ICT and Local Governance

2011 ◽  
pp. 232-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Finquelievich
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Urban Affairs ◽  
Community Organisations ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Electronic Community

Argentina is slowly walking along the path of ICT uses for social and civic purposes. Local governments and community organisations are understanding the potential advantages of Community Informatics, and facing a myriad of prejudices and material obstacles to implement it. This chapter shows the first results of a three-year research on the subject of information technology, local governance, and community networks in the City of Buenos Aires. It deals with two intimately interrelated issues: a) Local government’s use of ICT for local management and communication with citizens: results and obstacles. The government is opening slowly to the use of ICT to decentralise urban functions, increase the flow of horizontal institutional information, update urban management, inform the citizens, and increase public participation in urban affairs. However, prejudices, fear of technology, and above all a resilient institutional culture are still considerable obstacles for informatization. The paper surveys the technological changes implemented by the Government of Buenos Aires City and studies the social actors who were responsible for them, as well as the social processes that made them possible, as a necessary framework to understand the slow development of electronic community networks. b) Emerging Electronic Community Networks. From 1997 onwards, they have multiplied in various sectors: education, culture, community health and wellness, citizens’ rights, participation in urban affairs. The chapter studies the local particularities of community, focusing on the differences between large and small community organisations, and their conceptions of time and space, linked to the use of on-line resources. It finishes by analysing the link between the local governmental context referring the use of ICT and the slow emergence of electronic community networks.

scholarly journals THE STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTREPRISE BUSINESS INSTITUTION TOWARD REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

AdBispreneur ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Global Era ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Marketing Information

ABSTRACTThe implementation of “business not as usual” on the MP3EI 2011 – 2015 was held to optimize the potential of regional commodities that can increase the regional values. This research was conducted to search for the potential of UMKM in developing the potential commodities of Lampung province. The problems related to the commodities development consists of setting up the potential commodities which as based on the production copacity, so that it is difficult for those local governments to stimulate the coomdities development.The research method was qualitative method and data collected through   literature reviews and analysis of competitive advantage. The results of the research were 1) there are high potential of UMKM development, 2)UMKM should be developed in accordance with the local culture and regional commodities, 3) UMKM plays an important role in solving the social problems such as creating employment, 4) the development of human resources, technology, capital, marketing, information and management plays an important role in the development micro business, 5) the natural resources, human resources, and the world market in the global era would be a high potential if it is designed and the initiation strategy consists of the government network, NGO, private institution, individual and groups, which is managed effectively. Keywords : strategy, business institutions, competitivve advantages   STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING LEMBAGA BISNIS UMKM TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH ABSTRAKPenerapan “business not as usual” pada MP3EI 2011-2025 dilakukan dengan menggali dan mengoptimalkan potensi unggulan daerah yang dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji potensi Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam mengembangkan komoditas unggulan di Provinsi Lampung. Permasalahan terkait dengan pengembangan komoditas unggulan yang hanya didasarkan pada kapasitas produksi, sehingga menyulitkan bagi pemerintah daerah untuk menstimulir pengembangan komoditas unggulannya.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif  dan data yang dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan analisis keunggulan bersaing. Hasil penelitian adalah, Pertama; potensi pengembangan UMKM di daerah sangat besar. Kedua, pengembangan UMKM harus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan budaya lokal dan potensi yang dimiliki oleh daerah yang bersangkutan. Ketiga, sektor UMKM ini sangat berperan dalam menanggulangi masalah sosial di daerah dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja yang sangat tinggi. Keempat, peranan peningkatan SDM, pemanfaatan teknologi, akses permodalan, akses pemasaran, akses informasi, dan manajemen sangat penting dalam mengembangkan usaha mikro. Kelima; Sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia serta pasar dunia  yang semakin terbuka pada era global merupakan potensi  besar jika disain dan strategi replikasi yang meliputi kerjasama jaringan (network) pemerintah, LSM, lembaga swasta dan individu maupun kelompok dikelola secara efektif dalam bentuk kemitraan. Kata kunci :strategi,lembaga bisnis, keunggulan bersaing,

