Separation of Carotenoids from Physalis Alkekengi var. Francheti through Supercritical CO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2414-2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Mei Jing Yang ◽  
Qing Ma ◽  
Shao Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Relative Deviation ◽  
Time Profiles

Separation of carotenoids has been carried out on the calyx of Physalis alkekengi var. francheti by means of supercritical CO2. The influences of various parameters such as extraction pressure, temperature, processing time and particle size on the total carotenoid yield extracted are investigated in detail. A diffusion layer theory model is used to correlate the extraction yield vs. time profiles and it performs rather satisfactorily to describe the extraction process with an average absolute relative deviation varying from 3.2 to 11.0%.

scholarly journals Effect of particle sizes and sodium hydroxide concentrations on silica extraction from minerals obtained in Kalirejo village, Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta

Eksergi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Tutik Muji Setyoningrum ◽  
Wibiana Wulan Nandari ◽  
Sri Wahyu Murni ◽  
Muhamad Maulana Azimatun Nur
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Solid Liquid

Silica is mainly used in the production of rubber, glass, cement, glass, ceramics, paper, cosmetics, electronics, paintings, healthcare and other industries. Kalirejo village has a potential abundant resource of silica minerals. However, to refine it, high cost of extraction should be done to obtain high purity of silica. Different refining methods influence different purity of the silica. The purpose of this research was to study the refining process of mineral rock silica from Kalirejo village, Kokap, Kulonprogo by emplying simple and cheap solid-liquid extraction. Extraction was done by varying the particle size at 100 - 200 mesh, while NaOH concentration was varied in 0.5 N to 5 N.  Results showed that minerals taken from Kalirejo village was dominated by silica (23%).  The largest extract (4.89 gram) was obtained at 200 mesh and using NaOH 5 N with yield of 15.07%. Higher NaOH and higher particle size enhanced the extraction yield. This finding could help small communities in Kalirejo village to enhance the quality of silica by employing simple and cheap extraction process.

scholarly journals Valorization of Chicken Feet By-Product of the Poultry Industry: High Qualities of Gelatin and Biofilm from Extraction of Collagen

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
José C. C. Santana ◽  
Roberta B. Gardim ◽  
Poliana F. Almeida ◽  
Giovanna B. Borini ◽  
Ada P. B. Quispe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Texture Characteristics

In this research, products with high quality were obtained from natural sources. The sensorial qualities, chemical characterization, and physical properties of gelatin extracted from chicken feet were compared with commercial gelatins. The extraction process was performed using acetic acid on a concentration ranging from 0.318% to 3.682%, processing time between 1.0 h and 8.4 h and extraction temperature between 43.3 °C and 76.8 °C. After the end of each assay, the yield was measured. Results showed that, under the best conditions, the collagen extraction yield was above 8%, and comprised 78.525 g/100 g of protein. Collagen analyzed by ICP-MS was composed of 99.44% of macro-minerals that are of great importance to human health. ATR-FTIR analysis showed that approximately 70.90% of the total protein from chicken feet is collagen, whereas, in commercial gelatin, only 30.31% is collagen. When comparing chicken gelatin with commercial gelatin, most sensory attributes were similar and chicken gelatin gained acceptance by more than 80% of the consumers. Additionally, the collagen films obtained from chicken feet and swine showed water absorption, odors, and texture characteristics similar to commercial material, such as latex and celofane. Consequently, due to its similarity to human skin, it is possible to apply it as a biocurative.

