Sanitation Development in Cambodia and India

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Howard
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The focus of this paper is a comparative analysis of India and Cambodia's sanitation development and the relationship between that development and the evolving political narrative and political economy of the respective states. Despite the differences in size and scale of the two countries, both have had among the lowest levels of sanitation development in the world and both have great disparities in terms of sanitation access, particularly in rural-urban terms. Sanitation development became a major issue in India during the 2014 election that saw the BJP under Narendra Modi, sweep to power. In Cambodia, sanitation development has not seen such explicit public political focus and yet, Cambodia's levels of sanitation access have improved relatively rapidly over recent years. However, in the early 1990s, direct UN intervention in Cambodia's troubled political economy provided a fertile environment for civil society to flourish.

Envisioning Real Utopias, Erik Olin Wright, London: Verso, 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Ruccio
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
World Today ◽  
State Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Neglect ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In this review, I argue that Erik Olin Wright’s Envisioning Real Utopias is necessary reading for anyone interested in thinking through the possibilities of creating noncapitalist ways of organising economic and social life in the world today. However, I also raise questions about Wright’s deterministic interpretation of Marx’s critique of political economy, his relative neglect of class-analysis, and his non-Gramscian conception of the relationship between the state, economy, and civil society.

Japan Meets the Sharing Economy: Contending Frames

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G ALTURA ◽  
Yuki HASHIMOTO ◽  
Sanford M JACOBY ◽  
Kaoru KANAI ◽  
Kazuro SAGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Framing Processes ◽  
Regulatory Institutions

Abstract The ‘sharing economy’ epitomized by Airbnb and Uber has challenged business, labor, and regulatory institutions throughout the world. The arrival of Airbnb and Uber in Japan provided an opportunity for Prime Minister Abe’s administration to demonstrate its commitment to deregulation. Both platform companies garnered support from powerful governmental and industry actors who framed the sharing economy as a solution to various economic and social problems. However, they met resistance from actors elsewhere in government, the private sector, and civil society, who constructed competing frames. Unlike studies that compare national responses to the sharing economy, we contrast the different experiences and fates of Airbnb and Uber within a single country. Doing so highlights actors, framing processes, and within-country heterogeneity. The study reveals the limits of overly institutionalized understandings of Japanese political economy. It also contributes to current debates concerning Prime Minister Abe’s efforts at implementing deregulation during the 2010s.

Continuity and Peculiarities in Proto-Kazakh and Ancient Indian Early Religious Beliefs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (121) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Zatov Zatov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Concept Of God ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

A comparative study of the mythological picture of the world, early forms of religion allows us to identify common features characteristic of the worldview and spiritual guidelines of mankind as a whole. These features can be traced in archaic ideas about the structure of the universe, in understanding their spiritual and bodily essence, the infinity of God and the eternity of the soul, the relationship and interdependence of life forms in the world. This allows us to assert the thesis of the unity of mankind in its spiritual origins, despite racial and ethnic diversity. In the process of a comparative analysis of mythology, early forms of religion, the concept of God, the pantheon and the function of the gods, similar moments and ethnological specifics of understanding the essence of the soul and reincarnation in totemistic beliefs, in cosmological and theogonistic concepts are revealed.The author also analyzes the role and significance of the cult of ancestors, traces the evolution of the idea of proto-monotism (the creative function of Tengri and Brahma, the intention of henotheistic faith) and its place in religious knowledge.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Culture Beliefs about Russia’s, Western and Eastern Civilizations among Creative Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-197
Author(s):  
V.U. Litvinov ◽  
L.V. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Study ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Basic Constituent

Objective. The aim of this research was a comparative analysis of culture beliefs about Russia’s, Eastern and Western civilizations among the youth of Moscow City. Background. Civilization identity is the a basic constituent in forming of individual’s image of the world. Understanding and acceptance of civilization’s cultural particularities helps to save personal and social identity’s stability. But understanding of differences from other civilizations and comparison with them is no less important. Study design. The study examined the relationship between the various components of the cultural representations of civilizations. The presence and nature of the relationship was checked through correlation, qualitative and content analysis. Participants. 200 people (43% of men, 57% of women) from 18 to 2 years old, students of creative universities in Moscow, studying under the training programs for future media workers. Measurements. The study was carried out by the method of questioning, including the associative method, the method of unfinished sentences, closed and open questions. Results. The research’s results proved the hypothesis that culture beliefs of Russia’s youth are qualitatively different for each of the presented civilizations. Besides, the research discovered differences related to gender. Russia’s and Eastern civilizations turned out to be the closest for male according to the research’s results, and for female — Russia’s and Western civilizations respectively. Conclusions. There is a qualitative difference between the cultural ideas of Russian, Western and Eastern civilizations among Russian youth.

13. The Political Economy of Development

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economy Of Development ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter focuses on the political economy of development. It first considers the different (and competing) ways of thinking about development that have emerged since the end of World War II, laying emphasis on modernization, structuralist, and underdevelopment theories, neo-liberalism and neo-statism, and ‘human development’, gender, and environmental theories. The chapter proceeds by exploring how particular understandings of development have given rise to particular kinds of development strategies at both the national and global levels. It then examines the relationship between globalization and development, in both empirical and theoretical terms. It also describes how conditions of ‘mal-development’ — or development failures — both arise from and are reinforced by globalization processes and the ways in which the world economy is governed.

