An Analysis on the Occurrence of Noise between Floors in Apartment Housing

2015 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 406-409
Author(s):  
Jae Min Shin ◽  
Yoon Seok Shin
Keyword(s):  
Time Slot ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Airborne Noise ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Household Members ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this study is to determine the actual state of noise occurrence in apartment-unit households by utilizing state data to examine individual noise sources and the types of noise between floors. Among the types of noise between Floors, the top four noise sources were conversation and electrical appliance noise in the airborne noise category, and foot-stepping noise and object-dropping noise in the direct impact noise category. The result shows that in three sources (other than foot-stepping noise), the equivalent sound level was found to exceed the standard value in a specific time slot. The frequency of noise occurrence was shown to be highest between 18:00 and 21:00, after household members had come home from work. Therefore, to reduce noise between floors, a management plan should be introduced based on the actual state of the noise occurrence, considering the individual noise source and the time slot during which noise frequently occurs.

scholarly journals Level and Noise Sources in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Reference Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Damaris Hernández-Salazar ◽  
Josefina Gallegos-Martínez ◽  
Jaime Reyes-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
And Shifts

Objective. Determine the level of environmental and periauricular noise in preterm babies and identify the sources generating noise in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit -NICU- of a reference hospital in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Methods. Cross-sectional and analytic study of the measurement of the level of environmental noise in five critical areas of the NICU, according with the method of measurement of noise from fixed sources by the Mexican Official Norm and periauricular at 20 cm from the preterm patient’s pinna. The measurements were carried out during three representative days of a week,morning, evening and nocturnal shifts. A STEREN 400 sound level meter was used with 30 to 130 dB range of measurement and a rate of 0.5 s. Results. The average level of periauricular noise (64.5±1.91dB) was higher than the environmental noise (63.3±1.74 dB) during the days and shifts evaluated. The principal noise sources were activities carried out by the staff, like the nursing change of shift and conversations by the staff, which raised the level continuously or intermittently, operation of vital support equipment (alarms) and incidences (clashing of baby bottles and moving furnishings) producedsudden rises of noise. Conclusions. Environmental and periauricular noise in NICU exceeds by two and almost three times the 45 dB during the day and 35 dB at night from the norm in hospitals. It is necessary to implement permanent noise reduction programs to prevent sequelae in the preterm infant and professional burnout in the nursing staff.

scholarly journals Fabricación de ladrillos con polvo-residuo de mármol en México

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Ponce Palafox ◽  
Julián Carrillo ◽  
Areli López-Montelongo
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Seismic Demands ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Compressive Tests

Resumen La industria del mármol genera gran cantidad de desperdicio en polvo. Estos desechos carecen de un adecuado plan de manejo, además de resultar altamente contaminantes a la población que rodea el lugar de los depósitos de estos materiales. Para ofrecer una solución, en este artículo se presentan los resultados del desarrollo de un ladrillo a base del polvo de mármol. El programa experimental incluye 16 dosificaciones diferentes en las que se varía la cantidad de cemento, cal y arena, y se deja constante el polvo de mármol. El programa incluye el ensayo a compresión de 160 ladrillos, 3 ensayos a compresión en muretes, 3 pruebas de adherencia a compresión en muretes y 48 pruebas de absorción.  Los resultados de compresión y adherencia demostraron que estos ladrillos podrían ser utilizados para la construcción de muros de carga en vivienda desarrolladas en zonas de amenaza sísmica baja. Palabras clave:  Absorción; adherencia; compresión; muros de carga; vivienda   Abstract The marble industry generates large amount of dust waste. These wastes do not have a proper management plan, as well as being highly contaminating the population surrounding the site of the deposits of these materials. To offer a solution, this article shows the results of the development of a brick-based marble powder to achieve sufficient compressive strength to construction masonry walls in low-rise housing. The experimental program includes 16 different dosages that varies the amount of cement, lime, and sand, and keeping constant the marble powder. The program includes the compressive tests for 160 bricks, compressive tests for 3 small walls, validated adherence under compression tests for 3 small walls, and absorption tests for 48 bricks. The results of the test showed that the compression strength of the individual bricks and wall is 4.0 MPa y 1.9 MPa, respectively, and the absorption of the bricks es 21 %. This results of absorption , compression and adhesion are a first indication of the feasibility of used  these bricks for the construction of load-bearing walls in housing developed in areas of low seismic demands. Key Words: Absorption; adhesion; compression; load-bearing walls; housing

scholarly journals INFRASOUND AND LOW FREQUENCY NOISE IMMISION FROM PIPELINES. iMPROVING THE ISO 1996-2:2017 PROPOSED METHODS. CASES STUDIES CONDUCTED AT LOS ANDES AND PERUVIAN RAINFOREST

Akustika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 335-345
Author(s):  
Walter Montano
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Continuous Noise ◽  
Amazonian Rainforest

The gas extraction wells are in Amazonian rainforest and by them there are their industrial facilities. The pipeline has about 800 km with four pumps stations and two compressor stations. The challenge of conducting sound measurements was important-there is no specialized literature-and other noise "sources" are howler monkeys, cicadidae chirping, woodpeckers, trees´foliage, etc. However the problem is simply because those fixed industrial facilities are the only ones. People live in isolated hamlet on the side of dirt roads, so they are exposed 24/7 to the continuous noise; at homes 4 km away from the plants the sound level is 60 dBC, but in the spectrum of ILFN tones could not be identified. This Paper presents the procedures that were developed to identify the ILFN tones, improving the methods proposed in ISO 1996-2, writing a software that "automatically eliminates" the sound levels that don´t belong to the industry,