Policing and Regulating Commercial Sex in Taiwan: A Review from Gender, Culture and Legal Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-263
Author(s):  
Chih-Chieh (Carol) LIN ◽  
Fang-Yi SU ◽  
Ping-Hsuan CHUNG
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Gender Culture ◽  
Order Maintenance ◽  
Historical View ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

AbstractCommercial sex has been a complex and controversial issue in Taiwan. It was banned several times and finally partially legalized in law when the Congress finally amended Article 80 of the Social Order Maintenance Law and authorized local governments to establish red-light districts. Unfortunately, in reality, until now, no local government has established a red-light district. Therefore, all commercial sex is still illegal in Taiwan. By reviewing this issue from gender, culture, and legal perspectives, this paper discusses the regulation of commercial sex in Taiwan in three parts. In the first part, this paper provides a historical view of the development of commercial sex and how the government regulated it in different periods. In the second part, this paper introduces the debate and various perspectives of feminist legal theories on this issue. Finally, compared with the regulation models of Japan and Singapore, this paper proposes an empowerment approach in response to the current Social Order Maintenance Law. Focusing on sex workers’ autonomy and subjectivity, the new approach hopes to balance the interests between the rights of sex workers and the needs of social order and public health.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Sustainable Capacity Building for Decentralization (SCBD) Project in Banjarnegara Regency

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Widjonarko - ◽  
Brotosunaryo
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Institutional Capacity Building ◽  
Sustainable Capacity

The Sustainable Capacity Building for Decentralization (SCBD) project funded by the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB) aimed to strengthen the capacity of local governments in Indonesia.Banjarnegara Regency was selected by the ministry of internal affairs for the implementation ofthe project. The SCBD Project in Banjarnegara consists of five components including frameworkof capacity building, institutional capacity building, human resources management, humanresources development and sustainable financial and budgeting. This project will is held in fiveyears using two funding schemes phases, donor funded the first 3 years (2009‐2011), thencontinued by the local government of Banjarnegara. During the 2009‐2011period, the projecthas finished all five components, PMU then conducted evaluation to ensure achievement of theSCBD’s main goal: strengthening local governance for delivering good public services. The expostevaluation method used to evaluate the SCBD Project for short term outcomes found thatthe project hasn’t directly improved the public services performance even having completed allfive components of the project. Most people in Banjarnegara Regency felt no significantimprovement of public services provided by the government. The ineffectiveness of publicservices can be understood, because not all of the components of the SCBD project had beenthoroughly implemented at local government level. Moreover, many activities of the projecttend to overlap implying lack of coordination among the project implementation units.Key words: evaluation, SCBD

How to strengthen the social media interactivity of e-government

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaoling Hao ◽  
Daqing Zheng ◽  
Qingfeng Zeng ◽  
Weiguo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Popular Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Government

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how to use social media in e-government to strengthen interactivity between government and the general public. Design/methodology/approach – Categorizing the determinants to interactivity covering depth and breadth into two aspects that are the structural features and the content features, this study employs general linear model and ANOVA method to analyse 14,910 posts belonged to the top list of the 96 most popular government accounts of Sina, one of the largest social media platforms in China. Findings – The main findings of the research are that both variables of the ratio of multimedia elements, and the ratio of external links have positive effects on the breadth of interactivity, while the ratio of multimedia features, and the ratio of originality have significant effects on the depth of interactivity. Originality/value – The contributions are as follows. First, the authors analyse the properties and the topics of government posts to draw a rich picture of how local governments use the micro-blog as a communications channel to interact with the public. Second, the authors conceptualize the government online interactivity in terms of the breadth and depth. Third, the authors identify factors that will enhance the interactivity from two aspects: structural features and content features. Lastly, the authors offer suggestions to local governments on how to strengthen the e-government interactivity in social media.

scholarly journals Empowering States and Provinces or Unshackling Local Governments: Does It Matter for Peace, Order, Good Government, and Growth? (The Gustav Ranis Lecture)

