Effect of N2 Flow on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Resistance of CrNx Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 2117-2120
Author(s):  
Guo Zheng Nie ◽  
Chun Liang Zhong ◽  
Lan E Luo ◽  
Ren Long Zhou ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Mixed Phase ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Two Phases

A series of CrNx coatings were deposited by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering. The microstructure, the hardness and oxidation resistance of the thin films were characterized respectively with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nanoindentor. The effect of N2 flow on the microstructure, the hardness and oxidation resistance was studied. It was found that the CrNx film has two phases, the conformation of hcp-Cr2N (hexagonal structure) and fcc-CrN (face-centered cubic). In CrNx film phase structure, with N2 flow increasing, there is the conformation of CrNx films transition from Cr2N to Cr2N and CrN mixed phase, the final CrN single-phase. A single phase of CrNx films has very high hardness while thin film as mixed phase showed a low hardness. CrN has better oxidation resistance with the oxidation resistance temperature of 500°C to 600°C compared to Cr2N. Comparison of Cr2N and CrN on the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, CrN has better comprehensive performance for protective hard coatings.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Zr–Si–N Films Fabricated through HiPIMS/RFMS Co-Sputtering

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chun Chang ◽  
Yu-Zhe Zheng ◽  
Yung-I Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

Zr–Si–N films were fabricated through the co-deposition of high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) and radio-frequency magnetron sputtering (RFMS). The mechanical properties of the films fabricated using various nitrogen flow rates and radio-frequency powers were investigated. The HiPIMS/RFMS co-sputtered Zr–Si–N films were under-stoichiometric. These films with Si content of less than 9 at.%, and N content of less than 43 at.% displayed a face-centered cubic structure. The films’ hardness and Young’s modulus exhibited an evident relationship to their compressive residual stresses. The films with 2–6 at.% Si exhibited high hardness of 33–34 GPa and high Young’s moduli of 346–373 GPa, which was accompanied with compressive residual stresses from −4.4 to −5.0 GPa.

scholarly journals Novel Co-Cu-Based Immiscible Medium-Entropy Alloys with Promising Mechanical Properties

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Sujung Son ◽  
Jongun Moon ◽  
Hyeonseok Kwon ◽  
Peyman Asghari Rad ◽  
Hidemi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Strength And Ductility ◽  
Cobalt Copper

New AlxCo50−xCu50−xMnx (x = 2.5, 10, and 15 atomic %, at%) immiscible medium-entropy alloys (IMMEAs) were designed based on the cobalt-copper binary system. Aluminum, a strong B2 phase former, was added to enhance yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, while manganese was added for additional solid solution strengthening. In this work, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the designed Al-Co-Cu-Mn system are examined. The alloys exhibit phase separation into dual face-centered cubic (FCC) phases due to the miscibility gap of the cobalt-copper binary system with the formation of CoAl-rich B2 phases. The hard B2 phases significantly contribute to the strength of the alloys, whereas the dual FCC phases contribute to elongation mitigating brittle fracture. Consequently, analysis of the Al-Co-Cu-Mn B2-strengthened IMMEAs suggest that the new alloy design methodology results in a good combination of strength and ductility.

scholarly journals Irradiation Behaviors in BCC Multi-Component Alloys with Different Lattice Distortions

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Yue Su ◽  
Songqin Xia ◽  
Jia Huang ◽  
Qingyuan Liu ◽  
Haocheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
Chemical Complexity ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Vacuum Arc Melting ◽  
Lattice Distortions ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Displacement Per Atom

Recently, the irradiation behaviors of multi-component alloys have stimulated an increasing interest due to their ability to suppress the growth of irradiation defects, though the mostly studied alloys are limited to face centered cubic (fcc) structured multi-component alloys. In this work, two single-phase body centered cubic (bcc) structured multi-component alloys (CrFeV, AlCrFeV) with different lattice distortions were prepared by vacuum arc melting, and the reference of α-Fe was also prepared. After 6 MeV Au ions irradiation to over 100 dpa (displacement per atom) at 500 °C, the bcc structured CrFeV and AlCrFeV exhibited significantly improved irradiation swelling resistance compared to α-Fe, especially AlCrFeV. The AlCrFeV alloy possesses superior swelling resistance, showing no voids compared to α-Fe and CrFeV alloy, and scarce irradiation softening appears in AlCrFeV. Owing to their chemical complexity, it is believed that the multi-component alloys under irradiation have more defect recombination and less damage accumulation. Accordingly, we discuss the origin of irradiation resistance and the Al effect in the studied bcc structured multi-component alloys.

