Tribological Study of Vegetable Oil Based Lubricants - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Deepak ◽  
T.P. Jeevan ◽  
S.R. Jayaram
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Wear Reduction

Lubricants have a very crucial role in machinery industry for friction reduction and wear reduction between two relatively moving parts. The current study enlightens the works from various authors on evaluating the tribological behavior of environment friendly vegetable based oils as emerging biodegradable lubricants. The influences of the vegetable oils on friction and wear performance using different Tribometers were reported. The review focuses efforts on the development and commercialization of these vegetable based oils as industrial lubricants for manufacturing industries, mainly, metal forming and metal cutting. The review reveals that, many vegetable oils can be used as industrial lubricant, due to their exemplary attributes in terms of friction and wear reduction, which would help to decrease the universal demand of commercial lubricants which are based on petroleum resources to a great extent.

scholarly journals Tribological Behaviour of Graphene Nanoplatelets as Additive in Pongamia Oil

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Yeoh Jun Jie Jason ◽  
Heoy Geok How ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Hun Guan Chuah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Pongamia Oil ◽  
Interacting Surfaces ◽  
Worn Surface

This study investigated the tribological behaviour of Pongamia oil (PO) and 15W–40 mineral engine oil (MO) with and without the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The friction and wear characteristics were evaluated in four-ball anti-wear tests according to the ASTM D4172 standard. The morphology of worn surfaces and the lubrication mechanism of GNPs were investigated via SEM and EDS. This study also focuses on the tribological effect of GNP concentration at various concentrations. The addition of 0.05 wt % GNPs in PO and MO exhibits the lowest friction and wear with 17.5% and 12.24% friction reduction, respectively, and 11.96% and 5.14% wear reduction, respectively. Through SEM and EDS surface analysis, the surface enhancement on the worn surface by the polishing effect of GNPs was confirmed. The deposition of GNPs on the friction surface and the formation of a protective film prevent the interacting surfaces from rubbing, resulting in friction and wear reduction.

Tribological Characteristics of Diamond like Carbon Coating in the Presence of Environment Friendly Vegetable Based Oils

2015 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A.H. Al Mahmud ◽  
M.A. Kalam ◽  
H.H. Masjuki ◽  
H.M. Mobarak
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Carbon Coating ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Friction And Wear Characteristics

Nowadays environmental awareness issue draws the attention of the scientists; lubricant industry also focuses on environment friendly lubricating oils. Therefore, vegetable oils draw the attention of scientists because of environmental friendly as well as good lubricating characteristics. However, good lubricating vegetable oils often shows inferior property because of low thermal stability, hence, to enhance the performance of vegetable oils self-lubricating diamond like carbon coating is considered, which helps in lowering the friction force which in turn lower friction induced heating, as a result stability of vegetable oils increases. In this current research, three vegetable based oils (sunflower, palm, coconut) are considered as lubricating oil. Tribological tests are conducted by ball on plate tribo-testing machine, tetrahedral type diamond like carbon coated plates and uncoated balls are used in the tribo-pair. Among the testing conditions sunflower oil shows good friction and wear characteristics and coconut oil shows inferior friction and wear characteristics.

scholarly journals Effect of Ni/MoS2 Addition on Microstructure and Properties of Supersonic Plasma-Sprayed Ni-Based Composite Coatings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinsheng WANG ◽  
Wenbin HE ◽  
Junjian HOU ◽  
Kun LIU ◽  
Xihao YAN
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Supersonic Plasma ◽  
Plasma Sprayed

Abnormal tool wear is a significant problem encountered in machining. MoS2 has the function of friction reduction; thus, to mitigate friction, two Ni-based coatings, Ni60 and Ni60 + 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2, were obtained on tungsten steel using supersonic plasma technology. The microstructure, phase structure, microhardness, fatigue properties, and friction and wear properties of the two coatings were characterized. The results show that the two plasma-sprayed Ni-based coatings have desirable structures. The addition of Ni-coated MoS2 can effectively improve the hardness of the coatings, with values reaching as high as 735 HV. The speed of rotation of the friction ball was set as 200 r/min, and the cutting force was 201.6 N. The fatigue performance as well as the friction and wear performance of the coating are simulated using ANSYS. The fatigue performance is improved by 12.6 % after adding 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2, and the friction system of the coating becomes stable after 25 min of contact. The addition of 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2 can effectively improve the performance of the tool material.

