Innovative Biohydrometallurgical Approaches in the EU Project FAME

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Susan Reichel ◽  
Mirko Martin ◽  
Christopher G. Bryan ◽  
Cristina Vila ◽  
António Fiúza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
Eu Project

The FAME (Flexible and Mobile Economic Processing Technologies) project targets the development of flexible and economic processing technologies for small and low-grade European ore deposits with complex mineralogy, targeting greisen, skarn and pegmatite ores. Amongst the valuable elements to be recovered are W, Sn, Li and minor constituents like In, Ge, Ga, Nb or Ta. To improve the processing of by-product sulfides to recover critical elements like In or Ga and to develop innovative processing strategies for raw materials, biohydrometallurgical technologies are investigated. There are different approaches in FAME for the biohydrometallurgical recovery of valuable metals from low grade ores: 1) the extraction of Li from zinnwaldite and lepidolite, 2) the heap leaching of low grade sulfide ore unsuitable for conventional processing to recover Zn and In, and 3) the bioleaching of sulfide concentrates in a two-stage tank process for recovery of Zn and Cu. So far the most promising results were achieved for heap-leaching of low-grade Zn-In ores achieving 7.4 ppm In in the leaching solution and for Li extraction (28%) from zinnwaldite.

scholarly journals Impact of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on the Flotation of Ultrafine Magnesite from Dolomite-Rich Desliming Tailings

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Duong Huu Hoang ◽  
Doreen Ebert ◽  
Robert Möckel ◽  
Martin Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Sodium Hexametaphosphate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
The Impact

The depletion of ore deposits, the increasing demand for raw materials, the need to process low-grade, complex and finely disseminated ores, and the reprocessing of tailings are challenges especially for froth flotation separation technologies. Even though they are capable of handling relatively fine grain sizes, the flotation separation of very fine and ultrafine particles faces many problems still. Further, the flotation of low-contrast semi-soluble salt-type minerals with very similar surface properties, many complex interactions between minerals, reagents and dissolved species often result in poor selectivity. This study investigates the flotation beneficiation of ultrafine magnesite rich in dolomite from desliming, currently reported to the tailings. The paper especially focuses on the impact of the depressant sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on the following: (i) the froth properties using dynamic froth analysis (DFA), (ii) the separation between magnesite and dolomite/calcite, and (iii) its effect on the entrainment. As a depressant/dispersant, SHMP has a beneficial impact on the flotation separation between magnesite and dolomite. However, there is a trade-off between grade and recovery, and as well as the dewatering process which needs to be considered. When the SHMP increases from 200 g/t to 700 g/t, the magnesite grade increases from 67% to 77%, while recovery decreases massively, from 80% to 40%. The open circuit with four cleaning stages obtained a concentrate assaying 77.5% magnesite at a recovery of 45.5%. The dolomite content in the concentrate is about 20%, where 80% of dolomite was removed and importantly 98% of the quartz was removed, with only 0.3% of the quartz in the final concentrate. Furthermore, the application of 1-hydroxyethylene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) as a more environmentally friendly and low-cost alternative to SHMP is presented and discussed. Using only 350 g/t of HEDP can achieve a similar grade (76.3%), like 700 g/t of SHMP (76.9%), while obtaining a 17% higher magnesite recovery as compared to 700 g/t of SHMP. Interestingly, the proportion of hydrophilic quartz minerals ending up in the concentrate is lower for HEDP, with only 1.9% quartz at a recovery of 21.5% compared to the 2.7% of quartz at a recovery of 24.9% when using SHMP. The paper contributes in general to understanding the complexity of the depressant responses in froth flotation.

scholarly journals Hydrometallurgical Processing of Low-Grade Sulfide Ore and Mine Waste in the Arctic Regions: Perspectives and Challenges

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Masloboev ◽  
Sergey Seleznev ◽  
Anton Svetlov ◽  
Dmitriy Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Mine Waste ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Nickel Ores

The authors describe the opportunities of low-grade sulfide ores and mine waste processing with heap and bacterial leaching methods. By the example of gold and silver ores, we analyzed specific issues and processing technologies for heap leaching intensification in severe climatic conditions. The paper presents perspectives for heap leaching of sulfide and mixed ores from the Udokan (Russia) and Talvivaara (Finland) deposits, as well as technogenic waste dumps, namely, the Allarechensky Deposit Dumps (Russia). The paper also shows the laboratory results of non-ferrous metals leaching from low-grade copper-nickel ores of the Monchepluton area, and from tailings of JSC Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company.

