Photoinitiation Synthesis and Properties of Anionic Polyacrylamide

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1064-1067
Author(s):  
Lin Lin Zhang ◽  
Rong Chun Nie ◽  
Shuai Ma ◽  
Yin Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sodium Acrylate ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Synthetic Product ◽  
Anionic Polyacrylamide

Through the photoinitiation technology synthetizes anionic polyacrylamide (APAM), with the raw material of sodium acrylate (AANa) and acrylamide (AM). The results show that the best ratio of AANa-AM is 1:3, mass fraction of AM is 30%, pH value is 7.0, reaction temperature is 40°C, good intrinsic viscosity and solubility in APAM can be obtained.Meanwhile, IR characterization meets APAM characteristic groups using for application characterization of Qian ying zi slime water and the results show that the product can be seen from flocculation results of synthetic product on the coal slurry with the light transmission rate of 88.1%.

scholarly journals The elementary characterization of anthill clay for composite materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Aluvihara ◽  
C.S. Kalpage ◽  
P.W.S.K. Bandaranayake
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Advanced Material ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Elementary Characterization

Anthill clay is a distinct soil/clay genre among common soil types because of the extraordinary stockpiling method. The small particles are carried in and erected an anthill by a small creature that it is called as termite. In generally, clay is a conspicuous raw material for industrial applications greatly and the assay of expediencies of anthill clay for advanced material applications were the prospects of the existing research. Carefully collected anthill clay samples were characterized under the physically and chemically using standard procedures and instruments. The mechanical characteristics of prepared bricks from anthill clays under 8000C were investigated. As the major outcomes of the existing investigation of raw clays, there were looked to 5.56 of PH value, 15% of natural moisture content, gap graded and symmetrically distributed arrangement of grains, 60% finer particle percentage (<0.075mm) according to the weight, composition of Fe, Ti, Ba and K based compounds including Fe minerals with large sorption capacity for other metals. In addition that 25% of water absorption, 2.62 of bulk specific gravity, 65% of apparent porosity, 21 Mpa compressive strength and 0.4 Mpa splitting tensile strength were observed with respect to the bricks which were prepared from the anthill clay. Based on the behaviors of such anthill clay it should be an influential material in the advanced material manufacturing in the industrial purposes such as the water treatments, rigid materials, catalysts and refractors.

Synthesis of O'-SiAlON/SiC Ecomaterials by Using Non-Traditional Resources: Yangtze River Sand

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Shun Hao ◽  
Li Hua Xu ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Xiao Meng Zhang ◽  
Jian Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Sic Composites

O'-SiAlON/SiC ecomaterials were synthesized by using the Yangtze River sand that containing abundant Si and Al elements as the major raw material with minor additives through the carbothermal reduction nitridation route combined with colloidal process. This study realized the conversion of ecomaterials from non-traditional resources, Yangtze River sand. Orthogonal design was adopted to optimize the colloidal process parameters. The green compact with the largest bulk density was obtained when the solid volume loading is 50%, the addition mass fraction of SL is 0.8%, the addition mass fraction of CMC is 0.05%, the ball milling time is 10 h, the pH value is 9 and particle size distribution is multi-peak in the colloidal process. The effects of reduction agent, flowing rate of N2, sintering temperature during carbothermal reduction nitridation process on the microstructure of as-fabricated SiAlON materials were explored. The XRD results indicated that when sintering temperature is 1450°C, maintaining time is 6 h, flowing rate of N2 is 1.0 L/min and carbon black is selected as reduction agent, O-SiAlON/SiC composites was successfully synthesized. The SEM images showed the densificated microstructure and uniform grains with the short column shape.

The Synthesis and Application of Photoinitiators Chitosan-Graft-Acrylamide Polymer Flocculants

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Xian Jia
Keyword(s):  
Light Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Flocculation Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Graft Reaction

Chitosan and acrylamide were used for graft reaction by photoinitiator, and flocculation performance of grafted product was also studied. In addition, the impact of the trigger system, reaction time and temperature on product performance were discussed in detail. Structure property of the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. It is found that the highest stem grafting rate of graft copolymer can reach 239.4 % using this process, and the specific viscosity of product can reach 820 ml/g. The flocculation test was done by coal slurry water, and its result shows that the light transmission rate of slime water is up to 98.7 %.

Effects of pH Value and Water Content of Sol on TiO2 Photocatalytic Activity Prepared by SAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 864-867
Author(s):  
Zai Feng Shi ◽  
Su Min Zhang ◽  
Su Guo
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effects Of Ph

To investigate the effects of sol pH value and water content on photocatalytic activity of TiO2 prepared with sol-gel auto-igniting synthesis (SAS) method, TiO(NO3)2 was prepared with TiCl4 as raw material and used as precursor of TiO2. By changing sol pH value and water content, different TiO2 powders were prepared and characterized with XRD, SEM and photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). Results indicated that TiO2 presented the highest photocatalytic activity while sol pH value and mass fraction of water were adjusted to 7 and 50% respectively while the mole ratio of n (TiCl4): n (citric acid): n (ammonium nitrate) was fixed as 1: 1: 3. The TiO2 powders were confirmed as loose and porous anatase type with particle size of 15 nm by SEM and XRD.

scholarly journals THE ELEMENTARY CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTHILL CLAY FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
SURESH ALUVIHARA ◽  
C. S. KALPAGE ◽  
P. W. S. K. BANDARANAYAKE
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Advanced Material ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Elementary Characterization