scholarly journals Effect of Sm Doping on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Shape Memory Effect of Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4007
Author(s):  
Qimeng Zhang ◽  
Bo Cui ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhizhong Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Compressive Fracture ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Fine Grain Strengthening ◽  
Face Centered

The effects of rare earth element Sm on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and shape memory effect of the high temperature shape memory alloy, Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-xSm (x = 0, 0.2 and 0.5) (wt.%), are studied in this work. The results show that the Sm addition reduces the grain size of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni alloy from millimeters to hundreds of microns. The microstructure of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-xSm alloys are composed of 18R and a face-centered cubic Sm-rich phase at room temperature. In addition, because the addition of the Sm element enhances the fine-grain strengthening effect, the mechanical properties and the shape memory effect of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni alloy were greatly improved. When x = 0.5, the compressive fracture stress and the compressive fracture strain increased from 580 MPa, 10.5% to 1021 MPa, 14.8%, respectively. When the pre-strain is 10%, a reversible strain of 6.3% can be obtained for the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-0.2Sm alloy.

scholarly journals Development of Novel Lightweight Al-Rich Quinary Medium-Entropy Alloys with High Strength and Ductility

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4223
Author(s):  
Po-Sung Chen ◽  
Yu-Chin Liao ◽  
Yen-Ting Lin ◽  
Pei-Hua Tsai ◽  
Jason S. C. Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Face Centered

Most high-entropy alloys and medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) possess outstanding mechanical properties. In this study, a series of lightweight nonequiatomic Al50–Ti–Cr–Mn–V MEAs with a dual phase were produced through arc melting and drop casting. These cast alloys were composed of body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic phases. The density of all investigated MEAs was less than 5 g/cm3 in order to meet energy and transportation industry requirements. The effect of each element on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of these MEAs was investigated. All the MEAs demonstrated outstanding compressive strength, with no fractures observed after a compressive strain of 20%. Following the fine-tuning of the alloy composition, the Al50Ti20Cr10Mn15V5 MEA exhibited the most compressive strength (~1800 MPa) and ductility (~34%). A significant improvement in the mechanical compressive properties was achieved (strength of ~2000 MPa, strain of ~40%) after annealing (at 1000 °C for 0.5 h) and oil-quenching. With its extremely high specific compressive strength (452 MPa·g/cm3) and ductility, the lightweight Al50Ti20Cr10Mn15V5 MEA demonstrates good potential for energy or transportation applications in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Contents of Each Component on the Structural Stability and Mechanical Properties of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni High-Entropy Alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2832
Author(s):  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Cunlin Xin ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Chunqiang Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Stability ◽  
High Entropy Alloys ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Component Content ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
And Performance

The structural stability of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is closely related to their mechanical properties. The precise control of the component content is a key step toward understanding their structural stability and further determining their mechanical properties. In this study, first-principle calculations were performed to investigate the effects of different contents of each component on the structural stability and mechanical properties of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs based on the supercell model. Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs were constructed based on a single face-centered cubic (FCC) solid solution. Elemental components have a clear effect on their structure and performance; the Cr and Fe elements have an obvious effect on the structural stability and equilibrium lattice constant, respectively. The Ni elements have an obvious effect on stiffness. The Pugh ratios indicate that Cr and Ni addition may increase ductility, whereas Co and Fe addition may decrease it. With increasing Co and Fe contents or decreasing Cr and Ni contents, the structural stability and stiffness of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs are improved. The structural stability and mechanical properties may be related to the strength of the metallic bonding and covalent bonding inside Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs, which, in turn, is determined by the change in element content. Our results provide the underlying insights needed to guide the optimization of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs with excellent mechanical properties.

