Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Electrical Resistivities of Mica Glass-Ceramics with Flake Phlogopite and Waste Glass

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 640-643
Author(s):  
Yu Fei Chen ◽  
Yan Gai Liu ◽  
Xiao Wen Wu ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
Ming Hao Fang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Electric Locomotive ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Electrical Resistivities

Mica glass-ceramics can be applied in all kinds of electrical equipment, locomotive internal circuits in high-speed rail, ordinary electric locomotive and subway locomotive. In this study, mica glass-ceramics were prepared by sintering process using flake mica and waste glass as the main raw material with low cost. Different mica glass-ceramic samples were fabricated by changing the formula of raw materials, molding process and sintering temperature. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, three-point bending test, and balanced-bridge technique were applied to investigate the phase, microstructure, mechanical and electrical resistivities of the samples, respectively. The results show that the optimum sintering temperature is 900 to 1000 °C holding for two hours, the desirable ratio is 70 wt% of mica powder while 30 wt% of glass powder. In that condition the sample could be less porosity, high flexural strength (63.3 MPa) and eligible electrical resistivity (0.4×1013 Ω·cm).

Use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes as Raw Material in the Replacement of Fluxes for Applications on Porcelain Tile

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundo J.S. Paranhos ◽  
Wilson Acchar ◽  
Vamberto Monteiro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Porcelain Tile

This study evaluated the potential use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes (SBA) as a flux, replacing phyllite for the production of enamelled porcelain tile. The raw materials of the standard mass components and the SBA residue were characterized by testing by XRF, XRD, AG, DTA and TGA. Test samples were fabricated, assembled in lots of 3 units and sintered at temperatures of 1150 ° C to 1210 ° C. The results of the physical properties, mechanical properties and SEM of the sintered samples, showed that the formulation, G4 - in which applied 10% of SBA replacing phyllite, sintering temperature 1210 ° C showed better performance as the previously mentioned properties due to the formation of mullite crystals, meeting the prerequisites of standards for enamelled porcelain tile, while reducing the environmental impact and the cost of production.

scholarly journals High strength glass-ceramics sintered with coal gangue аs а raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
Dang Wei ◽  
H.-Y. He
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Sintered Glass ◽  
Utilization Ratio

High strength lightweight glass-ceramics were fabricated with coal gangue and clay as main raw materials. The utilization ratio of coal gangue, the ratio of the coal gangue with clay, mineralization agents, forming process and sintering process on the properties of the fabricated glass-ceramics were optimized. The utilization ratio of coal gangue reached 75, and the ratio of coal gangue to clay was 3/1, as an optimal property was observed. The optimal sintering temperature was found to be 1370?C. At this optimal temperature, the sintered glass-ceramics showed the main phase of mullite and spindle and so showed high strength, low density, and low water absorbance. The appropriate amounts of codoping of the TiO2, ZnO, and MnO2/dolomite as mineralization agents obviously enhanced the properties of the glass-ceramics. Process optimizations further determined reasonable and optimal process parameters. The high strength lightweight glass-ceramics fabricated in this work may be very suitable for various applications including building materials, cooking ceramics, and proppant materials, et al.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Properties of YAG Porous Ceramics via Atmospheric Sintering Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ming Han Xu ◽  
Ai Xia Chen ◽  
Long Tao Liu ◽  
Zhi Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Sintering Aid ◽  
Sintering Method

YAG materials have a number of unique properties, the application is very extensive, the burn is due to the temperature is too high or the residence time at high temperatures is caused. The undercurrent is the sintering temperature is too low or the holding time is not enough, resulting in product performance is too low or too small shrinkage. In this paper, the effect of sintering temperature on properties of YAG porous ceramics was investigated. The results showed that the firing temperature of the ingredients will be different and cause the same sintering process and sintering additives content of different samples burned. The increase in the content of SiO2 in the furnish with the sintering aid tends to occur. the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of the samples after sintering was significant, so the raw materials include 60wt%YAG, 10wt% CaO, 10wt% SiO2 and 20wt% soluble starch, the molding process in 20MPa pressure 10min, the sintering at 1500°C for 2h, the sample porosity is 42.2%, the compressive strength is 5.8MPa, the outside shape is keep intact and the better pore microstructure is shown.

