Rolls Geometry Calculating Mathematical Model for Rotational Bar Surface Drawing

2020 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 629-635
Author(s):  
Aleksey Antimonov ◽  
Nadezhda Pushkareva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Layer Surface ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Rolling Surface ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Rolled Surface

The problem of round-rolled surface products improving quality by reducing roughness and waviness is solved. Traditionally, grinding is used to improve the surface quality, but at the same time new defects appear in the form of cracks, tinge colours and the abrasive particles in-filtration into the surface layer. Surface pressure processing instead of grinding is not associated with such defects, therefore, it is proposed to use a transverse rolling. Rolling rational profile for transverse rolling on round-rolled surface was theoretically determined. Analytical dependences were obtained for rolls in cage with support rings calibration calculations. Such calibration use ensures uniform deterioration of roll and rings bearing surfaces, as well as the rolls balance with their one-sided load during rolling. A parametric analysis of the deformation conditions effect on the rolls geometry was performed. The conditions under which rolls profile can be limited to a circle or a straight line were considered. The obtained results were used in rolls profiling for drawing the rolling surface in laboratory and industrial conditions.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN STEEL GRIT G25 PADA SANDBLASTING BAJA KARBON RENDAH JIS-G3101-SS400

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muslimin Muslimin ◽  
Azam Milah Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Abrasive Material ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Fixed Parameter

ABSTRACTSandblasting is an abrasive particles shooting to material surface for cleaning dust, paint, and rust, along as increasing material surface structure quality for coating, painting and other adhesive process. Al2O3 and steel grit are the most abrasive particles used in this process. Al2O3 is reusable particle inspite of more expensive and producing more dust. On the other hand, steel grit is cheaper and producing less dust. This article focuses on the use of the new and the reused steel grit G25 in sandblasting process of construction material low carbon steel. The objective is to study the effect of the new and reused abrasive material steel grit in sandblasting process on the surface quality. The methods of this experiments are comparing the surface quality of sandblasting process of new and once reused steel grit G25 using the same experimental parameters. Fixed parameter in this experiment is the nozzle pressure, 5 bar, while the independent variables are process distance (15 cm, 25 cm, and 30 cm) and the process time (25 s, 45 s, 120 s). Testing analyses in this experiments are roughness test ASTM D7127-13 and coating thickness test ASTM D-7091. Result of the experiment are coating thickness result are the highest 120 μm and the least 94,14 μm for the new steel grit, while 89,88 μm and 58,58 μm the highest and least for the once used steel grit. Highest roughness result for the new steel grit are 21,4 μm and once used steel grit 17,8 μm, while the least rough are 18,1 μm for the new steel grit and 3, 452 μm for once used steel grit. The once used steel grit G25 still can be accepted as abrasive material in sandblasting process but with less good quality than the new one.Key words :sandblasting, new steel grit G25, new steel grit G25, surface roughness.ABSTRAKSandblasting adalah suatu proses penembakan partikel abrasif ke suatu permukaan untuk membersihkan debu, cat, dan karat, dan membuat tekstur permukaan material agar lapisan pelindung dapat menempel lebih baik. Partikel abrasif yang banyak digunakan dalam proses sandblasting adalah Al2O3 dan steel grit. Partikel Al2O3 memiliki ketahanan abrasive yang tinggi, tetapi harganya lebih mahal dan menghasilkan debu proses lebih banyak. Sedangkan, steel grit harganya lebih murah dan sedikit menghasilkan debu proses. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggunaan material abrasif steel grit G25 baru dan pemakaian ulang untuk proses sandblasting baja karbon rendah untuk material konstruksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan steel grit G25 dan penggunaan ulangnya terhadap kualitas permukaan hasil sandblasting.Metode yang digunakan, yaitu dengan membandingkan hasil proses sandblasting dengan partikel steel grit G25 baru dan partikel steel grit G25 pemakaian ulang (1 kali pemakaian) dalam parameter uji yang sama. Parameter tetap yang digunakan yaitu tekanan nozzle sebesar 5 bar, sedangkan variabel bebasnya yaitu jarak (15 cm, 25 cm, dan 30 cm) dan waktu penembakkan (25 detik, 45 detik, dan 120 detik). Analisis pengujian yang digunakan adalah uji kekasaran ASTM D7127-13 dan uji ketebalan cat ASTM D7091. Nilai ketebalan cat tertinggi steel grit baru 120 μm, steel grit ulang 89,88 μm, dan terendah steel grit baru 94,14 μm, steel grit ulang 58,58 μm. Nilai kekasaran tertinggi steel grit baru 21,4 μm, steel grit ulang 17,8 μm, dan terendah steel grit baru 18,1 μm, steel grit ulang 3,452 μm. Penggunaan steel grit G25 penggunaan baru lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penggunaan ulangnya, dengan hasil pengujian steel grit baru yang lebih tinggi dengan penggunaan ulang.Katakunsi : sandblasting, steel grit G25 baru, Steel grit G25 sekali pakai, kekasaran permukaan.