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (4I) ◽  
pp. 333-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Good Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Provincial Councils ◽  
World Economic Order

Globalisation and the information revolution are profoundly influencing the division of power within, across, and beyond nation-states. Within nations, this mega change has led to a diminished economic relevance of the intermediate order of government (states and provinces) and an enhanced need for home rule (empowered local governments) in both unitary and federal countries. Considerations of peace, order, and good government further warrant that intermediate orders of governments must assume a relatively less prominent role in multi-order governance. The recent fiscal crisis and the ever-growing concern about corruption have further heightened the need to the get the government right, thereby creating additional pressures to limit the size of the government by possibly downsizing the role of the states/provinces and reconstituting these as provincial councils of local governments to perform inter-local functions and coordination. These economic imperatives, calling for an hourglass model of federalism, are at odds with the political realties in countries conforming to the traditional dual federalism model, i.e., federalism of the provinces model of economic governance as prevalent in Australia, India, Mexico, and Pakistan, among others. The political order in these latter countries has blocked local governments from assuming their due role as the primary agents of the people providing oversight on the shared rule and as facilitators for network governance to improve the economic and social outcomes. Such a role of local government is also critical to international competitiveness and growth as demonstrated by the experiences of China, Japan, Korea, and the Nordic countries. This paper outlines reform options for multi-order governance to conform with the new world economic order. The paper elaborates the role of local governments under ‘glocalised governance’—the new vision of multi-order governance—and argues that growth and economic prosperity of nations in the coming decades would critically depend on how quickly political and institutional impediments to the new (or the oldest?) paradigm of local governance are overcome. The paper concludes that path dependency makes such radical reforms infeasible in countries with strong provincial governments run by feudal, military, and industrial elites.

scholarly journals How does the Government of Indonesia empower SMEs? An analysis of the social cognition found in newspapers

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenri MP Panjaitan ◽  
Rudi Prasetya Timur ◽  
Sumiyana Sumiyana
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Situated Cognition ◽  
Ecological Psychology ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Purpose This study aims to acknowledge that most Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience slow growth. It highlighted that this sluggishness is because of some falsification of Indonesia’s ecological psychology. It focuses on investigating the situated cognition that probably supports this falsification, such as affordance, a community of practice, embodiment and the legitimacy of peripheral participation situated cognition and social intelligence theories. Design/methodology/approach This study obtained data from published newspapers between October 2016 and February 2019. The authors used the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis and the J48 C.45 algorithm. The authors analyzed the data using the emergence of news probability for both the Government of Indonesia (GoI) and Indonesian society and the situated cognition concerning the improvement of the SMEs. The authors inferred ecological psychology from these published newspapers in Indonesia that the engaged actions were still suppressed, in comparison with being and doing. Findings This study contributes to the innovation and leadership policies of the SMEs’ managerial systems and the GoI. After this study identified the backward-looking practices, which the GoI and the people of Indonesia held, this study recommended some policies to help create a forward-looking orientation. The second one is also a policy for the GoI, which needs to reduce the discrepancy between the signified and the signifier, as recommended by the structuralist theory. The last one is suggested by the social learning theory; policies are needed that relate to developing the SMEs’ beliefs, attitudes and behavior. It means that the GoI should prepare the required social contexts, which are in motoric production and reinforcement. Explicitly, the authors argue that the GoI facilitates SMEs by emphasizing the internal learning process. Research limitations/implications The authors present some possibilities for the limitations of this research. The authors took into account that this study assumes the SMEs are all the same, without industrial clustering. It considers that the need for social learning and social cognition by the unclustered industries is equal. Second, the authors acknowledge that Indonesia is an emerging country, and its economic structure has three levels of contributors; the companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, then the SMEs and the lowest level is the underground economy. Third, the authors did not distinguish the levels of success for the empowerment programs that are conducted by either the GoI or the local governments. This study recognizes that the authors did not measure success levels. It means that the authors only focused on the knowledge content. Practical implications From these pieces of evidence, this study constructed its strategies. The authors offer three kinds of policies. The first is the submission of special allocation funds from which the GoI and local governments develop their budgets for the SMEs’ social learning and social cognition. The second is the development of social learning and social cognition’s curricula for both the SMEs’ owners and executive officers. The third is the need for a national knowledge repository for all the Indonesian SMEs. This repository is used for the dissemination of knowledge. Originality/value This study raises argumental novelties with some of the critical reasoning. First, the authors argue that the sluggishness of the Indonesian SMEs is because of some fallacies in their social cognition. This social cognition is derived from the cultural knowledge that the GoI and people of Indonesia disclosed in the newspapers. This study shows the falsifications from the three main perspectives of the structuration, structuralist and social learning theories. Second, this study can elaborate on the causal factor for the sluggishness of Indonesia’s SMEs, which can be explained by philosophical science, especially its fallacies (Hundleby, 2010; Magnus and Callender, 2004). The authors expand the causal factors for each gap in every theory, which determined the SMEs’ sluggishness through the identification of inconsistencies in each dimension of their structuration, structuralism and social learning. This study focused on the fallacy of philosophical science that explains the misconceptions about the SMEs’ improvement because of faulty reasoning, which causes the wrong moves to be made in the future (Dorr, 2017; Pielke, 1999).

