Preparation and Application of a Novel Formaldehyde-Free Fixing Agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2793-2797
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Initiation System ◽  
Binary Polymer

Using diallylamine , hydrochloric and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride as reactants, ammonium persulfate / sodium sulfite as initiation system,binary polymer was prepared in water phase.The binary polymer was applied to cotton of reactive dyeing as a fixing agent,propreities of fixing fabric were tested.The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were as follows: 50 g of diallylamine, 600 g of 40% dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride,6 g of ammonium persulfate, dropping of initiation at 80°C for 3 h.The reactive dyeings after binary polymer treatment had fairly good color fastness with 4-5 grade to dry rubbing,4 grade to wet rubbing, color fastness with good to soaking and formaldehyde-free.

Synthesis, Characterization and Floculating Properties of Coply(AM-DAC) in Water and Wastewater Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wein Min Sun ◽  
Guang Cheng Zhang ◽  
Meng Meng Su ◽  
He Lin Li ◽  
Xia Lei
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Solution Polymerization ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Initiation System ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Clay Suspensions

A cationic polymeric flocculant was synthesized through solution polymerization. The polymerization was initiated by acrylamide and Aacryloxyethyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride(DAC) monomers, and ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite as redox initiation system. The copolymer obtained was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Its flocculating properties were evaluated by turbidity removal with clay suspensions, turbidity and COD removal with sewage using standard jar tests. The results demonstrate that the copolymer can be used as a kind of cationic polymeric flocculant in water and wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Characterization and Dimethyl Phthalate Flocculation Performance of the Cationic Polyacrylamide Flocculant P(AM-DMDAAC) Produced by Microwave-Assisted Synthesis

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Dong Qin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Dimethyl Phthalate ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Optimum Synthesis

A composite flocculant P(AM–DMDAAC) was synthesized by the copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC). By using microwave (MV) assistance with ammonium persulfate as initiator, the synthesis had a short reaction time and yielded a product with good solubility. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and differential thermal analysis–thermogravimetric analysis were employed to determine the structure and morphology of P(AM–DMDAAC). The parameters affecting the intrinsic viscosity of P(AM–DMDAAC), such as MV time, mass ratio of DMDAAC to AM, bath time, reaction temperature, pH value, and the dosages of ammonium persulfate initiator, EDTA, sodium benzoate, and urea were examined. Results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were MV time of 1.5 min, m(DMDAAC):m(AM) of 4:16, 0.5 wt‰ initiator, 0.4 wt‰ EDTA, 0.3 wt‰ sodium benzoate, 2 wt‰ urea, 4 h bath time, reaction temperature of 40 °C, and pH of 2. The optimal dimethyl phthalate (DMP) removal rate can reach 96.9% by using P(AM–DMDAAC), and the P(AM–DMDAAC) had better flocculation than PAM, PAC, and PFS.

scholarly journals Production of Cationic Polyacrylamide Flocculant P(AM–DMDAAC) by Microwave Assisted Synthesis, its Characterization and Flocculation Perfomance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Dongqin Zhao ◽  
Xue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Microwave Time

A composite flocculant P(AM–DMDAAC) was synthesized by the copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC). Using microwave (MV) assistance with ammonium persulfate as initiator, the synthesis provided short reaction time and better solubility product. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis-thermo gravimetric analyzer (DTA-TGA) were used to determine the structure and morphology of P(AM–DMDAAC). Parameters affecting the intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of P(AM–DMDAAC), such as microwave time, mass ratio of DMDAAC to AM, initiator ammonium persulfatedosage, sodium benzoate dosage, bath time, reaction temperature and pH value were examined. Results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were microwave time 1.5 min, m(DMDAAC): m(AM) is 4:16, 0.5 wt‰ initiator, 0.4 wt‰ EDTA, 0.3 wt‰ sodium benzoate, 2 wt‰ urea, 4 h bath time, 4.0h reaction time and pH 2. To study the removal of phenol by P(AM–DMDAAC), the influence of flocculant dose, pH value and the stirring speed were investigated, with optimization providing 99.8 % removal.