Exploring the Phenomenon of Mass Murder in Public Places

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-155
Author(s):  
Selina E. M. Kerr ◽  
Mary Ann Markey
Keyword(s):  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
The Individual

In 2017, fifty-eight individuals attending an outdoor music festival in Las Vegas were shot and killed, whilst hundreds more were injured. In this chapter, the authors explore the phenomenon of mass shootings taking place in entertainment venues or places of worship. These types of venues bring unique challenges in preventing and responding to mass shooting incidents. These authors recommend initiating a threat assessment system or model to assess changes in an individual's behaviors over time. It is of particular importance to evaluate whether the individual has been preparing for an attack. The six case studies reviewed engaged in active preparations beforehand by procuring weapons, writing manifestos and scoping out potential venues to attack. In terms of how to effectively respond to mass shootings in public locations, it is recommended that an emergency management plan with a range of scenarios is devised beforehand. Careful consideration should be given to ways to deal with individuals with special needs and how to communicate with patrons during an emergency situation.

Assessment of Environmental Noise and Air Quality in Critical Areas at UiTM Engineering Complex

2013 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
N.V. David ◽  
K. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

Excessive environmental noise and poor air quality can be adverse to human health, living comfort and the environment itself. Measurement of sound pressure levels and air quality in critical areas including libraries, campus areas, public parks and hospitals thus becomes necessary to monitor and mitigate existing noise levels. In a university environment, student activities will be less disrupted if the locations of the activities are sufficiently away from noise sources. The present study is intended to measure sound levels and air quality around the Engineering Complex, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam. The measured data is compared with to acceptable sound pressure levels and air quality index specified by the Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia. Sound pressure levels are measured using the Castle Sound Level Meter Type 6224 and air quality measurement was done by using the BW Gas Alert MicroClip XT device. Both measurements were conducted at five selected stations around the Engineering Complex for three times each weekday for five weeks. Results obtained indicated that sound levels at some locations and time zones are above the thresholds recommended by the DOE. The air quality is acceptable in most locations except the vicinity of a bus stop. With the growing number of students in the university and other factors like construction and redevelopment of existing roads, a continuously increasing noise situations and air pollution proportional to the traffic flow is inevitable.

Applications of Sound Intensity Measurements to Gas Turbine Engineering

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Rawlinson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Directional Sensitivity ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
Practical Reality ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Level Meter

Recent advances in signal processing techniques have made the measurement of sound intensity a practical reality. The newly developed sound intensity meters can indicate both the magnitude and direction of sound. This is a major advantage over the traditional sound level meter which does not have such directional sensitivity. Sound intensity meters can, therefore, make accurate measurements under adverse conditions, such as onshore or offshore, where sound level meters may be unsuitable. This makes the detailed assessment of the sound power output of a gas turbine package, operating in the field, practicable. Individual components of a gas turbine train can be evaluated so that the dominant noise sources can be identified, thereby providing more cost effective solutions to onshore and offshore installations. This paper describes briefly the concepts of sound intensity, the current state of standards and some aspects of measurement technique. Case histories of the use of sound intensity instrumentation in a variety of situations, relevant to gas turbine engineering, will be described. This will include laboratory and field based investigations.

scholarly journals Analysis of the acoustic climate of a spa park using the fuzzy set theory

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Sztubecka ◽  
Jacek Sztubecki
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
The People ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The paper describes the differences between the actual results of the measurement of equivalent sound level and the feelings of people visiting "a Spa Park". Noise, as one of the environmental pollutants, cause detrimental effects on the recipient. Measurements of noise are usually performed in urban areas, especially in the road environments, providing a basis for measures to limit their impact on the environment. Often in the measurement there are ignored areas for recreation. Usually, they do not determine the relationship between the results of measurements of noise equivalent sound level and the individual feelings of the people living in these areas. The analysis was performed with the use of fuzzy set theory. The evaluation of the acoustic climate on the "Spa Park" should be determined on the basis of sound level measurements and questionnaires.

Land Gas Turbine Exhaust Noise

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
R. A. Kantola
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Separated Flow ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Exhaust Hood ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Exhaust Noise ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

An acoustic test program on a 1/7-scale model of the exhaust configuration for a General Electric MS 5000 gas turbine has been carried out. The tests were designed to isolate the noise contributions of the individual exhaust system components and to identify the additional noise due to combinations of two or more components. This model of the MS 5000 system was found to have three principal noise sources. At a high degree of turbine exit swirl all three sources appear with the most dominant due to an interaction between aft bearing support strut wakes and downstream exhaust hood turning vanes. At zero swirl the isolated turning vane noise and an exhaust hood plenum resonance are the remaining principal noise sources. A rather unexpected effect was uncovered in the course of this program; a strong reduction in the noise generation of separated flow downstream of struts and vanes was observed when a diffuser was placed immediately behind the strut or vane exit plane. This reduction in noise was much greater than could be attributed to the reduction in velocity caused by the diffuser.

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