A Study on the Investigation of Diffusion Coefficient for Oil Extraction from Terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.) Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Fatih Kaya ◽  
Ahmet Özer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Pistacia Terebinthus

Objective: In this study, the extraction of oil from Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds grown in Elazig-TURKEY and called menengic in domestic region was investigated. Crude oil content of the seeds obtained from this region was determined as approximately 47% (w/w). Methods: Effects of the parameters such as extraction time, temperature, seeds/solvent ratio (dosage), the particle size of seeds and type of solvent were examined on the oil extraction yield. In this context, it has concluded that up to a certain point, the extraction time has increased the yield of oil extracted. But the extraction temperature showed activity as depending on the solvent type. Results: As expected, it has been observed that the yield of oil has decreased depending on the increase in particle size and dosage as well. The mathematical model obtained by solving Fick's second law under the appropriate boundary and initial conditions were used to calculate diffusion coefficients for the extraction process. Diffusion coefficients for the seeds with a particle size of 0.55 mm were found to be between 1.15x10-11 and 1.86x10-11 m2s-1. To compare the extraction yield of Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds with that of sunflower at the same conditions, the diffusion coefficients of sunflower seeds were calculated in the range of 9.11x10-12 and 1.13x10-11 m2s-1. Conclusion: These figures show that the diffusion coefficients calculated for both oily seeds are nearly equivalent to each other. The fatty acid composition of extracted oil from Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds was determined by GC-FID. The GC-FID results showed that oleic, linoleic (ω-6) and palmitic acid were main fatty acids in the oil obtained from menengic seeds.

Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Xiao Han Shi ◽  
Shao Fang Liu ◽  
Wei Juan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Orthogonal Array Design ◽  
Array Design ◽  
Different Sources

An orthogonal array design was employed for optimizing the supercritical CO2 extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae. The extraction was performed at temperature from 40 to 60oC, pressure from 15 to 35MPa, extraction time varying from 30 to 90min and particle size spanning from 20 to 80 mesh. The results reflect that the extraction yield is more significantly influenced by the extraction time, pressure and particle size but less by temperature. The experiments show that the extraction yield obviously increases with increasing pressure, different from the literatures. In terms of the sample origin, a comparison shows that outstanding differences exist among the extraction yields from different sources.

Extraction Process of Amaranthine Pigment Keeping the Water Wax Fuit Biological Active

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Feng Jie Wang ◽  
Xin Qiao Dong ◽  
Xiao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Pigment Extraction ◽  
Acid Aqueous Solution ◽  
The Stability

Development natural pigment retained a variety of nutrition composition is extremely research value.Water Wax Trees Fruit was as raw materials,citric acid aqueous solution was as extracting agent.Amaranthine pigment extraction method were studied on fully grasping the stability of the natural amaranthine pigment and no damage to the water wax fruit biological activity.The effect of extraction yield were studied on Water Wax Trees Fruit natural amaranthine pigment.The results show that the better extraction conditions are extraction temperature at 70 °C, extraction time for 3h,citric acid concentration1.0 % , the material/liquid ration(g/ml) 1:5.The extraction yield is 2.95%.Ultraviolet absorption maximum wavelength is 280 nm.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis System of KNN and ID3 Algorithm for Music Classification based on Mood Feature Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Made Sudarma ◽  
I Gede Harsemadi
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
K Value ◽  
Id3 Algorithm ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Music Information

Each of music which has been created, has its own mood which is emitted, therefore, there has been many researches in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) field that has been done for recognition of mood to music.  This research produced software to classify music to the mood by using K-Nearest Neighbor and ID3 algorithm.  In this research accuracy performance comparison and measurement of average classification time is carried out which is obtained based on the value produced from music feature extraction process.  For music feature extraction process it uses 9 types of spectral analysis, consists of 400 practicing data and 400 testing data.  The system produced outcome as classification label of mood type those are contentment, exuberance, depression and anxious.  Classification by using algorithm of KNN is good enough that is 86.55% at k value = 3 and average processing time is 0.01021.  Whereas by using ID3 it results accuracy of 59.33% and average of processing time is 0.05091 second.

scholarly journals Lipid Extraction fromSpirulinasp. andSchizochytriumsp. Using Supercritical CO2with Methanol

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Liu ◽  
Husam A. Abu Hajar ◽  
Guy Riefler ◽  
Ben J. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
High Lipid

