Effect of Annealing Treatment on Die Filling Rate of Mini Gear in Squeezing Forming Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung Han Huang ◽  
Cho-Pei Jiang ◽  
Fedor V. Grechnikov ◽  
Yaroslav A. Erisov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
H13 Steel ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Die Filling

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of annealing treatment on mechanical properties and deformability of titanium alloy to form mini gear in squeezing process. Diameter of experimental specimen was 5mm of Grade 2 Ti alloy. It was annealed with temperature in a range of 500 to 1000 °C, resulting in different initial grain sizes. The mechanical properties and hardness of annealed specimens were obtained by means of tensile and micro-hardness test. In addition, a modulus of mini gear die was 0.92 and made of h13 steel. The annealed specimens were inserted in die and squeezed into mini gear. The experimental results show that microstructure of α-phase precipitates when annealing temperature reaches to 600 °C and hold time was 3 hours. The specimen which annealed with a temperature of 700 °C has the maximal elongation and die filling rate. The microstructural of β-phase precipitates when annealing temperature reaches to 1000 °C resulting in brittle behavior and the lowest die-filling rate.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure of 2195 Al-Li Alloy Sheet

2021 ◽  
Vol 1026 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Bo Feng ◽  
Bai Qing Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Δ Phase ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Alloy Increase

The annealing temperature is a key parameter for the mechanical properties and microstructure control of the 2195 Al-Li alloy sheet in the annealing process. In the present study, the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure of 2195 Al-Li alloy sheet was investigated using a general mechanical testing machine, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and backscattered electron microscope (EBSD). It was found that the optimized annealing temperature for 2195Al-Li alloy sheet of H112 state is 400°C, the alloy sheet shows the satisfactory mechanical properties. In addition, with the increase of annealing temperature, the δ' phase, the θ' phase and the T1 phase are formed in the alloy sheet, which leads to the strength of the alloy increase. Furthermore, the annealing temperature obviously affect the texture component and intensity during annealing treatment process.

Effect of Annealing on Mechanical Properties of Copper Alloys Deformed at Cryogenic Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 745-746 ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiang Wu ◽  
Yu Lan Gong ◽  
Shi Ying Ren ◽  
Jing Mei Tao ◽  
Yan Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Uniform Elongation ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Optimal Annealing Temperature ◽  
Elongation To Failure ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Zn Alloys

The effect of annealing treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cold-rolled Cu-20% Zn alloys was investigated in this work. Mechanical properties changed dramatically with the increase of temperature. According to the microhardness test, it can roughly concluded that 150 is the optimal annealing temperature for deformation, at which a uniform elongation increased from 1.4658% before annealing to about 6.89%, and the elongation to failure increased from 7.426% to 16.81% with the same strength almost retained. The changes of microstructure during the annealing process are mainly distributed to the improvement of mechanical properties.

Effects of Annealing Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy Sheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 2524-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Guang Hui Min ◽  
Pan Pan Gao ◽  
Xin Ying Wang ◽  
Hua Shun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Icosahedral Phase ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The microstructure of magnesium alloy sheets (nominal composition Mg–6Zn–Y in at. %) was investigated with the Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique after the annealing treatment. Tensile test at room temperature was performed to show the influence of annealing treatment on mechanical properties. Experimental results indicate that there are a large number of twin crystals appearing in microstructure of the extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy sheet at 350 °C. The distinct icosahedral phase appears on the α-Mg matrix in granular form and the strength gets largely improved to the maximum. The uniform distribution of isometric crystal contributes to the best elongation at the annealing temperature of 400 °C.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Cold Drawn Pearlitic Steel Wires

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Jong Nam ◽  
Hyung Rak Song ◽  
Kyung Tae Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
High Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
High Annealing

The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on mechanical properties of cold drawn pearlitic steel wires containing 0.84wt% of silicon were investigated. Annealing treatment was performed on cold drawn steel wires for the temperature range of 200°C to 450°C with the different annealing time of 30sec, 1min, 15min and 1hr. The increase of tensile strength at the low annealing temperatures would be related with strain ageing behavior, while the decrease of tensile strength at the high annealing temperature is due to the spheroidization of cementite plates and the occurrence of recovery of the lamellar ferrite in the pearlite.

Finite Element Modeling of Grain Size Effect on the Mechanical Properties and Deformability of Titanium Alloy in Equal Channel Angular Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 661 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Cho-Pei Jiang ◽  
Zong Han Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Squeeze Pressure ◽  
Brittle Behavior ◽  
Β Phase

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of grain size on the mechanical properties and deformability of titanium alloy in equal channel and cross-sectional reduction channel angular pressing process. Specimens made of grade 2 titanium alloy with diameter 5 mm are annealed to temperature of 500 °C to 1000 °C resulting in different initial grain sizes, thus underwent tensile test for obtaining mechanical properties. Molds for both processes are designed to carry out serve plastic deformation. Finite element models are created and simulated the deformation behavior according to the mechanical properties of tensile test. Experimental results show that small α-phase grain starts to form in 700 °C homogenization treatment and its grain size increases as an increasing of annealing temperature. The β-phase microstructure precipitates resulting in brittle behavior in 850 °C annealing treatment. Simulation result show that squeeze load of ECAP is larger than 100 ton but it can be reduced when exit angle of channel is larger than entrance. Outer corner of ECAP with 90 ̊ generate lower squeeze pressure than that of 40 ̊.

