Kinetics of Cellular Structure Formation at Thermal Treatment Processes Simulation in the Cellular Glass Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Fedosov ◽  
Maxim O. Bakanov ◽  
Sergey N. Nikishov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Glass Technology ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Cellular Glass ◽  
Kinetics Of

The work considers mathematical models describing thermal processes in the framework of thermal processing of raw material mixture for cellular glass sponging. It is shown that the existing models do not completely reflect the physical processes occurring in the technology of cellular glass production. It is noted that kinetics of cell formation in cellular glass is a promising trend for improving the cellular glass technology.

scholarly journals Chemical technology of cellular glass production

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 02012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Saakyan ◽  
Artavazd Arzumanyan ◽  
Gagik Galstyan
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Glass Wool ◽  
Glass Technology ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Cellular Glass ◽  
Composition Structure

Cellular glass by its composition, structure and technical parameters is a high-performance multifunctional material, and its use in construction and engineering is extremely important. The problem of developing cellular glass power consumption technology on the base of natural amorphous aluminosilicates and silica rocks in a single technological process, combining the synthesis of a given glass composition and the formation of its cellular structure is solved by introduction of a nanodispersed modifier into the rock and by the mechanical activation of the charge, creating an impact possibility in the system at the atomic-molecular level. With the involvement of a complex modern theoretical and experimental methods, the processes of glass wool rock modifyed sintering and expanding were investigated, which served as a base for creating the cellular glass technology in the form of products and granules. The study of the secondary glass synthesis dynamics during sintering of volcanic glasses with sodium hydroxide solution showed that the hydrated amorphous neoplasms of sodium silicates synthesized at low temperatures and silica aluminosilicates with temperature rise gradually enriched with silica and formed hydrated secondary glasses, the dehydration of which expanded the mass upon reaching the pyroplastic state. Power consumption technologies of the new type cellular glasses based on the volcanic glass-wool and other amorphous silicate rocks, which allow to combine the processes of synthesis of low-melting glass and its expansion by sintering are challenging for the production and for application in construction and engineering.

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Glyphosate (GP) and its Metabolite Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Narimani ◽  
Gabriel da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Rate Theory ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Mechanism ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Aminomethylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Reaction Rate Theory ◽  
Decomposition Chemistry ◽  
Kinetics Of

Glyphosate (GP) is a widely used herbicide worldwide, yet accumulation of GP and its main byproduct, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in soil and water has raised concerns about its potential effects to human health. Thermal treatment processes are one option for decontaminating material containing GP and AMPA, yet the thermal decomposition chemistry of these compounds remains poorly understood. Here, we have revealed the thermal decomposition mechanism of GP and AMPA by applying computational chemistry and reaction rate theory methods. <br>

Biofilm Structure – An Important and Neglected Parameter in Waste Water Treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Christensen ◽  
G. Holm Kristensen ◽  
J. la Cour Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Laboratory Reactor ◽  
Biofilm Structure ◽  
Kinetics Of

Experimental investigations on the kinetics of wastewater treatment processes in biofilms were performed in a laboratory reactor. Parallel with the kinetic experiments, the influence of the biofilm kinetics on the biofilm structure was studied at macroscopic and microscopic levels. The close interrelationship between biofilm kinetics and structural changes caused by the kinetics is illustrated by several examples. From the study, it is evident that the traditional modelling of wastewater treatment processes in biofilm reactors based on substrate removal kinetics alone will fail in many cases, due to the inevitable changes in the biofilm structure not taken into consideration. Therefore design rules for substrate removal in biofilms used for wastewater treatment must include correlations between the removal kinetics and the structure and development of the biological film.

Advanced sludge thermal processes in Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hiraoka
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Process Systems ◽  
Incineration Process ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Melting Slag

As a result of the spread of sewerage systems, the management of growing quantities of sewage sludge is becoming an urgent need. As the method of sludge management, thermal processes have mostly been applied to the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge in Japan, because of the difficulty of finding final disposal sites. This paper describes the progress of thermal processing technologies, especially focusing on drying-incineration process systems and melting-slag recycling process systems.