scholarly journals CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF EFFECTIVE USE OF LOCAL BUDGET FUNDS DURING THE REFORM OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Denishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Job Responsibilities ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Effective Use

The implementation of the financial decentralization reform in Ukraine, which is the most important component of the general reform of local self-government in Ukraine for seven years, already has the first results and materials for research and conclusions. The state has proposed stages of reform and further activities of local governments. The government ensures the declared national expenditures delegated to local councils and recognizes the significant degree of their independence in planning, creating and implementing their budget plans. However, at the local level there are a number of problems that lead to inefficiency or inexpediency of costly financial activities. The article considers the most significant, effective and universal conditions and factors for improving the efficiency of spending financial resources of local budgets in the implementation of local government reform in Ukraine. The reasons for the need to implement the reform of financial decentralization and the problems it should solve are presented. Among the described bases of increase of efficiency of use of means – legislative, organizational, resource. Their definition was made possible by studying the results of community spending management during the first years of the reform. Most of them have an organizational character, i.e. one that is possible for the community to implement as a cohesive social body at the local level, have a low level of costs or opportunities for external financing or co-financing. Factors of its implementation, author’s comments and evaluation of efficiency are provided to each defined condition. The most important among the basics of effective spending of local budgets are: the availability of necessary and quality legislation, preparation and use of motivated staff of local governments, creation and implementation of social dialogue in the community, comprehensive control and analysis of public spending, determining responsibility for job responsibilities relevant employees, use of foreign experience and best financial practices of Ukrainian communities, use of energy-saving technologies, optimization of local government maintenance costs. Each of the presented bases has the described factors of their implementation which are described in article. The use of such factors makes it possible to use the available on a possible basis the effectiveness of the use of local funds, an important component of the community’s own resources during the reform of local self-government.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Environmental Information in the E-Governance system: World Trends and Experience for Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Viktor Ladychenko ◽  
Olena Chomakhashvili ◽  
Olena Uliutina ◽  
Julia Kanaryk
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Population ◽  
National Level ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Governance System ◽  
The Government

The UN E-Government Survey 2016 on «E-Government in Support of Sustainable Development» offers a brief overview of e-government trends in the world. According to the survey, more and more governments are using information technology to provide services and engage people in decision-making processes in rural areas in their countries. Talking about the emerging economies in East Europe, the Ukrainian economy is growing faster with 50% of population living in rural areas, which develops incredible pressure on the government to give more focus on many ways of environmental safety of Ukraine. Ukraine is predominantly rural country and in order to improve the environmental conditions it is important that both central and local governments carried out national environment information activity. Modern information technology helps to disseminate environmental information in rural areas and is a major provider of information opportunities for the rural population. By 2020 Ukrainian government has a goal to achieve interaction at all levels by electronic mode. There are various electronic databases that are already functioning at the national level such as the Real Estate Register, Public Cadastral Map, etc. that can help the Ukrainian government to achieve greater transparency and successful governance. However, access to such registers is currently not possible for regional communities. Therefore, disposing of environmental information, avoiding environmental threats to the local population and enhancing the effectiveness of local governance is a goal for local governments. This paper offers a modern vision of information technologies in the field of natural resources management. E-government projects and ways to solve problems in the sphere of dissemination of information in rural areas in order to improve e-governance in contemporary Ukraine were explored. Keywords: Environmental information, information human rights, sustainable development, EU environmental policy