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti–26Nb Alloy Elaborated In Situ by Laser Additive Manufacturing with Ti and Nb Mixed Powder

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wei ◽  
Hongji Sun ◽  
Dechuang Zhang ◽  
Lunjun Gong ◽  
Jianguo Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

In the present work, a Ti–26Nb alloy was elaborated in situ by laser additive manufacturing (LAM) with Ti and Nb mixed powders. The alloys were annealed at temperatures ranging from 650 °C to 925 °C, and the effects of the annealing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. It has been found that the microstructure of the as-deposited alloy obtained in the present conditions is characterized by columnar prior β grains with a relatively strong <001> fiber texture in the build direction. The as-deposited alloy exhibits extremely high strength, and its ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are about 799 MPa and 768 MPa, respectively. The annealing temperature has significant effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys. Annealing treatment can promote the dissolution of unmelted Nb particles and eliminate the micro-segregation of Nb at the elliptical-shaped grain boundaries, while increasing the grain size of the alloy. With an increase in annealing temperature, the strength of the alloy decreases but the ductility increases. The alloy annealed at 850 °C exhibits a balance of strength and ductility.

Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties of Mg-0.8 Zn-0.3 Gd-0.5 Ca Alloy Sheets

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Cheng Bin Wei ◽  
Hong Yan ◽  
Cai Chen ◽  
Xing Hao Du ◽  
Rong Shi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Anisotropy ◽  
Double Peaks ◽  
Intermetallic Particles ◽  
Coarse Grains ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Basal Pole ◽  
Change Of Microstructure

In this study, the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of rolled Mg-0.8 Zn-0.3 Gd-0.5 Ca sheets have been investigated. It is shown that the as-cast microstructure of the Mg-0.8 Zn-0.3 Gd-0.5 Ca alloy is composed of coarse grains with fine intermetallic particles. The deformed microstructure of the as-rolled sheets results in the non-basal texture with triple peaks. Upon annealing treatment at different temperatures, the fraction of recrystallized microstructure is increased and the grains grow up. With the increase of annealing temperature, the (0002) basal pole of as-rolled sheets has transformed into texture with double peaks firstly and then into triple peaks. Accompanying the change of microstructure and texture, structure and mechanical anisotropy of the rolled sheets is modified.

Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Extruded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy from the Blended Elemental Route via Microstructure Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 884 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Carlos Romero ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Leandro Bolzoni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Primary Alpha ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The One ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Vacuum-sintered billets of Ti-6Al-4V alloy from powder blend were extruded at two different temperatures: 1150 °C and 950 °C. The extruded material at 1150 °C was subjected to various heat treatments to obtain different microstructures: annealing in the β phase, β solution treatment and aging and α+β solution treatment and aging. The materials processed were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and the mechanical properties were measured by tensile test. The microstructure of both extrusions are fairly similar, consisting of lamellar colonies, and the mechanical properties are also comparable, with yield strengths of about 1000 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of about 1100 MPa and elongation at fracture of 8-9%. The β annealing treatment, through coarsening the lamellar microstructure, reduces the strength of the alloy while keeping a high ductility. Both solution treatments and aging, which produces aged martensite and aged martensite and primary alpha, respectively, increases the strength and reduces the ductility. There is a trade-off between ductility and strength when it comes to tailoring the microstructure, and the as-extruded Ti-6Al-4V condition is the one with the best balance between strength and ductility.

Solid Phase Sheet Forming of Thermoplastics—Part I: Mechanical Behavior of Thermoplastics to Yield

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Stokes ◽  
H. F. Nied
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Sheet Forming ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Insight Into

The detailed mechanical behavior to yield of three thermoplastics—polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyetherimide—subjected to simulated forming histories, is examined in order to gain an insight into the sheet forming process for thermoplastics. The phenomenology of yield is shown to be quite different for semicrystalline polybutylene terephthalate when compared with amorphous polycarbonate and polyetherimide. The dependence of the mechanical properties of thermoplastics on temperature, deformation rate and hold-time periods are shown to be important for understanding and controlling the solid phase sheet forming process.

scholarly journals The Influences of Process Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of near β High Strength Titanium Alloy Sheet

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Du ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Goss Texture ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Process Annealing

The influences of process annealing temperature during cold rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe near β high strength titanium alloy sheets have been investigated. Results showed that the alloy mainly included the deformation induced dislocation structures after cold rolling but no obvious band structure, twin crystal or martensite were observed in this work. The texture components, which were affected by process annealing, are mainly γ-fiber, α-fiber and weak Goss texture. The γ-fiber of alloy when process annealed at 780 °C (α/β phase field) is stronger than at 830 °C (β phase field), where the Goss texture of alloy with process annealing temperature of 830 °C is more obvious. Results of annealing heat treatments showed that the recrystallization of the cold rolled was basically completed in a relatively short time of 2 min at 750 °C for 2 min. The refinement of grain size led to a significant increase of plasticity compared to rolled alloy. Results of tensile testing of aged alloy display the excellent combination of strength and plasticity, and the cold rolled alloy with process annealed at α/β phase field exhibits the better mechanical properties than at β phase field.

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