scholarly journals Rated definition of degree of cutter coating influence upon parameters of surface layer quality of parts worked

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Вячеслав Безъязычный ◽  
Vyacheslav Bezyazychnyy ◽  
Максим Басков ◽  
Maksim Baskov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Layer Surface ◽  
Wear Resistant Coatings ◽  
Cutter Wear ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Surface Layer Quality ◽  
The Impact

The impact of cutter wear-resistant coatings upon cutting process parameters and characteristics of surface layer quality in the parts worked: residual stresses, a degree and a depth of work hardening of a surface layer, surface roughness is investigated.

scholarly journals WRF Model Experiments on the Antarctic Atmosphere in Winter

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa-Matti Tastula ◽  
Timo Vihma
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Temperature Bias ◽  
Radiation Parameterizations

Abstract The standard and polar versions 3.1.1 of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, both initialized by the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40), were run in Antarctica for July 1998. Four different boundary layer–surface layer–radiation scheme combinations were used in the standard WRF. The model results were validated against observations of the 2-m temperature, surface pressure, and 10-m wind speed at 9 coastal and 2 inland stations. The best choice for boundary layer and radiation parameterizations of the standard WRF turned out to be the Yonsei University boundary layer scheme in conjunction with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) surface layer scheme and the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for longwave radiation. The respective temperature bias was on the order of 3°C less than the biases obtained with the other combinations. Increasing the minimum value for eddy diffusivity did, however, improve the performance of the asymmetric convective scheme by 0.8°C. Averaged over the 11 stations, the error growths in 24-h forecasts were almost identical for the standard and Polar WRF, but in 9-day forecasts Polar WRF gave a smaller 2-m temperature bias. For the Vostok station, however, the standard WRF gave a less positively biased 24-h temperature forecast. On average, the polar version gave the least biased surface pressure simulation. The wind speed simulation was characterized by low correlation values, especially under weak winds and for stations surrounded by complex topography.

scholarly journals Research and Application of Mathematical Model of Transmission Grating Signal Lissajous Figure

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 03046
Author(s):  
Luqing Hu ◽  
Xianqing Lei ◽  
Xiaoyi Wang ◽  
Yadong Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Lissajous Figure ◽  
Transmission Grating ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Grating Pair

In this paper, the working principle of the grating measurement system is combined with the Fourier analysis method of Moiré fringe to establish the mathematical model of the grating signal Lissajous figure to know the quality of the grating signal intuitively. The Mathematica numerical analysis software is used to obtain the graphics of the model, and the correctness of the relationship between the parameters of the grating measurement system and the Lissajous figure equation of the grating signal is verified. The influence of the grating pair angle α on the output voltage signal and Lissajous figure of the grating measurement system is studied. The results show that the intensity of the two-phase output electrical signal decreases gradually with the increase of the deviation of the angle α of the grating pair, but the equal-amplitude of the two-phase output electrical signal does not change; Meanwhile, the shape of the grating signal Lissajous figure gradually changes from the ideal circle to the non-ideal ellipse, until a straight line with a strip slope of 135° is formed.

scholarly journals Swing Vibration Control of Suspended Structure Using Active Rotary Inertia Driver System: Parametric Analysis and Experimental Verification

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunwei Zhang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control System ◽  
Vibration Control ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Rotary Inertia ◽  
System Control ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Control Effectiveness

The Active Rotary Inertia Driver (ARID) system is a novel vibration control system that can effectively mitigate the swing vibration of suspended structures. Parametric analysis is carried out using Simulink based on the mathematical model and the effectiveness is further validated by a series of experiments. Firstly, the active controller is designed based on the system mathematical model and the LQR (linear quadratic regulator) algorithm. Next, the parametric analysis is carried out using Simulink to study the key parameters such as the coefficient of the control algorithm, the rotary inertia ratio. Lastly, the ARID system control effectiveness and the parametric analysis results are further validated by the shaking table experiments. The effectiveness and robustness of the ARID system are well verified. The dynamic characteristics of this system are further studied, and the conclusions of this paper provide a theoretical basis for further development of such unique control system.