scholarly journals Masyarakat Nelayan Kampung Sicini Arungkeke, Jeneponto 2014-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Karmilawati Karmilawati ◽  
Najamuddin Najamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Sea Area

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang masyarakat nelayan, munculnya modernisasi dan perkembangan alat tangkap serta bagaimana dampak yang ditimbulkan dalam kehidupan baik dalam bidang sosial, bidang ekonomi maupun dalam bidang pendidikan bagi masyarakat nelayan yang ada di Kampung Sicini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat nelayan yang ada di kampung Sicini kabupaten Jeneponto banyak menggantungkan hidupnya bekerja sebagai pelaut hal ini disebabkan karena wilayah lautnya yang sangat luas. Perkembangan kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di Kampung Sicini di mulai pada awal tahun 2014 yakni dengan masuknya motornisasi perahu yang dikenal dengan perahu Fiber. Perkembangan tersebut tidak terlepas dari peran pemeritah dimana diadakannya penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh Dapertemen Kelautan dan Perikanan yang bekerja sama dengan pemerintah setempat tentang penggunaan teknologi modern. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masuknya teknologi modernisasi berupa penerapan teknologi modern dibidang perikan dapat menambah pendapatan masyarakat sekaligus meningkatkan taraf kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakatnya. Serta letak geografis kampung Sicini yang mendukung sumber daya laut untuk kehidupan nelayannya. Prosedur dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan tahapan: Heuristik, Kritik, Interpretasi dan Historiografi.Kata Kunci : Masyarakat Nelayan, Kampung Sicini, Jeneponto Abstrack This study aims to determine the background of the fishing community, the emergence of modernization and the development of fishing gear and how the impacts caused in life both in the social, economic and educational fields for the fishing community in Kampung Sicini. The results showed that the fishing communities in the Sicini village of Jeneponto district relied a lot on their lives working as sailors because of the vast sea area. The development of the socioeconomic life of the people in Kampung Sicini began in early 2014 with the introduction of boat motorization known as Fiber boat. This development is inseparable from the role of the government where counseling is held by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in collaboration with local governments on the use of modern technology. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the inclusion of modernization technology in the form of the application of modern technology in fisheries can increase people's income while increasing the socio-economic standard of life of their people. As well as the geographical location of the Sicini village which supports marine resources for the lives of its fishermen. The procedure in this study uses the historical method with stages: Heuristics, Criticism, Interpretation and Historiography.Keywords: Fishermen Community, Sicini Village, Jeneponto 

Does financial health influence the re-election of local governments?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cuadrado-Ballesteros ◽  
Serena Santis ◽  
Francesca Citro ◽  
Marco Bisogno
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Financial Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fresh Insight

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible influence of financial health of local governments (LGs) on the re-election of politicians. Design/methodology/approach The study investigates a sample of 129 Italian LGs with more than 50,000 inhabitants for the period 2008–2014, resulting in 903 observations. A regression model has been implemented, where the dependent variable refers to the probability of re-election, and different dimensions of financial health are the independent variables. Findings Budgetary and service-level solvency influence positively the probability of re-election of the major, while the ability of the government to generate liquidity to pay its short-term debts is not statistically relevant. Moreover, the sustainability dimension of budgetary solvency is more relevant than the flexibility and vulnerability dimensions. Practical implications To be re-elected, local politicians are advised to pay attention to and preserve the social welfare of citizens with the available resources. Originality/value This study adds fresh insight to the literature on financial health, emphasising the relevance of public financial management in the re-election of local politicians.

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