Toward a Nonidealist Evolutionary Synthesis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Evolutionary Synthesis ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Evolution Of Development ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Explanatory Framework ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Modern Physics

The received model of evolution sees all inherited features resulting from deterministic networks of interacting genes, implying that living systems are reducible to information in genetic programs. The model requires these programs and their associated phenotypes to have evolved by an isotropic search process occurring in gradual steps with no preferred morphological outcomes. The alternative is to recognize that clusters and aggregates of cells, the raw material of evolution, constitute middle-scale material systems. This implies the necessity of bringing the modern physics of mesoscale matter into the explanatory framework for the evolution of development. The relevant, often nonlinear, physical processes were mobilized at the inception of the phyla when their signature morphological outcomes first appeared and remain as efficient causes, albeit transformed, in present-day embryos. This physicogenetic perspective reengages with concepts of saltation, orthogenesis, and environment-induced plasticity long excluded from evolutionary theory.

scholarly journals Reduction of the Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Patties through the Combination of Thermal Food Processing Techniques without Destroying the Grilling Quality Characteristics

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Lu Dong ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Huaning Yu ◽  
Shuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Heterocyclic Amines ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Beef Patties ◽  
Thermal Food Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques

In order to reduce the formation of heterocyclic amines in grilled beef patties without destroying their unique quality characteristics, the effects of different thermal processes, including charcoal grilling, infrared grilling, superheated steam roasting and microwave heating, on the production of heterocyclic amines in beef patties and grilling quality characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results showed that infrared grilling can significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the content of heterocyclic amines in grilled patties, and the combination of microwave heating or superheated steam roasting with infrared grilling could further reduce the content of heterocyclic amines, with a maximum reduction ratio of 44.48%. While subtle differences may exist in infrared grilled patties with/without superheated steam roasting or microwave heating, a slight change will not affect the overall quality characteristics of grilled patties. The combined thermal processing will not visually affect the color of the grilled patties. Correlation analysis and regression analysis showed that the reduction in heterocyclic amines caused by microwave heating and superheated steam roasting are related to the moisture content and lipid oxidation of grilled patties, respectively. Using combined thermal processes to reduce the formation of heterocyclic amines is advisable.

scholarly journals Effect of Biochar Prepared from Food Waste through Different Thermal Treatment Processes on Crop Growth

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Hang Jia ◽  
Haoxi Ben ◽  
Fengze Wu
Keyword(s):  
Crop Growth ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Impact

Biochar is generally accepted and increasingly valued in scientific circles as solid products in the thermochemical conversion of biomass, mainly because of its rich carbon content. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of biochar from different sources on wheat growth. In particular, this work focused on the effect of different preparation methods and raw material of biochar on the growth of wheat and aim to find a potential soil substitute that can be used for crop cultivation. Two synthetic methods were evaluated: hydrothermal conversion and pyrolysis. The characterization of biochar was determined to explore the impact of its microstructure on wheat growth. The results show that the yield of biochar produced from high-pressure reactor is significantly higher than that obtained by using microwave reactor. For example, the biochar yield obtained through the former is about six times that of the latter when using steamed bread cooked as biomass raw material. In addition, the growth trend of wheat indicates that biochar has different promoting effects on the growth of wheat in its weight and height. The pyrolyzed carbon is more suitable for wheat growth and is even more effective than soil, indicating that pyrolyzed biochar has more potential to be an alternative soil in the future. Moreover, this research tries to explore the reasons that affect crop growth by characterizing biochar (including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), biofilm electrostatic test (BET) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)). The results indicate that the biochar containing more pits and less hydroxyl functional are more suitable for storing moisture, which is one of the significant factors in the growth of crops. This study provides evidence of the effects of biochar on crop growth, both in terms of microstructure and macroscopic growth trends, which provides significant benefits for biochar to grow crops or plants.

scholarly journals Empirical Validation of a Biogas Plant Simulation Model and Analysis of Biogas Upgrading Potentials

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
Jan Martin Zepter ◽  
Jan Engelhardt ◽  
Tatiana Gabderakhmanova ◽  
Mattia Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Plant Simulation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biogas plants may support the transformation towards renewable-based and integrated energy systems by providing dispatchable co-generation as well as opportunities for biogas upgrading or power-to-X conversion. In this paper, a simulation model that comprises the main dynamics of the internal processes of a biogas plant is developed. Based on first-order kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, the biogas production of an input feeding schedule of raw material can be estimated. The output of the plant in terms of electrical and thermal energy is validated against empirical data from a 3-MW biogas plant on the Danish island of Bornholm. The results show that the model provides an accurate representation of the processes within a biogas plant. The paper further provides insights on the functioning of the biogas plant on Bornholm as well as discusses upgrading potentials of biogas to biomethane at the plant from an energy perspective.

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