Anthill clay is a distinct soil/clay genre among common soil types because of the stockpiling method. The small particles are carried in and erected an anthill by a small creature that it is called as termite. In generally, clay is a conspicuous raw material for industrial applications greatly and the assay of expediencies of anthill clay for advanced material applications were the prospects of the existing research. Carefully collected anthill clay samples were characterized under the physically and chemically using standard procedures and instruments. The mechanical characteristics of prepared bricks from anthill clays under 8000C were investigated. As the major outcomes of the existing investigation of raw clays, there were looked to 5.56 of PH value, 15% of natural moisture content, gap graded and symmetrically distributed arrangement of grains, 60% finer particle percentage (<0.075mm) according to the weight, composition of Fe, Ti, Ba and K based compounds including Fe minerals with large sorption capacity for other metals. In addition that 25% of water absorption, 2.62 of bulk specific gravity, 65% of apparent porosity, 21 MPa compressive strength and 0.4 MPa splitting tensile strength were observed with respect to the bricks which were prepared from the anthill clay. Based on the behaviors of such anthill clay it should be an influential material in the advanced material manufacturing in the industrial purposes such as the water treatments, rigid materials and refractors.

Preparation and Character of Inorganic Polymeric Coagulates from Fly Ash by Activation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 679-682
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Metal Scrap ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Original Product ◽  
Flocculation Time

Using the main raw material of fly ash, metal scrap and waste industrial acid, with the activating method of specific self-activator ,can prepare poly-ferric-aluminum-silicate(PFAS) flocculant of inorganic polymeric coagulates. Specific activator can effectively open the Si-Al bond in the fly-ash, greatly enhance the leaching rate of each element by adding a special activator (M), the added amount of M: SiO2 = 1:3, activation time of 1 hour, activation temperature to 900 °C, get the original product, on 65 °C with turbid acid to stir and leach, leaching time is 2 hours, get the best rate of leaching. By Controlling Molar ratio of (Al + Fe) and Si 1:1, Silicic acid polymerization pH 1.7, by choosing the appropriate amounts of flocculants and flocculation time ,can get the very good flocculation function, the light transmission rate of the handling-water may amount to more than 92.7%.

Ecological aspects of modernization of alcohol industry enterprises at the present stage of development

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Marianna Havryshko ◽  
◽  
Olena Popovych ◽  
Halyna Yaremko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
World Industry

At the present stage of development, the entire world industry has faced the problem of rational use of renewable natural resources, in particular the most efficient ways of wastewater treatment and the use of accumulated waste in the production process as a secondary raw material. In particular, the alcohol industry, as one of the components of food, medical, chemical and various industries,leads to the formation of huge amounts of waste, including wastewater. The food industry, like any other industry, has a negative impact on the environment. Water bodies are the most affected by the food industry. Almost the first place in terms of water consumption per unit of production is the production of alcohol. Consumption of large amounts of water leads to the formation of wastewater, which is highly polluted and adversely affects the environment. Due to the high chemical and biological consumption of oxygen, specific color and odor, suspended solids, low pH value, the purification of such waste in the filtration fields and discharge into water bodies is not possible. The purpose of our work is: 1) conducting the analysis of the alcohol industry potential in Ukraine in recent years, and methods of waste disposal as a potential source for the development of bioenergy. 2) environmental aspects of the alcohol industry modernization at present stage of development and implementation of modern wastewater treatment technologies.

Storage Problems of Poplar Chips from Short Rotation Plantations with Special Emphasis on Fungal Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Horváth ◽  
Béla Marosvölgyi ◽  
Christine Idler ◽  
Ralf Pecenka ◽  
Hannes Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Fungal Particles

Abstract - There are several problems in storing wood chips freshly harvested from short rotation plantations, which result in quality losses as well as in dry matter and energy losses. The factors influencing the degradation of raw material are examined in this paper with special focus on fungal development. An excessive growth of fungi is connected to dry matter losses and also to an increased health risk during raw material handling. The following factors were measured during 6 months storage of poplar wood chips depending on particle size: box temperature, moisture content, pH-value, appearance of fungi in the storage and the concentration of fungal particles in the air. The results show a close connection between particle size, temperature and attack of fungi. During the storage mesophilic and termophilic species of the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Mucor and Penicillium appeared. The concentration of fungal particles is the highest for fine chips and decreases in bigger particles. There was a special focus on the investigation of the properties of coarse chips (G 50), which represent a good compromise between handling, storage losses and health risk due to fungal development.

scholarly journals Microscopic Image Segmentation and Morphological Characterization of Novel Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/Nisin Films Using Antimicrobial Technique for Blueberry Preservation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Schahrazad Soltane ◽  
Mahmoud Helal
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Material Ductility

In the current work, the characterization of novel chitosan/silica nanoparticle/nisin films with the addition of nisin as an antimicrobial technique for blueberry preservation during storage is investigated. Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/N (CH-SN-N) films presented a stable suspension as the surface loads (45.9 mV) and the distribution was considered broad (0.62). The result shows that the pH value was increased gradually with the addition of nisin to 4.12, while the turbidity was the highest at 0.39. The content of the insoluble matter and contact angle were the highest for the Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle (CH-SN) film at 5.68%. The use of nano-materials in chitosan films decreased the material ductility, reduced the tensile strength and elongation-at-break of the membrane. The coated blueberries with Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle/N films reported the lowest microbial contamination counts at 2.82 log CFU/g followed by Chitosan/Silica Nanoparticle at 3.73 and 3.58 log CFU/g for the aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts population, respectively. It was observed that (CH) film extracted 94 regions with an average size of 449.10, at the same time (CH-SN) film extracted 169 regions with an average size of 130.53. The (CH-SN-N) film presented the best result at 5.19%. It could be observed that the size of the total region of the fruit for the (CH) case was the smallest (1663 pixels), which implied that the fruit lost moisture content. As a conclusion, (CH-SN-N) film is recommended for blueberry preservation to prolong the shelf-life during storage.

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