Effect of Ferrite Volume Fraction on Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
G. Zhu ◽  
W. Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
X80 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Hardening Behavior ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Better Than

The effect of volume fraction of ferrite on the mechanical properties including strength, plasticity and wok hardening was systematically investigated in X80 pipeline steel in order to improve the plasticity. The microstructures with different volume fraction of ferrite and bainite were obtained by heat-treatment processing and the mechanical properties were tested. The work hardening behavior was analyzed by C-J method. The results show that the small amount of ferrite could effectively improve the plasticity. The work hardening ability and the ratio of yield/tensile strength with two phases of ferrite/bainite would be obviously better than that with single phase of bainite. The improvement of plasticity could be attributed to the ferrite in which more plastic deformation was afforded.

INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE AND ATOMIC CONCENTRATION ON STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CuNi ALLOY BY MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Thao Nguyen Thi ◽  
Hang Trinh Thi Thu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Embedded Atom Method ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Atomic Concentration ◽  
Common Neighbor ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Embedded Atom ◽  
The Common ◽  
Face Centered

The structure and mechanical properties of Cu80Ni20 and Cu50Ni50 alloys with the size of 4000 atoms have been investigated using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The interactions between atoms of the system were calculated by the Sutton-Chen type of embedded atom method. Using a cooling rate of 0.01 K\ps, we find that both Ni and Cu atoms are crystallized into face centered cubic (fcc) and the hexagonal close packed (hcp) phases when the sample was cooled down to 300 K. The atomic concentration of CuNi alloy samples have a different effect on this crystallization. The transformation to the crystalline phase is analyzed through the Common Neighbor Analysis (CNA) methods. Furthermore, we focus on the dependence of the mechanical properties of CuNi alloy on pressure and atomic concentration

First-Principles Study on Mechanical Properties of IVB-Group Transition-Metal Nitrides TiN, ZrN, and HfN

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1451-1456
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Zhi Qian Chen ◽  
Chun Mei Li ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ying Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Density Of States ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Metal Nitrides ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Transition Metal Nitrides ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Good Thermal Stability

IVB-group transition-metal nitrides are hot research materials due to their high hardness, good thermal stability, and excellent mechanical properties. In this paper, we studied the lattice parameters, elastic properties, electronic structures, and hardness of the face centered cubic TiN, ZrN, and HfN. The research shows that all the three types have excellent elastic properties. According to the result, elastic properties of HfN are the best of the three, as its bulk modulus and shear modulus are 278GPa and 240GPa respectively. With the calculation of electronic density of states, we find that all the three types are metallic. The wide pseudogap in DOS and the large overlap population indicate the strong Ti-N, Zr-N, and Hf-N bonds. The lower value of the density of states on the Fermi level shows that crystal structure of HfN is more stable. That is why the elastic properties of HfN are better than the others, mainly. The calculated hardness of TiN is 23.6GPa, which is the highest.

The role of crystalline anisotropy in mechanical property extractions through Berkovich indentation

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alcalá ◽  
D. Esqué-de los Ojos ◽  
S.A. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Instrumented Indentation ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Finite Element ◽  
Conventional Procedure ◽  
Crystalline Anisotropy ◽  
Face Centered

This work uses crystal plasticity finite element simulations to elucidate the role of elastoplastic anisotropy in instrumented indentation P–hs curve measurements in face-centered cubic (fcc) crystals. It is shown that although the experimental fluctuations in the loading stage of the P–hs curves can be attributed to anisotropy, the variability in the unloading stage of the experiments is much greater than that resulting from anisotropy alone. Moreover, it is found that the conventional procedure used to evaluate the contact variables ruling the unloading P–hs curve introduces an uncertainty that approximates to the more fundamental influence of anisotropy. In view of these results, a robust procedure is proposed that uses contact area measurements in addition to the P–hs curves to extract homogenized J2-plasticity-equivalent mechanical properties from single crystals.

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