variable. Exergy provides opportunities to analyze and implement energy and environmental policies in these countries, with the possibility to link exergy efficiencies and the use of renewables.

Towards an Integrated Model of Knowledge Sharing in Software Development

2009 ◽  
pp. 1714-1741
Author(s):  
Karlheinz Kautz ◽  
Annemette Kjærgaard
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Relationship

This article adds to the discussion on knowledge management (KM) by focusing on the process of knowledge sharing as a vital part of KM. The article focuses on the relationship between knowledge, learning, communication, and participation in action, and the role of social interaction and technical media in the knowledge sharing process. We develop an initial theoretical framework of knowledge sharing on the basis of a literature study. Drawing on an empirical study of knowledge sharing in a software development company, we discuss what supports and what hinders knowledge sharing in software development. Finally, we use this knowledge to improve the theoretical framework.

From cooperation to competition: an interaction-based contingency theory of communities of practice

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Britt
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Contingency Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internal Competition ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework that explains the roles and viability of both cooperation and competition as they emerge in communities of practice. Although the usefulness of cooperation in communities of practice is well-understood, few studies have considered the role of internal competition, and those that have generally only explored cases in which antagonistic behavior led to the community’s collapse. Design/methodology/approach A contingency theory of communities of practice is developed based on the manifestations of members’ participation. Findings This theory demonstrates the root causes of fracturing and also provides a foundation for studying communities of practice that have previously defied explanation. Research limitations/implications This manuscript explains the potential role and limitations of internal competition in communities of practice, as well as the emergence of subgroups based on differing preferences for cooperation and/or competition. Future research should examine the manifestation and ramifications of such individual differences between community members. Practical implications Practitioners can use this theoretical framework to assess communities of practice that they oversee, diagnose potential pitfalls and take corrective action to mitigate potentially toxic influences or inject additional motivating forces that would sustain the community. Originality/value This theoretical framework diverges from previous assumptions that internal competition is necessarily toxic for communities of practice, showing the value that it may offer in some contexts.

scholarly journals The Relationship Problem Solving (RePS) Model: How Partners Influence One Another to Resolve Relationship Problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-77
Author(s):  
Levi R. Baker ◽  
James K. McNulty
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relationship Problems ◽  
Interpersonal Behaviors ◽  
Relationship Problem ◽  
Problem Solving Process ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Novel Model

In this article, we synthesize existing literatures across numerous domains to introduce a novel model—the Relationship Problem Solving (RePS) model—for understanding the process through which romantic partners influence one another to resolve relationship problems. The first section briefly describes the key constructs and stages of the model. The second section details the interpersonal behaviors that influence various intrapersonal factors (e.g., affect, self-efficacy) that ultimately influence partners’ motivation and ability to progress through the stages of the model. The third section uses the model to generate novel predictions that suggest that the effectiveness of these interpersonal behaviors often depends on contextual factors. Finally, the fourth section discusses the implications of this model for understanding relationship problem solving, highlights the need to consider the role of context in the problem-solving process, and offers numerous specific predictions to be addressed by future research.

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