FORMULATION OF REFINED, BLEACHED AND DEODORISED PALM STEARIN WITH ZINC DIALKYL-DITHIOPHOSPHATE ADDITIVE AND ITS TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Farhanah Azman ◽  
Syahrullail Samion ◽  
Erween Abd Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphate ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Lubricant Base Stock ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphate

Vegetable oils have recently received worldwide attention for their use as a lubricant base stock that has numerous advantages, including their environmental friendliness. In this study, a refined, bleached and deodorised palm stearin was selected as the base lubricant, and its friction and wear performance were investigated with a pin-on-disk tribotester. The effect of zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP) additive in concentrations of 1wt%, 3wt% and 5wt% on friction and wear performance were evaluated. Commercial semi-synthetic oil SAE 15W50 was used for comparison purposes. The experiments were conducted at a sliding speed of 1.5 m/s under a normal force of 9.81 N for 60 min. Results show that an increase in ZDDP concentrations improved both friction reduction and wear performance of the lubricant. The coefficient of friction (COF) of RBD palm stearin was reduced approximately at 71% when 5wt% of ZDDP was added and it shows that the friction reduction performance of PS+5wt% (COF=0.039) was comparable to SAE 15W50 (COF=0.035). While, wear coefficient of RBD palm stearin was reduced significantly from 2.08 × 10−3 to 8.89 x 10−5 when 5wt% ZDDP additive was added and it shows that the wear performance of PS+5wt% was better than that of SAE 15W50, 1.94 x 10−4. Further analysis of the wear worn surface with a high-resolution optical microscope was also conducted with a surface profilometer to examine the metallurgy of the pin surface and the roughness of the pin.  

Effect of Reinforcement on the Tribological Behavior of CuFe-Based Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Guo ◽  
Nan Qu ◽  
Jian Feng Yang ◽  
Jun-Ichi Matsushita ◽  
Seung Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Particle ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Braking Performance

Two types of CuFe matrix composites with different reinforcements: silica and alumina particulates were developed using powder metallurgy. The mechanical properties were determined from Brinell hardness and flexural strength. The dry sliding friction and wear performance of the composites were investigated by the friction test. The results indicated that mechanical properties of alumina were superior to those of silica. The friction tests of the composites showed that the alumina reinforcement particle provides better braking performance. A wear track examination of composites showed that same abrasive wear. Our results indicated that composites with alumina reinforcement particles of high compatibility are to be preferred for braking performance.

scholarly journals Tribological Behavior of Lamellar Molybdenum Trioxide as a Lubricant Additive

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Xiangyong Lu ◽  
Shaogang Zhang ◽  
Songyong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Lubricant Additive ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Friction Reducing ◽  
Friction And Wear Tests

In this study, the tribological behavior of lamellar MoO3 as a lubricant additive was investigated under different concentrations, particle sizes, normal loads, velocity, and temperature. The friction and wear tests were performed using a tribometer and with a reciprocating motion. The results indicate that the friction-reducing ability and antiwear property of the base oil can be improved effectively with the addition of lamellar MoO3. The 0.5 wt % and 0.1 wt % concentrations of MoO3 yield the best antifriction and antiwear effects, respectively. The maximum friction and wear reduction is 19.8% and 55.9%, compared with that of the base oil. It is also found the MoO3 additive can decrease the friction considerably under a high velocity and normal load, and increase the working temperature. The smaller the size of MoO3, the better the friction-reducing effect the lamellar MoO3 shows. The friction-reducing and antiwear mechanisms of lamellar MoO3 were discussed.

