Monitoring the Effective Ambient and Sky Temperature Based on Infrared Sensor for Advanced Thermal Calculations

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Slávik ◽  
Miroslav Čekon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Thermal Calculations ◽  
Radiation Heat Exchange ◽  
Sky Temperature

Building performance simulations and advanced thermal analysis are becoming the basis for a well-established practice of a building sector. This approach requires many input data which are typically not available on site. Apart from already well-practiced climate variable quantities, such as ambient temperature, solar radiation and parameters of wind, more complex data are needed for advanced building thermal analysis. One of those is based on longwave radiation level. A pyrgeometer is a device that measures longwave radiation part of whole thermal radiation phenomena. This can be determined based on sky or effective ambient temperature monitoring. Secondly, both variables might be approximated by infrared sensors as an applicable option in the calculation of longwave radiation heat exchange between the external surface and the ambient building environment. The paper presents data obtained both by pyrgeometer and infrared sensor corresponding to their mutual comparison to demonstrate its application when longwave radiation exchange needs to be calculated or analyzed in advanced. Integrating of the infrared sensor with aim to monitor the effective ambient and/or sky temperature enables its applicability as an alternative, integrated and less cost consuming method towards the monitoring by commercial pyrgeometer.

scholarly journals A Non-Contact Integrated Body-Ambient Temperature Sensors Platform to Contrast COVID-19

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Sandra Costanzo ◽  
Alexandra Flores
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Capacitive Humidity Sensor

An integrated sensors platform for non-contact temperature monitoring is proposed in this work. The adopted solution, based on the combined integration of an infrared thermometer and a capacitive humidity sensor, is able to provide a fast and accurate tool for remotely sensing both ambient and body temperature in the framework of pandemic situations, such as COVID-19, thus avoiding any direct contact with people. The information relative to the ambient temperature is successfully exploited to derive a correction formula for the accurate extraction of body temperature from the measurement provided by the standard infrared sensor. Full details on the design of the proposed platform are provided in the work, by reporting relevant simulation results on the variations of ambient temperature, relative humidity, and body temperature. Experimental validations are also discussed to provide a full assessment of the proposed approach.

Thermal Analysis of Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors Fabricated by a Flip-Chip Transfer Method

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Ling Ling Sun ◽  
Weiguang Zhu ◽  
Ooi Kiang Tan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Transfer Method

Validation of Thermal Analysis of Dry Storage Casks at Diablo Canyon

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Yung Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Fuel Assemblies

This paper is a continuation of previous work; it focuses on validating the thermal analysis of a vertical dry storage cask by using the measured temperature data and the results obtained by others in thermal modeling of a HI-STORM 100 storage cask at Diablo Canyon’s independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI). The cask chosen for thermal analysis contains a welded canister for 32 pressurized water reactor (PWR) used fuel assemblies in a stainless-steel basket with a total decay heat load of 17.05 kW. An effective thermal conductivity model was used to represent the used fuel assemblies with non-uniform assembly heat loads. The pressure of the canister’s helium fill gas was assumed to be 5 atm, and the ambient temperature was assumed to be 10°C. The results showed reasonably good agreement between the calculated and measured canister axial surface temperatures. The results of ANSYS/FLUENT simulations showed that a tighter convergence criterion yielded slightly better agreement with the data; however, improvement could be obtained by adjusting the assumed ambient temperature value in the simulation. Validating the results of ANSYS/FLUENT simulation against the data (as well as the experience and additional insights gained from the validation exercise) is important to our future simulation and analysis of the thermal performance of dry storage casks, particularly for aging management and monitoring the condition and performance of dry casks during extended long-term storage at ISFSIs.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Transition Metal Coordination Biopolymer: A Promising Heterogeneous Catalyst for Radical Ion Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate at Ambient Temperature.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Olayiwola Bisiriyu ◽  
Reinout Meijboom
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Metal Coordination ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Order Kinetic

<p>The present study utilized chitosan obtained from crab shell and transition metal salts as precursors to synthesize chitosan-metal coordination biopolymers of Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II) and Ni(II) [i.e Chit-Mn(II), Chit-Fe(III), Chit-Co(II) and Chit-NI(II) respectively]. The synthesized coordination biopolymers have been characterized using different instrumental techniques such as spectroscopic (UV-visible, FT-IR, XRD, EDS, and ICP-OES), thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), surface analysis (SEM), and hydrogen-temperature programmed reduction (H<sub>2</sub>-TPR) analysis. Spectroscopic studies confirmed the successful incorporation of the metals into the biopolymer matrix. Thermal analysis and H<sub>2</sub>-TPR revealed the reducibility of the Chit-Fe(III) at 120 ℃. While Chit-Fe(III) and Chit-Ni(II) were inactive, Chit-Co(II) and Chit-Mn(II) were found to be active towards vinyl acetate polymerization in the presence of aqueous Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>. Furthermore, the polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) produced from Chit-Co(II) compared perfectly with a commercial PVAc and was in higher yield than PVAc produced from Chit-Mn(II). The polymerization has been shown to proceed via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP), and the viscosity average molecular weight of PVAc produced has been measured as 25, 078. The density functional theory approach has been used to ascertain the coordination orientation of the Chit-Co(II) and explain its high efficiency towards vinyl acetate polymerization. The catalyst reusability test revealed an insignificant loss of activity for the Chit-Co(II) after seven cycles of polymerization. Kinetic studies show that the vinyl acetate polymerization suits the second-order kinetic model at ambient temperature. Thermodynamic studies also revealed that chain initiation is an endothermic process while chain propagation is an exothermic process. The result of this work also suggests an investigation of chitosan-metal coordination biopolymer via low-ppm ATRP approach for possible biomedical application.</p>

scholarly journals Design and Thermal Analysis of an Air Source Heat Pump Dryer for Food Drying