Graft Copolymerization of Acrylamide onto Activated Starch Using Inverse Emulsion Polymerization

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 600-605
Author(s):  
Dian Mo Zheng ◽  
Sheng Gan Zhu ◽  
Li Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Monomer Conversion ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Grafting Efficiency ◽  
Inverse Emulsion ◽  
Initiation System ◽  
Ft Ir

Activated starch was prepared by ball milling before used. Graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto activated starch was carried out in inverse emulsion using a redox initiation system of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite. The effects of ball-milling time, reaction temperature, initiator concentration and weight ratio of acrylamide to starch on the conversion of monomer, grafting percentage and grafting efficiency were studied. The structure and properties of the graft copolymer and activated starch were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The results showed that ball milling could progressively destroy the crystalline structure of starch and improve the chemical reactivity. The monomer conversion, grafting percentage and grafting efficiency of grate copolymerization were 96.6%、62.4%、85.49%, respectively.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Analysis, and Testing of BiOBr-Bi2WO6Photocatalytic Heterojunction Semiconductors

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangchao Meng ◽  
Zisheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities

In photocatalysis, the recombination of electron-hole pairs is generally regarded as one of its most serious drawbacks. The synthesis of various composites with heterojunction structures has increasingly shed light on preventing this recombination. In this work, a BiOBr-Bi2WO6photocatalytic heterojunction semiconductor was synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method and applied in the photocatalytic degradation process. It was determined that both reaction time and temperature significantly affected the crystal structure and morphologies of the photocatalysts. BiOBr (50 at%)-Bi2WO6composites were prepared under optimum synthesis conditions (120°C for 6 h) and by theoretically analyzing the DRS results, it was determined that they possessed the suitable band gap (2.61 eV) to be stimulated by visible-light irradiation. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared photocatalysts were evaluated by the degradation ofRhodamine B (RhB)under visible-light irradiation. The experimental conditions, including initial concentration, pH, and catalyst dosage, were explored and the photocatalysts in this system were proven stable enough to be reused for several runs. Moreover, the interpreted mechanism of the heterojunction enhancement effect proved that the synthesis of a heterojunction structure provided an effective method to decrease the recombination rate of the electron-hole pairs, thereby improving the photocatalytic activity.

Application and Study of Reactive Polyacrylate Microgel in Pigment Paint of Printed Fabric

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 1044-1048
Author(s):  
Hong Long Xing ◽  
Shui Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Adhesive Film ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Divinyl Benzene

Polyacrylate microgel emulsion was prepared by emulsion polymerization using styrene, α-n-butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as monomer, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (TX-30) and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as combine emulsifier, divinyl benzene and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator，respectively. The prepared microgel was analyzed by a variety of measurment methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of microgel on the rheological properties of adhesives, leveling, mechanical properties and pigment printing performance was studied. The rhelogy and the color fastness of the pigment printing binder of printed fabrics were measured by rheometer and friction color fastness test instruments, respectively. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the adhesive film was measured by strength tester. The results show that the thixotropy, leveling and mechanical properties of adhesive printing binder and pringting quality of coating fabrics were improved when the microgel was added.

scholarly journals Flocculation of a High-Turbidity Kaolin Suspension Using Hydrophobic Modified Quaternary Ammonium Salt Polyacrylamide

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangya Ma ◽  
Xue Fu ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Kun Fu ◽  
Yi Liao
Keyword(s):  
Solid Content ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Illumination Time ◽  
Flocculation Mechanism ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Method Show

In this work, a novel cationic polyacrylamide (PAMD) was synthesized by acrylamide (AM) diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMD) and dodecyl polyglucoside (DPL) under low-pressure ultraviolet (UV) initiation. The intrinsic viscosity and cationic degree of PAMD were optimized in copolymerization. The optimum synthesis conditions that affect polymerization were determined to be solid content 30%, DPL content 25%, DMD content 30%, illumination time 135 min, and pH 9. The flocculation performance of flocculant PAMD with a high cationic degree was investigated in the purification of high-turbidity water. The flocculation mechanism was correspondingly studied and summarized based on Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) analysis. Finally, the results of an experimental simulation using the response surface method show that 98.9% supernatant transmittance was achieved under dosage 4 mg/L, fast stirring time 20 min, pH 7, and stirring speed 320 rpm.

