Preliminary Study: Direct Growth Carbon Nanomaterials on Metal Substrate to Improve Corrosion Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
A.N. Edzatty ◽  
A.H. Norzilah ◽  
Shamsul Baharin Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Metal Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Stainless Steel 316

Metals are increasingly used in engineering due to their high specific strength. However, some of pure metals do not posses good corrosion resistance. Therefore carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) has been studied to overwhelm the corrosion existed on the metal’s surface. CNMs are synthesized directly on various metal substrates by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique without addition of any external catalyst, in reactor at temperature of 800°C. Argon with a flow rate of 200ml/min was used as a carrier gas and acetone as a carbon source. In this study, two different metals were used as metal substrate: mild steel and stainless steel 316. The morphology, existence of CNTs and elemental analysis of the CNMs on metal substrate are evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), respectively. It was proven that the different element composition of metal substrate influenced the size and morphology of CNMs. The most suitable metal to grow CNTs was found to be stainless steel.

scholarly journals Analysis of Corrosion of Hastelloy-N, Alloy X750, SS316 and SS304 in Molten Salt High-Temperature Environment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Ketan Kumar Sandhi ◽  
Jerzy Szpunar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Nickel Superalloy ◽  
Triple Junctions ◽  
Salt Corrosion ◽  
Molten Fluoride ◽  
Stainless Steel 316

Nickel superalloy Hastelloy-N, alloy X-750, stainless steel 316 (SS316), and stainless steel 304 (SS304) are among the alloys used in the construction of molten salt reactor (MSR). These alloys were analyzed for their corrosion resistance behavior in molten fluoride salt, a coolant used in MSR reactors with 46.5% LiF+ 11.5% NaF+ 42% KF. The corrosion tests were run at 700 °C for 100 h under the Ar cover gas. After corrosion, significant weight loss was observed in the alloy X750. Weight loss registered in SS316 and SS304 was also high. However, Hastelloy-N gained weight after exposure to molten salt corrosion. This could be attributed to electrochemical plating of corrosion products from other alloys on Hastelloy-N surface. SEM–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) scans of cross-section of alloys revealed maximum corrosion damage to the depth of 250 µm in X750, in contrast to only 20 µm on Hastelloy-N. XPS wide survey scans revealed the presence of Fe, Cr, and Ni elements on the surface of all corroded alloys. In addition, Cr clusters were formed at the triple junctions of grains, as confirmed by SEM–EBSD (Electron Back Scattered Diffraction) analysis. The order of corrosion resistance in FLiNaK environment was X750 < SS316 < SS304 < Hastelloy-N.

Electropolishing of 316L Stainless Steel Using Sulfuric Acid-Free Electrolyte

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Han ◽  
Fengzhou Fang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Plateau Region ◽  
X Ray

Abstract The study is to investigate the electropolishing characteristics of 316L stainless steel in a sulfuric acid-free electrolyte of phosphoric acid and glycerol and to explore the possibility of using this eco-friendly electrolyte instead of the widely used sulfuric acid-based electrolyte. The influences of process parameters on polishing effects and the corrosion resistance of electropolished samples are investigated. The experimental results show that the electropolishing temperature and acid concentration are directly related to the mass transport mechanism in the limiting current plateau region. The grain boundaries of workpiece were electrochemically dissolved faster than the grain themselves at the beginning of the electropolishing process because they are more reactive than grains. Moreover, the conventional sulfuric—phosphoric acid electrolyte was also used to electropolish the 316L stainless steel, and the electropolished surfaces were compared with the sulfuric acid-free electrolyte proposed in this study. When the sulfuric acid-free electrolyte was used to electropolish the 316L stainless steel, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that atomic Cr/Fe ratio of 316L stainless steel was increased from 0.802 to 1.909 after electropolishing process in the sulfuric acid-free electrolyte of phosphoric acid and glycerol. The corrosion resistance of the electropolished 316L stainless steel is studied using electrochemical analysis, and the results are verified experimentally.

Stainless Steel 316 L Metal Coating with Capiz Shell Hydroxyapatite Using Electrophoretic Deposition Method as Bone Implant Candidate

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 336-344
Author(s):  
Martinus Kriswanto ◽  
Muhammad Khairurrijal ◽  
Dave Leonard Junior Wajong ◽  
Tofan Maliki Kadarismanto ◽  
Yusril Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Withdrawal Speed ◽  
Stainless Steel 316 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) made of capiz shell has been successfully coated onto stainless steel 316L substrate using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. In this study, three variations were applied, they were the voltages of 25 V and 50 V, the withdrawal speeds of 0.1 mm/s, 0.5 mm/s, and 1 mm/s, and the sintering temperatures of 750, 850, and 950 °C. These variations were applied to determine the differences in morphology and crystal structure of the layers so that the most suitable result was obtained as a candidate for the bone implant. Characterization was done by Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffractometer. The EPD process and the application of sintering temperature eliminated the phase of B type apatite carbonate which made the purity of the HAp layer higher. The SEM results show that the layer was more homogeneous and free of cracking at a voltage of 50 V and the withdrawal speed of 0.1 mm/s. The layer density was higher as the voltage and sintering temperature increased. Higher sintering temperature also made the layer more homogeneous, but at 950 °C, stainless steel 316L substrate underwent a phase transformation which caused the decreasing of the purity of the HAp layer. The best results were obtained by applying a50 V voltage, a withdrawal speed of 0.1 mm/s, and a sintering temperature of 850 °C.

