Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of the Tialn Coatings after Nb and C Dual Ion Implantation

2014 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Deng ◽  
Jun Fei Pei ◽  
Ye Tao
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Magnetic Filter

Ion implantation is an effective method to enhance hardness and wear resistance of the TiAlN coatings. In this paper, Nb and C ions are co-implanted into TiAlN coatings deposited by Magnetic Filter Arc Ion Plating (MFAIP), using a Metal Vacuum Vapor Arc (MEVVA) ion source implantor with doses of 1×1017and 5×1017ions/cm2. The microstructure, chemical composition, mechanical and tribological properties of Nb+C-implanted TiAlN coatings have been investigated by glancing incidence X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nanoindentation test and SRV friction & wear tester, respectively. The results showed that the NbN and TiC phases could be detected both from the XRD and XPS profiles of as-prepared films. Nb and C ion implantation could improve the hardness, plastic deformation resistance and wear behavior of TiAlN coatings due to the energetic Nb and C ion bombardment and the formation of NbN and TiC phases.

A Study of the Structural, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Ti-Al-N Coatings Post-Treated by Carbon Implantation

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
P.W. Shum ◽  
Zhi Feng Zhou ◽  
K.Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Metal Vapour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Carbon ion implantation has often been considered as an additional method to further improve the wear, corrosion and oxidation resistance of hard coatings on tools or machine parts. The present research investigates the effect of carbon implantation on the structural and mechanical properties of the sputter-deposited solid solution Ti-Al-N coatings. The carbon implantation was carried out by using metal vapour vacuum arc ion source (MEVVA) with solid cathode at energies of 5 and 50 keV, and a dose of 6×1017 atoms cm-2. The mechanical and the microstructure properties of the implanted layer were identified by a variety of analytic techniques, such as nano-indentation, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) etc. Additionally, the wear performance of the samples was evaluated by a typical ball-on-disk tribometer in dry conditions. The results showed that the coatings with high energy carbon implantation exhibited an enhanced hardness. The improved hardness could be attributed to the formation of TiC phase, as indicated in XPS. In the sliding tests, the coatings with the post-treatment of carbon implantation showed an improved tribological property in terms of friction coefficient and wear rate. The friction coefficient could be reduced from 0.6 to 0.1. The coatings had ten-fold better wear resistance than the coating without ion implantation.

Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Reactive Magnetron Sputtered Titanium Carbide Coatings

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Polychronopoulou ◽  
Claus Rebholz ◽  
Nicholaos G. Demas ◽  
Andreas A. Polycarpou ◽  
Lefki Theodorou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Reactive Magnetron ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Carbide Coatings

This study describes the correlation between the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Ti1−xCx coatings (with x being in the range of 0–0.5), deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering from a Ti target in Ar/C2H2 mixtures at ∼200 °C. The mechanical and tribological properties were found to strongly depend on the chemical composition and the microstructure present. Very dense structures and highest hardness and elastic modulus, combined with low wear rates, were observed for films with chemical composition close to TiC. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the coating deposited at high C2H2 flow rates composed of randomly oriented TiC crystallites. Morphological investigations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicate that the morphology is strongly dependent on the carbon content of the coating. Coatings composition and bonding environment was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Both the mechanical properties and tribological performance of the coatings were found to be dependent on carbon content.

Optical properties of anatase TiO2 films modified by N ion implantation

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Xiang ◽  
D. Chang ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
C.M. Liu ◽  
X.T. Zu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Light Region ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

Anatase TiO2 thin films are deposited on K9 glass samples at different substrate temperatures by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. N ion implantation is performed in the as-deposited TiO2 thin films at ion fluences of 5 × 1016, 1 × 1017, and 5 × 1017 ions/cm2. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV–visible spectrophotometer are used to characterize the films. With increasing N ion fluences, the absorption edges of anatase TiO2 films shift to longer wavelengths and the absorbance increases in the visible light region. XPS results show that the red shift of TiO2 films is due to the formation of N–Ti–O compounds. As a result, photoactivity is enhanced with increasing N ion fluence.