Effect of High Temperature Process on Microstructure and Properties of Industrial Steel Slag Cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ming Han Xu ◽  
Rui Hua Wang ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Ai Xia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Actual Performance

The construction industry continues to develop and the requirements for cement performance are getting higher and higher. At the same time, in the steel industry, the discharge of steel slag is also increasing. The effective reuse of steel slag has become a prominent problem in the steel industry. . Therefore, it is envisaged to use steel slag as a raw material for the cement production process to produce cement and to produce high-performance cement. The main raw materials of this experiment are steel slag, limestone, sandstone and shale. Through the cement preparation process, the cement is made, and then the cement is made into concrete to test its performance. This experiment mainly studies the sintering temperature and holding time variable. In the experimental test, the analysis and comparison were carried out in five aspects of the degree of macroscopic cracking, particle size, density, microstructure and composition. In the comparison experiment of sintering temperature, with the increase of temperature, the flexural and compressive properties of cement gradually increased. In this test, 1200 °C is the most suitable temperature for the performance of the cement. Through the experimental comparison of different holding time, it is known that with the prolonging of the holding time, the microstructure and actual performance of the cement are continuously enhanced. Comprehensive consideration: the ratio of steel slag in cement ratio is 10%, sintering temperature is 1200 °C, and heat preservation is 2h. The steel slag cement prepared under this condition has the strongest performance.

Adsorption-Desorption Performances of Humidity Controlling Diatomite-Based Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1058 ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Xiao Su Cheng ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ping An Liu ◽  
An Ze Shui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Dry Pressing ◽  
Humidity Chamber ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Electronic Microscope

The humidity controlling materials using diatomite as the major raw material were prepared by dry pressing molding process. Effects of various diatomite contents and sintering temperatures on the final products were investigated. The samples were also characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and then tested adsorption-desorption performances by temperature and humidity chamber. The results indicate that the equilibrium moisture adsorption reaches to 338 g/m2 when diatomite content is fixed at ~70% and sintering temperature is holding at 1050°C, respectively.

Properties of ZrO2/Glass-Ceramics Composite

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 995-998
Author(s):  
Y.M. Zhu ◽  
Xia Wan Wu ◽  
Zhi Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Glass Content ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Lower Thermal Expansion ◽  
Expansion Coefficients

In order to reduce the raw materials cost, lower the sintering temperature of 3Y-TZP optical fiber ferrules, the 3Y-TZP/ LAS glass ceramics composites were prepared and their properties were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the sintering temperatures and thermal expansion coefficients of the 3Y-TZP/LAS glass ceramics composites were lowered with the increase of glass content. The flexural strength of the composites were decreased with the increase of glass content, but the flexural strength of the composite with 15% weight glass was higher than 400MPa. The LAS glass powder added into the composites was crystallized and b-spodumene s.s was precipitated. during sintering. The b-spodumene s.s. having lower thermal expansion coefficient and higher strength was beneficial to reduce thermal expansion coefficients and keep higher strengths of the composites .

scholarly journals Comparison of mechanical properties of geopolymers from different raw materials with the addition of waste glass

2021 ◽  
pp. 252-261
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths

The combustion of fossil fuels results in creating a lot of solid wastes such as fly ash and slag. However, these environmentally unfriendly materials can be used as a raw material for alkali activation – geopolymerization. Although these wastes have been successfully used in industrial production for several decades, its use does not achieve the level of its potential. Today, to achieve a sustainable construction industry, alternative cement has been extensively investigated. Geopolymer (GP) is a kind of material that is obtained from the alkaline activator, and it can be produced from industrial wastes or by-products. The aim of this work was to describe the improvement of mechanical properties of alkali-activated binders – geopolymers made of fly ash and blast furnace slag. The effect of the addition of waste glass in three different values feed into fly ash or GGBFS, and its impact on mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strengths) of geopolymers was examined. The highest value of compressive strength was achieved with 20% waste glass addition to a fly ash sample on 90th day 58,9 MPa. The waste glass was added in the form of broken and crushed glass particles.