The occurrence of associated and critical elements in the selected documented Zn-Pb, Cu-Ag, Fe-Ti-V, Mo-Cu-W, Sn, Au-As and Ni deposits in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 472 (472) ◽  
pp. 21-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Z. Mikulski ◽  
Sławomir Oszczepalski ◽  
Katarzyna Sadłowska ◽  
Andrzej Chmielewski ◽  
Rafał Małek
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics

As part of the research subject of the Polish Geological Survey, funded by NFOŚiGW, a research project was carried out at PGI-NRI in 2015–2018. Its main task was quantitative and qualitative identification of elements accompanying the main ore and associated elements, including critical ones, and mineralogical identification of their main carriers in metallic ore deposits documented after World War II, representing the main metallogenic formations in Poland. The research focused mainly on drill cores from historical survey boreholes, rarely samples from open-pits and deep mines, representing: Mesozoic Zn-Pb ores, Lower Zechstein Cu-Ag ores, Mesoproterozoic Fe-Ti-V ores, Mo-Cu-W porphyry ores, stratiform Sn ores in the Sudetes, Variscan vein and metasomatic Au-As polymetallic ores, and Cenozoic Ni ores. The PIG-PIB Chemical Laboratory performed analytical work (ICP-MS, WD-XRF, GF-ASS), which allowed quantitative identification of approximately 60 chemical elements. In addition, complementary mineralogical and petrographic studies of the trace element carriers were carried out using a polarizing microscope and an electron microprobe (CAMECA SX-100). Before sampling, metal ore-bearing intervals were examined for the content of chemical elements using a portable spectrometer (Olympus XRF Delta). The results indicate the presence of numerous elements in studied deposits, including those currently regarded as critical for the European Union economy. The collected materials allowed both developing detailed geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of ores from individual deposits and identifying critical elements. They show a clear correlation with the main ore metals, and their resources can be a matter of interest in terms of raw materials.

Advances in mineral processing technologies related to iron, magnesium, and lithium

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-146
Author(s):  
Chaoquan Hu ◽  
Yufei He ◽  
Dongfan Liu ◽  
Shuying Sun ◽  
Dianqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Western China ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization ◽  
Economic Developments

Abstract Exploitation and utilization of mineral resources have played a vital role in China’s rapid economic developments. Although the history of mineral processing is quite long, technologies in this field have varied with the changes of market demands. This is particularly the case for minerals whose high-grade deposits are depleting. The aim of this review is to present our recent efforts on developing new routes for the utilization of low-grade minerals, such as iron ores and brine-containing lithium. The emphasis on the two minerals lies in the fact that iron plays a vital role in modern-day civilization and lithium is a key component in electric vehicles for transportation. Furthermore, the utilization of magnesium chloride reserves, one of the largest wastes in western China, as raw materials for fabrication of functional materials is also included in this review.

scholarly journals Results of experiments on vanadium extraction out of Kusinsky deposit titanium-magnetite ores enrichment wastes

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-622
Author(s):  
E. S. Makhotkina ◽  
M. V. Shubina
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Materials Analysis ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Vanadium Extraction ◽  
Extraction Degree ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Titanium Magnetite

The actuality of exhausted of titanium-magnetite ore deposits wastes is stipulated not only by necessity of their negative impact on environmental elimination, but also by a possibility of application of these wastes as vanadium-containing raw materials. Analysis of existing technological processes for vanadium extraction accomplished. A possibility of vanadium extraction out of Kusinsky deposit titanium-magnetite ore tails studied. Results of experiments on vanadium extraction as soluble vanadates by leaching from the samples after roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios presented. It was determined, that additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are the most effective reagents for roasting of this type of vanadium raw materials. A significant effect of titanium-magnetite ore tails chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree revealed: with an increase content from 0.15% to 0.53% in the ore tails vanadium, the extraction degree increases to 74.8%. When using the sodium chloride reaction additive, it is possible to leach in only one stage using sulfuric acid. Increasing the sodium chloride amount in the roasting mixture leads to a significant increase in the vanadium extraction degree in the leaching solution.

scholarly journals Impact of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on the Flotation of Ultrafine Magnesite from Dolomite-rich Desliming Tailings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duong Huu Hoang ◽  
Doreen Ebert ◽  
Robert Möckel ◽  
Martin Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Sodium Hexametaphosphate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
The Impact