COMPARISON OF WEAR RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF DIE STEEL IMPLANTED WITH C AND Mo IONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 517-520
Author(s):  
M. F. CHENG ◽  
J. H. YANG ◽  
X. D. LUO ◽  
T. H. ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Grazing Angle ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
H13 Steel ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
X Ray

Mo and C ions extracted from a metal vapor vacuum arc ion source were implanted into the surface of die steel (H13) to compare the wear resistance mechanisms of the implanted samples, respectively. The concentration depth profiles of implanted ions were measured using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and calculated by a code called TRIDYN. The structures of the implanted steel were observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and grazing-angle X-ray diffraction, respectively. It was found that the conventional heat-treated H13 steel could not be further hardened by the subsequent implanted C ions, and the thickness of the implanted layer was not an important factor for the Mo and C ion implantation to improve the wear resistance of the H13 steel. Mo ion implantation could obviously improve the wear resistance of the steel at an extraction voltage of 48 kV and a dose of 5 × 1017 cm -2 due to formation of a modification layer of little oxidation with Mo 2 C in the implanted surface.

scholarly journals Structure, Oxidation Resistance, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of N- and C-Doped Ta-Zr-Si-B Hard Protective Coatings Obtained by Reactive D.C. Magnetron Sputtering of TaZrSiB Ceramic Cathode

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Ph. V. Kiryukhantsev-Korneev ◽  
A. D. Sytchenko ◽  
S. A. Vorotilo ◽  
V. V. Klechkovskaya ◽  
V. Yu. Lopatin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Coatings in the Ta-Zr-Si-B-C-N system were produced by magnetron sputtering of a TaSi2-Ta3B4-(Ta,Zr)B2 ceramic target in the Ar medium and Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 gas mixtures. The structure and composition of coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, energy-dispersion spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical and tribological properties of coatings were determined using nanoindentation and pin-on-disk tests using 100Cr6 and Al2O3 balls. The oxidation resistance of coatings was evaluated by microscopy and X-ray diffraction after annealing in air at temperatures up to 1200 °C. The reactively-deposited coatings containing from 30% to 40% nitrogen or carbon have the highest hardness up to 29 GPa and elastic recovery up to 78%. Additionally, coatings with a high carbon content demonstrated a low coefficient of friction of 0.2 and no visible signs of wear when tested against 100Cr6 ball. All coatings except for the non-reactive ones can resist oxidation up to a temperature of 1200 °C thanks to the formation of a protective film based on Ta2O5 and SiO2 on their surface. Coatings deposited in Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 demonstrated superior resistance to thermal cycling in conditions 20-T−20 °C (where T = 200–1000 °C). The present article compares the structure and properties of reactive and “standard-inert atmosphere” deposited coatings to develop recommendations for optimizing the composition.

Tribological Properties of DLC Coating with Various Zr Target Current

2017 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Wen Hsien Kao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron ◽  
G Ratio

The main purpose of this study is to research the tribological properties and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon coating (DLC) used unbalanced magnetron sputtering system (UBMS). The objective is influence of various Zr target current on the properties of coatings, current from 0.0 A to 0.5 A. The cross-section morphology was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). With the increase of the Zirconium targets current, the quantity contained of the Zirconium increases. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to analyze the microstructure properties of the coatings. The nanoindentation tester was used to measure the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the wear tests were achieved through the Schwingung Reibung and Verschliess (SRV) reciprocating wear tester under dry condition. The DLC coating was deposited used 0.4 A Zr target current possessed the lowest I(D)/I(G) ratio, the highest sp3 content and highest hardness. The DLC coating (0.4A) also displayed excellent tibological properties including the lowest friction coefficient, and wear depth.