scholarly journals Simultaneous reactive dyeing and surface modification of polyamide fabric with TiO2 precursor finish using a one-step hydrothermal process

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (22) ◽  
pp. 2611-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Baibing Han ◽  
Hailiang Wu ◽  
Ningtao Mao
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Reactive Blue 19 ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
One Step

In this article, the approach of dyeing polyamide (PA) fabric by using C.I. Reactive Blue 19 dye and simultaneously modifying it with titanium dioxide precursor under hydrothermal conditions is developed. The anthraquinone-based Reactive Blue 19 dye, which is more resistant to biodegradation owing to its fused aromatic structure compared to an azo-based one, is utilized as a model compound in this research to demonstrate the photodegradation effect of TiO2 on reactive dyes. It is shown that a layer of TiO2 nanoparticles is homogeneously coated on fiber surfaces and their particle sizes are smaller than those remaining in the residual dyeing liquors. The crystallinity and optical properties of the resultant PA fabrics are changed due to this hydrothermal dyeing process. In comparison with the dyed-only PA fabrics, the PA fabrics dyed and simultaneously modified with anatase TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit better color fastness against artificial light (xenon) while maintain similar grades of color fastness against washing with soap, wet scrubbing, dry cleaning as well as dry/wet rubbing. While changes in tensile strength, elongation and water absorbency of the resultant PA fabrics were not found, the addition of tetrabutyl titanate in the dyeing liquor is proved to facilitate the reaction of reactive dye with PA fabric and the resultant PA fabric shade. More interestingly, it is noticed that the residual dyeing liquor can be photodegraded after 50 mins of either UV or visible light irradiation, and the dyeing wastewater can thus be released in an eco-friendly manner to the environment.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles Using Microemulsion Polymerization for Diferent Py/APS/SDS Molar Ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Hidalgo Santim ◽  
Hermes Adolfo de Aquino ◽  
José Antonio Malmonge
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sodium Dodecylsulfate ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Nanoparticle Shape ◽  
Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

Polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy) were synthesized by the chemical oxidative microemulsion of pyrrole (Py) monomer using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant agent and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as a surfactant at 28°C and 0°C. Different Py:APS:SDS molar ratios were used, and the properties of the resulting material were examined by four-probe DC electrical conductivity, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-vis-Nir), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies as well as field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). UV-vis-Nir and FTIR spectra show the formation of a polaron band owing to the doping of PPy by SDS. The electrical conductivity and morphology of PPy nanoparticles depend on the synthesis conditions. Electrical conductivity of ~95.3×10-3 S/cm was achieved for PPy synthesized at 0°C. For the same Py:APS:SDS molar ratio, the nanoparticle shape changed from cylindrical to spherical upon simply lowering the synthesis temperature.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis and Characterization of High-Purity Monodispersed Cupric Oxide (CuO) Nanopowder

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Yuan Teng Foo ◽  
Li Ting Foo ◽  
Ladan Shahcheragh ◽  
Bahman Amini Horri ◽  
Babak Salamatinia
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Exchange Material

In this study, high quality monodispersed nanocrystalline cupric oxide (CuO) nanopowder was prepared through novel sol-gel green synthesis method, assisted by sodium alginate (Na-ALG) as the green ionic exchange material. The morphology and structural properties of CuO nanopowders synthesized with and without the incorporation of extrusion dripping, at different Na-ALG solution concentrations and calcination temperatures, were studied using thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy. Optimum synthesis conditions were identified, resulting in high-purity, monodispersed nanocrystalline CuO powder in the range of 9.92 – 12.4 nm, which could have a promising future in various applications.

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