Variations of a Ni-P Surface Layer After Nanoparticle Impacts

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Xu ◽  
J. B. Luo ◽  
G. S. Pan ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
X. C. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Surface Collision

In CMP, erosive wear regarded as one of the wear mechanisms underlying the interaction between the abrasive particles and polished surfaces can occur when materials are removed from surface collision of particles which are carried by a fluid medium. In this paper, the microscopic examination of the NiP coatings after nanoparticle impacts is performed. The experimental results indicate that craters and scratches can be observed in the surface after nanoparticle impacts, and crystal grains in nano-scale and element phosphorus concentration can be found in the sub-surface layer of the impacted surface.

Sampling from a skewed population distribution as exemplified by estimation of the creatine kinase upper reference limit.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
W G Miller ◽  
V M Chinchilli ◽  
H D Gruemer ◽  
W E Nance
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reference Limit ◽  
Mathematical Formulas ◽  
Upper Reference Limit ◽  
Larger Sample

Abstract Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) was measured in sera from 580 females, ages 1-77 years, and 550 males, ages 1-63 years. The distribution of results for male and female groups shows pronounced skewing toward higher values. The observed distribution of results could not be described by any of six mathematical formulas for skewed distributions, an indication of the unsuitability of such formulas to transform these data for parametric analysis. The range of 97.5 percentile estimates produced by six independent samples of 100, 200, and 400 observations randomly selected from a mathematical model defined by the adult female distribution showed progressive narrowing from the 150-380 U/L interval for the samples of 100 observations to 200-265 U/L for the samples of 400 observations; no further improvement was seen when 800 observations were used. The samples of 100 and 200 observations contained extreme value points that might appear as "outliers" but were shown to be valid members of the population distribution when larger sample sizes were collected.

scholarly journals A mathematical model of odor dispersion from a wastewater treatment plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Valerii Azarov ◽  
Tat’yana Solov’eva ◽  
Sergei Svitskov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Straight Line Passing ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Odor Character ◽  
Line Passing ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Odor Dispersion

Smell is an important criterion of the quality of atmospheric air. The paper looks at quantitative and qualitative methods of odor assessment and describes the method of field olfactometry. Studies were carried out on the spread of odor from the WWTP OAO OKOS in the Kaliningrad region of Russia which resulted in 817 measurements. For each measurement, the following parameters were recorded: odor strength (D/T), odor character, atmospheric pressure (mmHg), temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), wind direction and the the point where a measurement was taken. A mathematical model is given of the dependence of odor strength on the distance to two sources s1 (m) and s2 (m) and the wind direction from a straight line passing through a given point and a source 1 — a1 or a source 2 — a2.

Mathematical Model for Face-Hobbed Straight Bevel Gears

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Pei Shih
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Bevel Gear ◽  
Tooth Contact Analysis ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Bevel Gears ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Base Circle ◽  
Straight Line Mechanism ◽  
Straight Lines

Face hobbing, a continuous indexing and double-flank cutting process, has become the leading method for manufacturing spiral bevel gears and hypoid gears because of its ability to support high productivity and precision. The method is unsuitable for cutting straight bevel gears, however, because it generates extended epicycloidal flanks. Instead, this paper proposes a method for fabricating straight bevel gears using a virtual hypocycloidal straight-line mechanism in which setting the radius of the rolling circle to equal half the radius of the base circle yields straight lines. This property can then be exploited to cut straight flanks on bevel gears. The mathematical model of a straight bevel gear is developed based on a universal face-hobbing bevel gear generator comprising three parts: a cutter head, an imaginary generating gear, and the motion of the imaginary generating gear relative to the work gear. The proposed model is validated numerically using the generation of face-hobbed straight bevel gears without cutter tilt. The contact conditions of the designed gear pairs are confirmed using the ease-off topographic method and tooth contact analysis (TCA), whose results can then be used as a foundation for further flank modification.

Modified Abrasives based on fumed SiO2 and Al2O3 for the Cu CMP Process

2004 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zeidler ◽  
J.W. Bartha ◽  
W.L ortz ◽  
R. Brandes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Method ◽  
Copper Removal ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Cu Cmp ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Fumed Sio2

AbstractNew abrasive particles based on SiO2 and Al2O3 were produced with different coating and doping. Seven specifically designed particles were dispersed to prepare slurries for Cu CMP. Glycin was used as complexing agent and hydrogenperoxid as oxidizer. The experimentally obtained removal rate, selectivity, surface quality and planarisation ability, demonstrate a significant impact of the different abrasives tested. SiO2 particles covered with Al2O3 increased the removal rate for Cu. In comparison to this behavior, a low rate for TaN proved a high selectivity copper removal required by the Cu CMP process. A new method for the planarisation length monitoring (step polish response) shows also significant differences in planarisation length (PL) by the polish of copper with slurries composed of these new particles.

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