Depletion of ore deposits, increasing demand for raw materials, the need to process low-grade, complex and finely disseminated ores and the reprocessing of tailings are challenges, especially for froth flotation separation technologies. Even though capable of handling relatively fine grain sizes the flotation separation of very fine and ultrafine particles faces many problems still. Further, the flotation of low-contrast semi-soluble salt-type minerals with very similar surface properties, many complex interactions between minerals, reagents and dissolved species often result in poor selectivity. This study investigates the flotation beneficiation of ultrafine magnesite rich in dolomite from de-sliming, currently reported to the tailings. The paper especially focuses on the impact of the depressant sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on: (i) the froth properties using dynamic froth analysis (DFA), (ii) the separation between magnesite and dolomite/calcite and (iii) its effect on the entrainment. Furthermore, the application of 1-hydroxyethylene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) is a more environmentally friendly and low-cost alternative to SHMP is presented and discussed. The paper contributes to understanding on the complexity of depressant responses in froth flotation.

POSSIBILITIES TO RECOVER ALUMINUM FROM MINING WASTE DUMPS LOCATED IN JIU VALLEY. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL OPPORTUNITIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Faur ◽  
◽  
Maria Lazăr ◽  
Izabela-Maria Apostu ◽  
Constantin Rada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Mineral Substances ◽  
Tailing Ponds

The exploitation of low-grade ore deposits or the recovery of useful minerals from old waste dumps and tailing ponds is considered as an interesting economic opportunity especially in the context in which we speak more and more of a reduction in availability of some mineral resources or depletion of conventional ore deposits. The exploitation of old waste dumps and tailing ponds is possible on the one hand due to progress in terms of processing technologies (process efficiency and by lowering the minimum useful content that can be recovered) and on the other by the rise in the demand and the price on the internal and international markets for some useful mineral substances. This paper presents some considerations related to the opportunity to extract useful mineral substances, more precisely aluminum, contained in coal mining waste dumps from Jiu Valley (Romania), regarded in terms of economic, social and environmental benefits.

Application of Laser Induced Luminescence in Ecology

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gaft
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ecological Damage

Exhaustion of rich ore deposits is making it necessary to bring low-grade ores into production, resulting in a sharply increased volume of excavated rock. Huge quantities of waste fill vast areas of the Earth's surface, with severe ecological effects. But the ecological damage could be reduced by extracting additional products from the tailings. Laseroluminescent sorting is a new technology by which this may be achieved. The most promising subjects are about 50 minerals including diamonds, native Au and Ag, ores of V, Pb, Zn, Sn, Li, Be, W, Mo, Zr, Sr, halite, apatite, phosphorite, fluorite, calcite, barite, anhydrite.

scholarly journals Potential Benefits and Constraints of Development of Critical Raw Materials’ Production in the EU: Analysis of Selected Case Studies

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Guzik ◽  
Krzysztof Galos ◽  
Alicja Kot-Niewiadomska ◽  
Toni Eerola ◽  
Pasi Eilu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Critical Raw Materials

Major benefits and constraints related to mineral extraction within the EU have been identified on the examples of selected critical raw materials’ deposits. Analyzed case studies include the following ore deposits: Myszków Mo-W-Cu (Poland), Juomasuo Au-Co (Finland), S. Pedro das Águias W-Sn (Portugal), Penouta Nb-Ta-Sn (Spain), Norra Kärr REEs (Sweden) and Trælen graphite (Norway). They represent different stages of development, from the early/grassroot exploration stage, through advanced exploration and active mining, up to reopening of abandoned mines, and refer to different problems and constraints related to the possibility of exploitation commencement. The multi-criteria analysis of the cases has included geological and economic factors as well as environmental, land use, social acceptance and infrastructure factors. These factors, in terms of cost and benefit analysis, have been considered at three levels: local, country and EU levels. The analyzed cases indicated the major obstacles that occur in different stages of deposit development and need to be overcome in order to enable a new deposit exploitation commencement. These are environmental (Juomasuo and Myszków), spatial (Juomasuo) as well as social constraints (Norra Kärr, Juomasuo). In the analyzed cases, the most important constraints related to future deposit extraction occur primarily at a local level, while some important benefits are identified mainly at the country and the EU levels. These major benefits are related to securing long-term supplies for the national industries and strategically important EU industry sectors.

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