1. Why Study IR?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jackson ◽  
Georg Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Online Resource ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction to International Relations provides a concise introduction to the principal international relations theories, and explores how theory can be used to analyse contemporary issues. Readers are introduced to the most important theories, encompassing both classical and contemporary approaches and debates. Throughout the text, the chapters encourage readers to consider the strengths and weaknesses of the theories presented, and the major points of contention between them. In so doing, the text helps the reader to build a clear understanding of how major theoretical debates link up with each other, and how the structure of the discipline of international relations is established. The book places a strong emphasis throughout on the relationship between theory and practice, carefully explaining how theories organise and shape our view of the world. Topics include realism, liberalism, International Society, International Political Economy, social constructivism, post-positivism in international relations, and foreign policy. A chapter is dedicated to key global issues and how theory can be used as a tool to analyse and interpret these issues. The text is accompanied by an Online Resource Centre, which includes: short case studies, review questions, annotated web links, and a flashcard glossary.

Editors' Introduction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Bloxham ◽  
A. Dirk Moses
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
World Today ◽  
Genocide Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

This article describes the state of genocide studies, historicization, and causation, placing genocide into its historical context, and genocide in the world today. ‘Genocide’ is unfortunately ubiquitous, all too often literally in attempts at the destruction of human groups, but also rhetorically in the form of a word that is at once universally known and widely invoked. The comparative scholarship of genocide began with Raphael Lemkin and through the later Cold War period was continued by a small group of dedicated scholars. The discussion also opens the probing of the limits and the utility of the concept of genocide for historical understanding, and placing this crime back in its context that may often include mass non-genocidal violence. It also reflects on the debate about the relationship between individual acts of genocide and the wider political economy and norms of the worlds in which they occur.

The Social Production of Building form: Theory and Research

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D King
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Form Theory ◽  
Building Form ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, the relation of theory to empirical research in the broad area indicated by the title is examined. The relevance, and, in cases, the adequacy, is discussed of existing theory for ‘making sense’ of specific empirical data on one item, or segment, of the built environment, namely, the specialised dwelling form of the bungalow, which, in both name and single-storey form, as vacation house or suburban dwelling, has been introduced to many market economies around the world. After a brief consideration of the historical and cross-cultural approaches to the study of the built environment and its neglect in the new urban studies, a series of questions generated by the data and contextualised within specific theoretical spheres are addressed. These include: the relation of building form to economy, society, and culture; culture and the political economy of building form; the social production of specialised dwelling forms; the relationship between per capita income, tenure, and dwelling form, and between dwelling and settlement forms; urban and building form and the world system; counterurbanisation and the world economy; and the political economy of global urbanisation. It is concluded that, for the adequate conceptualisation of the built environment, the use of theory must be eclectic and prepared to draw on different disciplines.

scholarly journals Representation of Communicative and Pragmatic Frame ‘Intellect’ In English, German and Russian Paremiological World Pictures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milyausha R Shaimardanova ◽  
Anna V. Zorina ◽  
Leysan A. Akhmetova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
World View ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental Abilities ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to conduct a cognitively-comparative analysis of the representation of the communicative-pragmatic frame intellect (Russianум, German Klugheit) objectified in proverbs of English and Russian languages, which, being a reflection of the world view of a particular ethnic group, are a conventional way of expressing stereotypes of the people.The scientific novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive analysis of stereotypical assessments of the intellectual abilities of an individual as a representative of a particular society, through the study of paremias containing the nomination of the intellect – foolishness binome in the English, German and Russian paremiological view of the world.The article bears the result of the study of 1243 proverbial units – 412 English, 433 German and 398 Russian proverbs and sayings. As a result, universal and unique stereotypical representations of the value and the availability of knowledge and intelligence were revealed; the relationship between the level of mental abilities and behavior, luck; dependence of intelligence on alcohol, age, wealth and happiness.In addition, a correlation was determined between related (English and German) and unrelated (Russian) languages, which, in turn, facilitates the process of cognitive learning of the languages studied. Consequently, the article contributes to solving the problems of intercultural communication.

Beyond the Minskyan Political Economy: Liquidity and Financial Innovation in the Global Credit Crunch

2011 ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nesvetailova
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Credit Crunch ◽  
Hyman Minsky ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

The credit crunch of 2007-2009 has been widely described as a Minsky moment in the world finance, and references to Ponzi schemes recur in the emergent theorizations of this crisis. However, the notion of Ponzi finance captures only one of the many disturbing elements in the complex set of causes of the crisis. Engaging with the emergent theories of the credit crunch, this paper argues that the main controversy of the global credit crunch centers on the role of financial innovation in the economic system. More specifically, it concerns the problem of liquidity and its metamorphoses in the modern financial system. Drawing on the scholarship of Hyman Minsky and heterodox political economy, this paper addresses the conceptual dilemma of the relationship between financial innovation and liquidity, in the light of the lessons of the global credit crunch.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document