scholarly journals Electrophoretic Deposition of Hydroxyapatite–Chitosan–Titania on Stainless Steel 316 L

Surfaces ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Sorkhi ◽  
Morteza Farrokhi-Rad ◽  
Taghi Shahrabi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Nanocomposite Coatings ◽  
316 L Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel 316 ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, hydroxyapatite (HA)–chitosan–titania nanocomposite coatings were formed on 316 L stainless steel using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from alcoholic (methanol and ethanol) suspensions containing 0.5 g/L chitosan and 2 and 5 g/L HA and 2 and 5 g/L Titania. The effect of different parameters on the deposition rate, morphology, and corrosion resistance of the coatings in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C has been studied. The coatings’ properties were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the results of this work, it was found that the deposition rate in ethanolic suspensions is lower than methanolic ones. Moreover, the coating surface was smoother when the ethanol was used as a solvent in suspensions in comparison to the ones where methanol was the solvent. The coating deposited from a suspension containing 0.5 g/L chitosan, 2 g/L HA, and 5 g/L titania with ethanol as solvent had the highest corrosion resistance in SBF at 37 °C.

scholarly journals 4-{[4-(Dimethylamino)benzylidene]amino}-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol as Corrosion Inhibitor for 316 Stainless Steel in 2.5 M Sulphuric Acid: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1025
Author(s):  
N. Shet ◽  
R. Nazareth ◽  
P. Krishna Murthy ◽  
P.A. Suchetan
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel 316

The corrosion inhibition competence of 4-{[4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene]amino}-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (DBTT) on 316 stainless steel (316 SS) in 2.5 M H2SO4 was studied using various electrochemical as well as weight-loss measurements. The alloy surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Concentration effect on inhibition efficiency was investigated by varying concentration from 5 to 2000 ppm in the temperature range 30-60 °C. Results indicated mixed-type inhibitory action of DBTT. The efficiency increased with the raise in concentration of DBTT and temperature, reaching a highest of 92.4 % at 60 °C. Langmuir adsorption isotherm is obeyed. Calculation of different thermodynamic factors suggests that the adsorption is via both physisorption and chemisorption. In addition to these, several global reactivity parameters were calculated using DFT method at B3LYP/6-311++(d,p) basis set. Theoretical calculations are in good concurrence with the experimental results.

Liquid Phase Deposited TiO2 Films on Stainless Steel Mesh for Corrosion Resistance Application

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Li Xing ◽  
Jun Hui Xiang ◽  
Hua Zheng Sai ◽  
Zhen You Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Examination System ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Film Coatings ◽  
Tafel Polarization ◽  
Steel Mesh ◽  
Steel Wires

Liquid phase deposition (LPD) method was used to prepare corrosion protective titanium dioxide (TiO2) film coatings on the stainless steel mesh which is composed of steel wires at a relatively low temperature (80°C). The as-prepared TiO2 coated samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX). It was observed that the TiO2 film coatings could conformally coat the stainless steel wires which play a significant role in the corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance of the samples was evaluated using Tafel polarization curves in a three-electrode electrochemical examination system. The TiO2 deposited samples all showed a certain improvement of corrosion resistance. Compared with the sample prepared in the acid condition (PH=3.7), the low alkaline (PH=9.5) sample could provide better corrosion protection which could increase the corrosion potential (Ecorr) from-0.53 V to-0.17 V.

Effect of reactor temperature on direct growth of carbon nanomaterials on stainless steel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Edzatty ◽  
S. M. Syazwan ◽  
A. H. Norzilah ◽  
S. B. Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
Reactor Temperature

Measurement of Deformation-Induced Martensite in Stainless Steel Using Magnetic Contact Force

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2217-2221
Author(s):  
Tadashi Nishihara
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Novel Method

Metastable austenitic stainless steels are attractive industrial materials with excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and formability. However, during plastic deformation, α’martensite can be formed. The volume fraction of that particular phase influences the mechanical and other properties (such as corrosion resistance) of these steels. Therefore, it is important to determine the amount of α’martensite in the obtained microstructures. Currently, the volume fraction of deformation-induced martensite in stainless steel is most commonly measured by the X-ray diffraction or magnetic permeability methods. In this study, a novel method of measuring deformation-induced martensite using magnetic contact holding force is proposed. Measurement trials were carried out using a prototype measuring system, and the results of measurements taken from SUS301 and SUS304 stainless steels are discussed in terms of deformation and martensite volume fraction.

Tribological Study of Fe–W–P Electrodeposited Coating on 316 L Stainless Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zouch ◽  
Z. Antar ◽  
A. Bahri ◽  
K. Elleuch ◽  
M. Ürgen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sodium Tungstate ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrodeposited Coating ◽  
Nodular Structure ◽  
316 L Stainless Steel ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Stainless Steel 316

Ternary iron–tungsten–phosphorus (Fe–W–P) coatings were electrodeposited with different sodium tungstate (NaWO4·2H2O) concentration on stainless steel 316 L substrate. These coatings were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The friction and wear behavior of these coatings were investigated using ball-on-disk tribometer under dry conditions. This study reveals a nanocrystalline and nodular structure with nanometric grain size of the deposited alloy. The maximum level of incorporation of tungsten (W) is about 29.54 at %. It was obtained with 0.5 M of sodium tungstate concentration, and it increases the microhardness of the coatings. Moreover, it was found that Fe–W–P coatings had significantly improved the tribological properties of the substrate due to their higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficient.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document