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haolu Liu ◽  
Khurram Yousaf ◽  
Kunjie Chen ◽  
Rui Fan ◽  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Experimental Heat ◽  
Moisture Extraction ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Heat Pump Drying

In this study, an experimental heat pump dryer was designed. The specific moisture extraction rate and moisture extraction rate were used as performance indicators to explore the influence of environmental factors and the style of the hot air cycle on heat pump drying. The average temperature and humidity in Nanjing’s summer, winter, and throughout the whole year were taken as the experimental ambient temperature and humidity. Garlic slices 3 mm thick, with an initial moisture content of 66.714% w.b., were dried until the end moisture content was 10% w.b. Experimental results and thermal analysis showed that the open and semi-open heat pump dryers were greatly affected by ambient temperature and humidity. The closed heat pump drying system was greatly affected by the bypass air rate.

scholarly journals Developing Inspection Methodology of Solar Energy Plants by Thermal Infrared Sensor on Board Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ho Lee ◽  
Jong Hwa Park
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation facilities have been built on various scales due to rapid growth in response to demand for renewable energy. Facilities built on diverse terrain and on such a scale are required to employ fast and accurate monitoring technology for stable electrical production and maintenance. The purpose of this study was to develop a technology to analyze the normal operation and failure of solar modules by acquiring images by attaching optical and thermal infrared sensors to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and producing orthographic images of temperature information. The results obtained in this study are as follows: (1) a method of using optical and thermal infrared sensors with different resolutions at the same time is able to produce accurate spatial information, (2) it is possible to produce orthographic images of thermal infrared images, (3) the analysis of the temperature fluctuation characteristics of the solar panel and cell showed that the abnormal module and cell displayed a larger temperature change than the normal module and cell, and (4) the abnormal heat generation of the panel and cell can be accurately discerned by the abnormal state panel and cell through the spatial distribution of the temperature. It is concluded that the inspection method of the solar module using the obtained UAV-based thermal infrared sensor can be useful for safety inspection and monitoring of the rapidly growing solar power generation facility.

scholarly journals Fusing Thermopile Infrared Sensor Data for Single Component Activity Recognition within a Smart Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Burns ◽  
Philip Morrow ◽  
Chris Nugent ◽  
Sally McClean
Keyword(s):  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Single Component ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Smart Environment ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Privacy Concerns

To provide accurate activity recognition within a smart environment, visible spectrum cameras can be used as data capture devices in solution applications. Privacy, however, is a significant concern with regards to monitoring in a smart environment, particularly with visible spectrum cameras. Their use, therefore, may not be ideal. The need for accurate activity recognition is still required and so an unobtrusive approach is addressed in this research highlighting the use of a thermopile infrared sensor as the sole means of data collection. Image frames of the monitored scene are acquired from a thermopile infrared sensor that only highlights sources of heat, for example, a person. The recorded frames feature no discernable characteristics of people; hence privacy concerns can successfully be alleviated. To demonstrate how thermopile infrared sensors can be used for this task, an experiment was conducted to capture almost 600 thermal frames of a person performing four single component activities. The person’s position within a room, along with the action being performed, is used to appropriately predict the activity. The results demonstrated that high accuracy levels, 91.47%, for activity recognition can be obtained using only thermopile infrared sensors.

Infrared Sensor Calibration Facility

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
John Hazen ◽  
L. Scorsone
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Boeing Company ◽  
Calibration Facility

The Boeing Infrared Sensor (BIRS) Calibration Facility represents a major capital investment by The Boeing Company in optical and infrared technology. The facility was designed and built for calibrating and testing new generation large aperture long wave infrared (LWIR) sensors, seekers, and related technologies. The capability exists to perform both radiometric and goniometric calibrations of large infrared sensors under simulated environmental operating conditions. The system is presently configured for endoatmospheric calibrations with a uniform background field that can be set to simulate the expected mission background levels. During calibration, the sensor under test is also exposed to expected mission temperatures and pressures within the test chamber. The facility could be converted for exoatmospheric testing. The first major test runs in the facility were completed during 1989 with very satisfactory results. This paper will describe system configuration and hardware elements, and will address the modifications made to date. Pitt-Des Moines. Inc. (PDM) of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was the contractor for the turnkey design and construction of the test chambers and thermal vacuum systems. Hughes Danbury Optical Systems (formerly Perkin Elmer Optical Systems) was the hardware supplier for the optical hardware. The Boeing Company performed all optical assembly, integration, testing, and alignment on-site.

The Application of Infrared Sensors Integrating Stepper Motor Based on C8051F120

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2133-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Hua Xin ◽  
Liang Yi Hu ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Stepper Motor ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Measured Object ◽  
The Status

This work uses infrared physical properties to induce objects. And test results determine whether stepper motor wil run. The infrared sensor is not direct in contact with the measured object. There is no friction. The system has high sensitivity and accuracy. So it can be applied in production lines and to monitor the status of devices which is sensitive of temperature, such as engines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document