Correlation between Tribological Properties, sp²/sp³-Ratio and H-Content of Low-Wear Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Layers

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2596-2601
Author(s):  
E. Vogli ◽  
Fabian Hoffmann ◽  
E. Bartis ◽  
G. S. Oehrlein ◽  
Wolfgang Tillmann
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Low Wear ◽  
Ball On Disc

It has been established that hardness and density of diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers can be raised by increasing ion energy during deposition, decreasing H-content and by increasing sp3-fraction. To confirm differences in hydrogen content of hydrogen containing and hydrogen free DLC films deposited at different bias voltages, layers were etched in oxygen atmosphere in a capacitively coupled plasma device. By employing real-time ellipsometry measurements, the H-content of the hydrogen containing a-C:H layers were estimated by determining the optical constants n and k (n-real part and k-imaginary part of the refractive index). In addition, DLC layers were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to estimate the ratio of sp²- and sp³-hybridization. The mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings were evaluated by means of nanoindentation and ball-on-disc-tests. Finally correlations between these properties, H-content and sp3/sp2-ratio were obtained in an effort to explain different tribological behaviors of DLC-layers.

NANOCOMPOSITE nc-TiC/a-C:H FILMS FABRICATED BY DUAL PLASMA TECHNIQUE

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 891-897
Author(s):  
YAOHUI WANG ◽  
XU ZHANG ◽  
YUANZHI XU ◽  
XIANYING WU ◽  
HUIXING ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Coil Current ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Nanocrystalline Graphite ◽  
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc

Nanocomposite nc-TiC / a-C : H films have been deposited via filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique, employing Ti target and C 2 H 2 gas as material precursors. The composition and nanostructure of film, correlated to mechanical and tribological properties of film, are varied by changing C 2 H 2 flow rate and filter coil current. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction has been used to show that salient TiC (111) peak exists in film with grain size of order of 8–10 nm, as a function of filter coil current. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations demonstrate that the nc-TiC / a-C : H films mainly contain nanocrystalline graphite and sp2-bonded carbon, both as a function of C 2 H 2 flow rate. Mechanical tests confirm that the nc-TiC / a-C : H films possess superior hardness of 33.9 GPa and elastic modulus of 237.6 GPa.

Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of NbN/Ni Coatings

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1424-1430
Author(s):  
Ping Ren ◽  
Mao Wen ◽  
Su Xuan Du ◽  
Q.N. Meng ◽  
Kan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Niobium Nitride ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

The NbN/Ni coatings were deposited by co-sputtering on Si (100) substrates. The structure, hardness and tribological properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoindentation test and ball-on-disc tribometer. XRD revealed that the NbN/Ni coatings exhibited a NaCl-type NbN structure but no sign of any nickel phase. For the coatings with various nickel powers ranged from 20 W to 40 W, the shrinkage of the lattice parameter of NbN indicated that Ni atoms might be incorporated into the NbN lattice with a substitution of Nb atoms by the smaller Ni atoms. Further increasing of Ni powers, the degree of crystallinity of the coatings became worse. The NbN coating doped with a certan power of Ni (40 W) exhibited the best degree of crystallinity among all samples. It also displayed a maximum microhardness of 25 GPa combined with a better resistance to plastic deformation, which could attribute to the grain refinement and the solid solution strengthening. Tribilogical properties of NbN/Ni coatings were also found to be depentent on nickel powers significantly. For the pure NbN coating, the coefficient of friction (CoF) was 0.7 approximately, while it decreased to 0.54 when the power of Ni increased to 40 W. Simultaneously, the wear resistance of the NbN/Ni coatings was improved due to the spontaneous oxidation of the wear track surfaces caused by the addition of a certain amount of nickel to the niobium nitride coatings.

Effect of boronizing on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of CoCrW dental alloy produced by selective laser melting

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356
Author(s):  
Yakup Uzun ◽  
Halim Kovacı ◽  
Ali Fatih Yetim ◽  
Ayhan Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Dental Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effects of boriding on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of CoCrW dental alloy manufactured by the method of selective laser melting.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, CoCrW alloy samples that are used in dentistry were manufactured by the method of laser melting, and boriding treatment was made on the samples at 900°C and 1,000°C for 1, 4 and 8 h. The structural, mechanical and tribological effects of boriding on the samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, microhardness and an abrasion test device.FindingsAccording to the results, the best outcomes in terms of abrasion strength and hardness were obtained in the sample that was subjected to boriding at 1,000°C for 4 h.Originality/valueThis study produced CoCrW alloys, which are fundamental biomaterials that are used in dentistry, by a different production method called selective laser melting and improved their surface characteristics by boriding.

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