Microalgae are one of the most promising feedstocks for biodiesel production due to their high lipid content and easy farming. However, the extraction of lipids from microalgae is energy intensive and costly and involves the use of toxic organic solvents. Compared with organic solvent extraction, supercritical CO2(SCCO2) has demonstrated advantages through lower toxicity and no solvent-liquid separation. Due to the nonpolar nature of SCCO2, polar organic solvents such as methanol may need to be added as a modifier in order to increase the extraction ability of SCCO2. In this paper, pilot scale lipid extraction using SCCO2was studied on two microalgae species:Spirulinasp. andSchizochytriumsp. For each species, SCCO2extraction was conducted on 200 g of biomass for 6 h. Methanol was added as a cosolvent in the extraction process based on a volume ratio of 4%. The results showed that adding methanol in SCCO2increased the lipid extraction yield significantly for both species. Under an operating pressure of 4000 psi, the lipid extraction yields forSpirulinasp. andSchizochytriumsp. were increased by 80% and 72%, respectively. It was also found that a stepwise addition of methanol was more effective than a one-time addition. In comparison with Soxhlet extraction using methylene chloride/methanol (2:1, v/v), the methanol-SCCO2extraction demonstrated its high effectiveness for lipid extraction. In addition, the methanol-SCCO2system showed a high lipid extraction yield after increasing biomass loading fivefold, indicating good potential for scaling up this method. Finally, a kinetic study of the SCCO2extraction process was conducted, and the results showed that methanol concentration in SCCO2has the strongest influence on the lipid extraction yield.

scholarly journals Subcritical Water Extraction of Chestnut Bark and Optimization of Process Parameters

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Gagić ◽  
Željko Knez ◽  
Mojca Škerget
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Subcritical Water Extraction ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters

The aim of the work was the optimization of the subcritical water extraction process of chestnut bark using Box–Behnken response surface methodology. The influence of process parameters, such as temperature, extraction time and solvent-solid ratio, on extraction yield, yield of the main compounds, total phenol content, total tannin content and antioxidant activity has been investigated. The identified compounds were ellagic and gallic acids, ellagitannins (vescalagin, castalagin, 1-o-galloyl castalagin, vescalin and castalin), sugars (maltose, glucose, fructose and arabinose) and sugar derivatives (5-HMF, furfural and levulinic acid). Finally, the optimal process conditions for obtaining the bark extract highly rich in ellagic acid and with satisfactory levels of total phenols and total tannins have been determined.

Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Rapeseed Oil and Protein from Dehulled Cold-pressed Double-low Rapeseed Cake

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xing Niu ◽  
Wenlin Li ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Qingde Huang ◽  
Mulan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Enzymatic Extraction ◽  
Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction ◽  
Rapeseed Cake ◽  
Cold Press ◽  
Cold Pressed

Abstract The oil and protein of dehulled cold-pressed double-low rapeseed cake was extracted by an aqueous enzymatic process. The rapeseed cake was treated by the chosen combined enzymes of Viscozyme L and Alcalase 2.4L (VLA,1:1,w/w). Preliminary experiments and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to study the effects of enzyme concentration, incubation time and water-to-cake ratio on the extraction yield of oil and protein. This is how the desirable conditions were obtained. Transmissive electron microscope photo showed that after cold-pressing the cell structure of rapeseed was partly damaged while dehulling had little effect on the cell structure of rapeseed. In RSM experiments water-to-cake ratio showed significant effects on the extraction of oil and protein (P<0.05),while incubation time only showed significant effects on protein yield (P<0.05).The desirable conditions were as follows: 1.0% concentration (w/w) of VLA; water-to-cake ratio(w/w),6:1; 80 min incubation time. Under this condition, the extraction yield of protein and oil were 82.10% and 71.89%, respectively. Through combining both the cold-press and the aqueous enzymatic processes together, the total oil yield reached 91.6%, which is higher than the normal cold-press process or the aqueous enzymatic extraction process alone.

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