Possibilities of Binding Recycled Glass in Production of Advanced Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Martina Reif ◽  
Jiri Zach ◽  
Vítězslav Novák
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Advanced Composite Materials

The use of secondary raw material resources for construction purposes currently has a great potential. Secondary raw materials obtained by recycling waste glass find use (among others) in the production of thermal and acoustic insulation, production of lightweight concrete mixes and also in transportation engineering e.g. in road reconstruction.The paper deals with the possibilities of binding lightweight aggregate based on waste glass powder and with the production of advanced composite materials with good thermal insulation and acoustic properties. This means cement, epoxy resin and bituminous matrix with the goal to develop advanced building materials that could find further use as, for example, thermal insulation materials.

Preparation of Glass-Ceramics by Reactive Crystallization with Waste Glass and Mullite

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Si ◽  
Zhi Yang Wang ◽  
Wei Yi Zhang ◽  
Wei Pan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Reactive Crystallization

Diopside glass-ceramics were prepared by reactive crystallization with mixed powder of waste glass and mullite. The effects of mullite content and sintering temperature and holding time on the crystal phase and morphology of diopside glass-ceramics were investigated. The reactive crystallizing behavior between waste glass powder and mullite was studied using energy dispersive spectrdmeter during the sintering and holding process. The result show that the optimum preparation conditions were as follows: the addition of 30 wt% mullite used as crystallization promoting agent, sintering temperature of 900 °C and holding time of 2h. The main difference between reactive crystallization method and the traditional method of preparing diopside glass-ceramics was the reactive crystallization mechanism. The diopside and corundum crystals were formed via an interaction between glass powder and mullite instead of direct precipitation from the parent glass during the calcining and holding process. With the increasing of sintering temperature and holding time, the Ca and Mg element concents of the glass were increased, on the contrary, that Si element concent was decreased in the mullite. It shows that the Si element diffused from mullite to glass and precipitated diopside crystals.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Porous TiVAlC Ceramics with Low-Temperature Reactive Synthesis Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Zou ◽  
Xide Li ◽  
Chuo Zhang ◽  
Yi Wen ◽  
Yiquan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mixed Powder

Abstract Using the mixed powder of TiH2, V, Al and graphite as raw materials, porous TiVAlC ceramics were successfully prepared with the reaction synthesis method at only 1300℃. The pore-formation mechanism in the sintering process is discussed by combining XRD, pore size variation and sintering temperature. The formation of pores is mainly based on the following processes: (i) During the green compaction pressing, the pores formed by the gaps among the raw material powder particles; (ii) Stearic acid is completely decomposed at 500℃; (iii) TiH2 is completely decomposed at 700°C; (iv) Molten aluminum reacts with titanium and vanadium at 700℃ to generate titanium-aluminum and vanadium-aluminum compounds; (v) With the sintering temperature varying from 900℃ to 1100°C, excess titanium, vanadium and graphite generate a large amount of carbides (TiC, VC, TiVC2); (vi) Ti-Al and V-Al compounds react with carbides (TiC, VC, TiVC2) to form the final product TiVAlC at 1300℃.The effects of the sintering temperature on the volume expansion ratio, porosity, pore size and viscous permeability coefficient of porous TiVAlC ceramics were investigated. The results illustrated that the porosity, volume expansion rate and viscous permeability coefficient increased with the increase of sintering temperature from 700℃ to 1300℃, whereas the pore diameter first decreased from 6.2 μm to 5.0 μm, and then increased to 10.2 μm.

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