Effects of Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles on Friction and Wear Reduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dai ◽  
Kyungjun Lee ◽  
Alexander M. Sinyukov ◽  
Hong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Tribochemical Reaction ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Light Mineral ◽  
Effective Additive

In this research, rheological and tribological performance of additive V2O5 nanoparticles in a light mineral oil has been investigated. For rheological performance, the addition of 0.2 wt. % V2O5 could reduce the viscosity of the base oil for 6%. Considering the overall friction reduction in boundary, mixed, and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes, that with 0.1 wt. % V2O5 exhibited the best effect. Friction coefficient of base oil could be reduced by 33%. In terms of wear, the addition of 0.2 wt. % V2O5 showed the lowest wear rate, which is 44% reduction compared to base oil. Through Raman spectrum and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, it was found that V2O5 involved tribochemical reaction during rubbing. Vanadium intermetallic alloy (V–Fe–Cr) was found to enhance the antiwear performance. This research revealed that V2O5 nanoparticles could be an effective additive to improve tribological performance.

Tribological Properties of Ammonium Protic Ionic Liquids As Additives in Polyalphaolefin for Steel-Steel Contact

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Guo ◽  
Patricia Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Lubricant Additives ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effective Lubricant ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Brønsted Base

Abstract Around 23% of the world’s energy consumption results from rubbing contacts, in which 20% is used to overcome friction and 3% is due to wear and the consequent failure. The implementation of lubricants and effective lubricant additives are indispensable to reduce friction and wear of rubbing materials. Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs), which are easily obtained by proton transfer from a Brønsted acid to a Brønsted base, have shown great potential to be used as lubricants due to their structures and tunable properties. In this study, two kinds of novel PILs, bis(2-hydroxyethylammonium) succinate (DSu) and tri-[bis(2-hydroxyethylammonium)] citrate (DCi), were synthesized and tested as lubricant additives. The tribological behavior of the two PILs is studied as additives in 1 wt. % to a base synthetic lubricant (PAO) for steel-steel contact under different temperatures (room temperature and 100°C) and normal loads (3 N and 4 N) using a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer. When 1 wt. % of any PILs is added into PAO, friction is reduced compared to that with neat PAO at all temperatures and loads studied, and good anti-wear performance is also obtained under the higher temperature studied. Particularly, 1 wt. % DCi +PAO shows the best high-temperature tribological behavior under 4N, with friction and wear reductions of 33% and 35%, respectively.

TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF ELECTROLESS Ni–P COATINGS IN VARIOUS CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650040 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIKASH PANJA ◽  
SUMAN KALYAN DAS ◽  
PRASANTA SAHOO
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Electroless Ni

The present paper deals with the study of tribological characteristics, viz. friction and wear, of electroless Ni–P coating in corrosive environments (brine, acidic and alkaline) by varying different coating process parameters as well as varying the tribological testing parameters, viz. applied load and speed. The optimized results of coating process parameters for minimum friction and wear performance of the coating are presented. Moreover, a detailed study of the tribological behavior of the coating is undertaken individually for the three corrosive environments. The results obtained are compared among each other and also with the dry condition test of the coating. It is found that the friction coefficient of Ni–P coating decreases with increase in load for all environments. In case of wear, the wear rate of Ni–P coating gradually increases with increase in load for all mediums but the same decreases after 40[Formula: see text]N in brine and alkaline mediums. However, for acidic solution, the wear rate shows a continuous increasing trend. It is observed that alkaline and brine environments are favorable from friction and wear point of view of the coating, respectively. Microstructure study of the coatings is also performed and the coating is found to be of cauliflower-like morphology. The coating also exhibits amorphous structure in as-deposited condition, which gradually turns crystalline with heat treatment.

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